wireshark/docbook/wsdg_src/WSDG_chapter_tools.asciidoc

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
<!-- WSDG Chapter Tools -->
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[[ChapterTools]]

== Tool Reference

[[ChToolsIntro]]

=== Introduction

This chapter will provide you with information about the
various tools needed for Wireshark development.

None of the tools mentioned in this chapter are needed to
run Wireshark; they are only needed to build it.

Most of these tools have their roots on UNIX like
platforms, but Win32 ports are also available. Therefore the
tools are available in different "flavours":

* UNIX (or Win32 Cygwin): the tools should be commonly available on the
  supported UNIX platforms, and for Win32 platforms by using the Cygwin UNIX
  emulation

* Win32 native: some tools are available as native Win32 tools, no special
  emulation is required

[WARNING]
.Follow the directions
====
Unless you know exactly what you are doing, you should strictly follow the recommendations given in <<ChapterSetup>>.
====

The following sections give a very brief description of
what a particular tool is doing, how it is used in the
Wireshark project and how it can be installed and
tested.

Documentation for these tools is outside the scope of this document. If you need
further information on using a specific tool you should find lots of useful
information on the web, as these tools are commonly used. You can also get help
for the UNIX based tools with `toolname --help` or the man page via `man
toolname`.

You will find explanations of the tool usage for some of the specific
development tasks in <<ChapterSources>>.

[[ChToolsCygwin]]

=== Win32: Cygwin

Cygwin provides a lot of UNIX based tools on the Win32 platform. It uses a UNIX
emulation layer which might be a bit slower compared to the native Win32 tools,
but at an acceptable level. The installation and update is pretty easy and done
through a single utility, 'setup-x86.exe' for 32-bit Windows and
'setup-x86_64.exe' for 64-bit Windows.

The native Windows tools will typically be a bit faster but more complicated to
install, as you would have to download the tools from different web sites and
install and configure them them individually.


[NOTE]
.You must have Cygwin installed
====
As there's no Win32 native bash version available, at least a basic installation
of Cygwin is required in any case. This may change in the future as packaging
systems such as NuGet and Chocolatey mature.
====

Although Cygwin consists of several separate packages, the installation
and update is done through a single utility, 'setup-x86.exe' or
'setup-x86_64.exe', which acts similarly to other web based installers.
All tools will be installed into one base folder.  The default is
'C:\cygwin'.

You will find 'setup-x86.exe', for 32-bit systems, and
'setup-x86_64.exe', for 64-bit systems, at http://www.cygwin.com/[].
Click on one of the "Install Cygwin now" links to download the
appropriate setup utility.  After the download completes, run it.

The setup utility will ask you for some settings. The defaults
should usually work well, at least initially. At the "Select
Packages" page, you'll need to select some additional packages,
which are not installed by default. Navigate to the required
Category/Package row and click on the "Skip" item in the "New"
column so it shows a version number for the required
package.

After clicking the Next button several times the setup
will then download and install the selected packages (this may
take a while, depending on the package size).

Under: 'Start→Programs→Cygwin→Cygwin Bash Shell' you should now be able to start
a new Cygwin bash shell, which is similar to the standard Windows command line
interpreters (command.com / cmd.exe) but much more powerful.

[[ChToolsCygwinPackages]]

==== Add/Update/Remove Cygwin Packages

If you want to add, update, or remove packages later you can do so by
running the setup utility again.  At the "Select Packages" page, the
entry in the "New" column will control what is done (or not) with the
package.  If a new version of a package is available, the new version
number will be displayed, so it will be automatically updated.  You can
change the current setting by simply clicking at it, it will change
between:

* 'A specific version number.' This specific package version will be installed.

* 'Skip.' Not installed, no changes.

* 'Keep.' Already installed, no changes.

* 'Uninstall.' Uninstall this package.

* 'Reinstall.' Reinstall this package.

[[ChToolsGNUChain]]

=== GNU compiler toolchain (UNIX or Win32 Cygwin)

[[ChToolsGCC]]

==== gcc (GNU compiler collection)

[WARNING]
.Compiling with gcc on Windows is discouraged
====
Using Cygwin gcc to compile Wireshark is unsupported and recommended. If you
really want to try it anyway see:
http://wiki.wireshark.org/Development/CygwinGCC[] for details.
====

The GCC C compiler is available for most of the
UNIX-like platforms and as the Devel/gcc package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If GCC isn't already installed or available
as a package for your platform, you can get it at:
http://gcc.gnu.org/[].

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ gcc --version
----

should result in something like

----
gcc (GCC) 3.4.4 (cygwin special) (gdc 0.12, using dmd 0.125)
Copyright (C) 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
----

Your version string may vary, of course.

[[ChToolsGDB]]

==== gdb (GNU project debugger)

GDB is the debugger for the GCC compiler. It is
available for many (if not all) UNIX-like platforms and as
the Devel/gdb package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>

If you don't like debugging using the command line
there are some GUI frontends for it available, most notably
GNU DDD.

If gdb isn't already installed or available
as a package for your platform, you can get it at:
http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/gdb.html[].

After correct installation:

----
$ gdb --version
----

should result in something like:

----
GNU gdb 6.5.50.20060706-cvs (cygwin-special)
Copyright 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB.  Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i686-pc-cygwin".
----

Your version string may vary, of course.

[[ChToolsDDD]]


==== ddd (GNU Data Display Debugger)

The GNU Data Display Debugger is a good GUI frontend
for GDB (and a lot of other command line debuggers), so you
have to install GDB first. It is available for many UNIX-like
platforms and as the ddd package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If GNU DDD isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at:
http://www.gnu.org/software/ddd/[].

[[ChToolsGNUmake]]

==== make (GNU Make)

[NOTE]
.GNU make isn't supported either
====
Although some effort is made to use make from the
Cygwin environment, the mainline is still using Microsoft
Visual Studio's nmake.
====

GNU Make is available for most of the UNIX-like
platforms and also as the Devel/make package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If GNU Make isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at:
http://www.gnu.org/software/make/[].

After correct installation:

----
$ make --version
----

should result in something like:

----
GNU Make 3.81
Copyright (C) 2006  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
----

Your version string may vary, of course.

[[ChToolsMSChain]]

=== Microsoft compiler toolchain (Win32 native)

To compile Wireshark on Windows using the Microsoft C/$$C++$$
compiler, you'll need:

. C compiler (`cl.exe`)

. Assembler (`ml.exe` for 32-bit targets and `ml64.exe` for 64-bit targets)

. Linker (`link.exe`)

. Make (`nmake.exe`)

. C runtime headers and libraries (e.g. 'stdio.h', 'msvcrt.lib')

. Windows platform headers and libraries (e.g.
'windows.h', 'WSock32.lib')

// Can we drop support for CHM?
. HTML help headers and libraries ('htmlhelp.h', 'htmlhelp.lib')

==== Toolchain Package Alternatives

The official Wireshark 1.8.x and 1.10.x releases are compiled using
Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2010 SP1.
The official 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6 releases were compiled using
Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008 SP1.
Other past releases, including the 1.0 branch,
were compiled using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 6.0. Using the release
compilers is recommended for Wireshark development work. "Express
Edition" compilers such as Visual $$C++$$ 2010 Express Edition SP1 can be
used but any PortableApps packages you create with them
will require the installation of a separate Visual $$C++$$
Redistributable package on any machine on which the PortableApps
package is to be used. See
<<msvc-runtime-redistributable>> below for more details.

However, you might already have a different Microsoft $$C++$$ compiler
installed. It should be possible to use any of the following with the considerations listed:


.Visual C++ 2010 Express Edition (recommended)

IDE + Debugger?:: Yes

Purchase required?:: http://www.microsoft.com/express/Downloads/#Visual_Studio_2010_Express_Downloads[Free Download]

SDK required for 64-bit builds?:: Yes.

config.nmake MSVC_VARIANT:: MSVC2010EE

32-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat x86`

64-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat x64`

Remarks:: Installers created using express editions require a $$C++$$ redistributable
('$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' or
'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$').footnoteref[vcredist,'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' (3MB free
download) is required to build
Wireshark-win32-wireshark-major-minor-version:[].x.exe, and
'$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' is required to build
Wireshark-win64-wireshark-major-minor-version:[].x.exe. The version of
'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' or '$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' _must_ match the version for your
compiler including any service packs installed for the compiler.]


.Visual Studio 2010

IDE + Debugger?:: Yes

Purchase required?:: Yes

SDK required for 64-bit builds?:: No

config.nmake MSVC_VARIANT:: MSVC2010

32-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat x86`

64-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat x64_`

Remarks:: Default compiler in 'config.nmake'. Building a 64-bit installer
requires a a $$C++$$ redistributable
('$$vcredist_x86.exe$$').footnoteref[vcredist]


.Visual C++ 2008 Express Edition SP1

IDE + Debugger?:: Yes

Purchase required?:: http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=14597[Free Download]

SDK required for 64-bit builds?:: 64-bit build not supported

config.nmake MSVC_VARIANT:: MSVC2008EE

32-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\vcvars32.bat`

Remarks:: Installers created using express editions require a $$C++$$ redistributable
('$$vcredist_x86.exe$$').footnoteref[vcredist]


.Visual Studio 2008

IDE + Debugger?:: Yes

Purchase required?:: Yes

SDK required for 64-bit builds?:: 64-bit build not supported

config.nmake MSVC_VARIANT:: MSVC2008

32-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\vcvars32.bat`


.Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition

IDE + Debugger?:: Yes

Purchase required?:: Free Download (link disappeared)

SDK required for 64-bit builds?:: 64-bit build not supported

config.nmake MSVC_VARIANT:: MSVC2005EE

32-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\bin\vcvars32.bat`

Remarks:: Installers created using express editions require a $$C++$$ redistributable
('$$vcredist_x86.exe$$').footnoteref[vcredist]


.Visual Studio 2005

IDE + Debugger?:: Yes

Purchase required?:: Yes

SDK required for 64-bit builds?:: 64-bit build not supported

config.nmake MSVC_VARIANT:: MSVC2005

32-bit environment setup:: `%PROGRAMFILES%\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\bin\vcvars32.bat`

==== Legal issues with MSVC > V6?

Please note: The following is not legal advice - ask your preferred lawyer
instead. It's the author's view, but this view might be wrong.

The myriad of http://anonsvn.wireshark.org/wireshark-win32-libs/tags/[Win32
support lib] port projects all seem to believe there are legal issues involved
in using newer versions of Visual Studio. This FUD essentially stems from two
misconceptions:

. Unfortunately, it is believed by many that the Microsoft Visual Studio 2003
EULA explicitly forbids linking with GPL'ed programs. This belief is probably
due to an improper interpretation of the
http://msdn.microsoft.com/visualc/vctoolkit2003/eula.aspx[Visual Studio 2003
Toolkit EULA], which places redistribution restrictions only on SOURCE CODE
SAMPLES which accompany the toolkit.

. Other maintainers believe that the GPL itself forbids using Visual Studio 2003
since one of the required support libraries (MSVCR71.DLL) does not ship with the
Windows operating system. This is also a wrongful interpretation, and the
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#WindowsRuntimeAndGPL[GPL FAQ]
explicitly addresses this issue.

The situation is similar for Visual Studio 2005 and later.

It should be perfectly legal to compile
Wireshark, distribute, run it if it was compiled with any
MSVC version > V6.

==== cl.exe (C Compiler)

The following table gives an overview of the possible
Microsoft toolchain variants and their specific C compiler
versions ordered by release date.

|===============
|Compiler Package|cl.exe|_MSC_VER|CRT DLL
|Visual Studio 2005|8.0|1400|msvcr80.dll
|Visual $$C++$$ 2005 Express Edition
|.NET Framework 2.0 SDK
|Windows SDK for Windows Vista and
.NET Framework 3.0 Runtime Components
|Visual Studio 2008|9.0|1500|msvcr90.dll
|Visual Studio 2008 Express Edition
|Visual Studio 2010|10.0|1600|msvcr100.dll
|Visual Studio 2010 Express Edition
|===============

After correct installation of the toolchain, typing
at the command line prompt (cmd.exe):

----
> cl
----

should result in something like:

----
Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 15.00.30729.01 for 80x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved.

usage: cl [ option... ] filename... [ /link linkoption... 
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsNMake]]

==== nmake.exe (Make)

Nmake is part of the toolchain packages described
above.

Instead of using the workspace (.dsw) and projects (.dsp) files, the traditional
nmake makefiles are used. This has one main reason: it makes it much easier to
maintain changes simultaneously with the GCC toolchain makefile.am files as both
file formats are similar. However, as no Visual Studio workspace/project files
are available, this makes it hard to use the Visual Studio IDE e.g. for using
the integrated debugging feature.

After correct installation, typing at the command line prompt (cmd.exe):

----
> nmake
----

should result in something like:

----
Microsoft (R) Program Maintenance Utility   Version 6.00.9782.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1988-1998. All rights reserved.

NMAKE : fatal error U1064: MAKEFILE not found and no target specified
Stop.
----

However, the version string may vary.

Documentation on nmake can be found at
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/library/dd9y37ha(VS.71).aspx[Microsoft MSDN]

==== link.exe (Linker)

****
This section not yet written
****

[[msvc-runtime-redistributable]]


==== C-Runtime "Redistributable" Files

Please note: The following is not legal advice - ask your preferred lawyer
instead. It's the authors view and this view might be wrong.

Depending on the Microsoft compiler version you use, some binary files coming
from Microsoft might be required to be installed on Windows machine to run
Wireshark. On a developer machine, the compiler setup installs these files so
they are available - but they might not be available on a user machine!

This is especially true for the C runtime DLL (msvcr*.dll), which contains the
implementation of ANSI and alike functions, e.g.: fopen(), malloc(). The DLL is
named like: msvcr'version'.dll, an abbreviation for "MicroSoft Visual C
Runtime". For Wireshark to work, this DLL must be available on the users
machine.

Starting with MSVC7, it is necessary to ship the C runtime DLL
(msvcr'version'.dll) together with the application installer somehow, as that
DLL is possibly not available on the target system.


[NOTE]
.Make sure you're allowed to distribute this file
====
The files to redistribute must be mentioned in the
redist.txt file of the compiler package. Otherwise it
can't be legally redistributed by third parties like
us.
====

The following MSDN links are recommended for the
interested reader:

* http://msdn2.microsoft.com/library/ms235299(VS.80).aspx[Redistributing Visual C++ Files]

* http://msdn2.microsoft.com/library/ms235291(VS.80).aspx[How to: Deploy using XCopy]

* http://support.microsoft.com/?scid=kb%3Ben-us%3B326922&amp;x=10&amp;y=13[Redistribution
  of the shared C runtime component in Visual $$C++$$ 2005 and in Visual $$C++$$
  .NET]

In all cases where '$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' or '$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' is
downloaded it should be downloaded to the directory into which the support
libraries for Wireshark have been downloaded and installed. This directory is
specified by the WIRESHARK_LIB_DIR setting in the 'config.nmake'. By default it
is 'C:\wireshark-win32-libs'. It need not, and should not, be run after being
downloaded.

===== msvcr80.dll / vcredist_x86.exe - Version 8.0 (2005)

There are three redistribution methods that MSDN
mentions for MSVC 8 (see
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/ms235316(VS.80).aspx["Choosing a Deployment Method"]):

. 'Using Visual $$C++$$ Redistributable Merge Modules'.
(Loadable modules for building msi installers.
Not suitable for Wireshark's NSIS based installer)

. 'Using Visual $$C++$$ Redistributable Package'. The Microsoft libraries are
installed by copying '$$vcredist_x86.exe$$', '$$vcredist_x64.exe$$', or
'$$vcredist_ia64.exe$$' to the target machine and executing it on that machine
(MSDN recommends this for applications built with Visual Studio 2005 Express
Edition).

. 'Install a particular Visual $$C++$$ assembly as a private assembly for the
application'. The Microsoft libraries are installed by copying the folder
content of 'Microsoft.VC80.CRT' to the target directory (e.g. 'C:\Program
Files\Wireshark')

To save installer size, and to make a portable
version of Wireshark (which must be completely self-contained,
on a medium such as a flash drive, and not require that an
installer be run to install anything on the target machine)
possible, when building 32-bit Wireshark with MSVC2005, method
3 (copying the content of 'Microsoft.VC80.CRT')
is used (this produces the smallest package).

As MSVC2005EE and DOTNET20 don't provide the folder
'Microsoft.VC80.CRT', when 32-bit Wireshark
is built with either of them method 2 is used.
You'll have to download the appropriate version of
'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' from Microsoft for your
compiler version.

A portable version of 64-bit Wireshark is not built, so method 3 is used for all
64-bit builds. You'll have to download the appropriate version of
'$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' or '$$vcredist_ia64.exe$$' from Microsoft for your target
processor and compiler version.

* For 32-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005
Express Edition without Service Pack 1, you need
'8.0.50608.0',
from: "Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005 Redistributable Package (x86)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=3387[].

* For 64-bit x86 (x64) builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$
2005, any edition, without Service Pack 1, you need
'{fill this in}',
from: "Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005 Redistributable Package (x64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=21254[].

* For IA-64 builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005, any
edition, without Service Pack 1, you need
'{fill this in}',
from: "Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005 Redistributable Package (IA64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=16326[].

* For 32-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005
Express Edition with Service Pack 1, you need
'8.0.50727.762', from: "Microsoft
Visual $$C++$$ 2005 SP1 Redistributable Package (x86)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=5638[].

* For 64-bit x86 builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2005,
any edition, with Service Pack 1, you need
'{fill this in}', from: "Microsoft
Visual $$C++$$ 2005 SP1 Redistributable Package (x64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=18471[].

Please send a message to the wireshark-dev mailing list if you
find a different version number.

===== msvcr90.dll / vcredist_x86.exe / vcredist_x64.exe - Version 9.0 (2008)

There are three redistribution methods that MSDN
mentions for MSVC 9 (see:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/ms235316(v=vs.90).aspx["Choosing a Deployment Method"]):

. 'Using Visual $$C++$$ Redistributable Merge Modules'.
(Loadable modules for building msi installers.
Not suitable for Wireshark's NSIS based installer)

. 'Using Visual $$C++$$ Redistributable Package'. The Microsoft
libraries are installed by copying '$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' or
'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' to the target machine and executing it on that machine
(MSDN recommends this for applications built with Visual Studio 2008 Express
Edition)

. 'Install a particular Visual $$C++$$ assembly as a private assembly for the
application'. The Microsoft libraries are installed by copying the folder
content of _Microsoft.VC90.CRT_to the target directory (e.g. 'C:\Program
Files\Wireshark')

To save installer size and to make a portable version of Wireshark (which must
be completely self-contained, on a medium such as a flash drive, and not require
that an installer be run to install anything on the target machine) possible,
when building 32-bit Wireshark with MSVC2008, method 3 (copying the content of
'Microsoft.VC90.CRT') is used (this produces the smallest package).

As MSVC2008EE doesn't provide the folder 'Microsoft.VC90.CRT', when 32-bit
Wireshark is built with it method 2 is used. You'll have to download the
appropriate version of '$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' from Microsoft for your compiler
version.

A portable version of 64-bit Wireshark is not built, so method 2 is used for all
64-bit builds. You'll have to download the appropriate version of
'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' from Microsoft for your compiler version.


* For 32-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008
Express Edition without Service Pack 1, you need
'9.0.21022.8', from:
"Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008 Redistributable Package (x86)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=29[].

* For 64-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008,
any edition, without Service Pack 1, you need
'9.0.21022.8', from:
"Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008 Redistributable Package (x64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=15336[].

* For 32-bit builds with Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008
Express Edition with Service Pack 1, you need
'9.0.30729.17', from:
"Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package (x86)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=5582[].

* For 64-bit builds with Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008,
any edition, with Service Pack 1, you need
'9.0.30729.17', from:
"Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package (x64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=2092[].

Please send a message to the wireshark-dev mailing list if you
find a different version number.

===== msvcr100.dll / vcredist_x86.exe / vcredist_x64.exe - Version 10.0 (2010)

There are three redistribution methods that MSDN
mentions for MSVC 10 (see:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/ms235316(v=vs.100).aspx["Choosing a Deployment Method"]):

. 'Using Visual $$C++$$ Redistributable Package'.
The Microsoft libraries are installed by copying
'$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' or
'$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' to the target
machine and executing it on that machine (MSDN recommends
this for applications built with Visual Studio 2010,
both Express Edition and non-Express editions)

. 'Using Visual $$C++$$ Redistributable Merge Modules'.
(Loadable modules for building msi installers.
Not suitable for Wireshark's NSIS based installer)

. 'Install a particular Visual $$C++$$ assembly as a
private assembly for the application'. The
Microsoft libraries are installed by copying the folder
content of 'Microsoft.VC100.CRT' to
the target directory (e.g. 'C:\Program Files\Wireshark')

To save installer size, and to make a portable
version of Wireshark (which must be completely self-contained,
on a medium such as a flash drive, and not require that an
installer be run to install anything on the target machine)
possible, when building 32-bit Wireshark with MSVC2010, method
3 (copying the content of 'Microsoft.VC100.CRT')
is used (this produces the smallest package).

As MSVC20010EE doesn't provide the folder 'Microsoft.VC100.CRT', when 32-bit
Wireshark is built with it method 1 is used. You'll have to download the
appropriate version of '$$vcredist_x64.exe$$' from Microsoft that corresponds to
your compiler version.

A portable version of 64-bit Wireshark is not built, so method
1 is used for all 64-bit builds.  You'll have to download the
appropriate version of '$$vcredist_x86.exe$$' from Microsoft for your compiler version.

* For 32-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2010
Express Edition without Service Pack 1, you need
'10.0.30319.1', from: "Microsoft Visual
$$C++$$ 2010 Redistributable Package (x86)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=5555[].

* For 64-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2010,
any edition, without Service Pack 1, you need
'10.0.30319.1', from: "Microsoft Visual
$$C++$$ 2010 Redistributable Package (x64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=14632[].

* For 32-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2010
Express Edition with Service Pack 1, you need
'10.0.40219.1', from: "Microsoft Visual
$$C++$$ 2010 SP1 Redistributable Package (x86)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=8328[].

* For 64-bit builds using Microsoft Visual $$C++$$ 2010,
any edition, with Service Pack 1, you need
'10.0.40219.1', from: "Microsoft Visual
$$C++$$ 2010 SP1 Redistributable Package (x64)":
http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=13523[].

Please report to the developer mailing list, if you
find a different version number!

==== Windows (Platform) SDK

The Windows Platform SDK (PSDK) or Windows SDK is a free
(as in beer) download and contains platform specific headers and
libraries (e.g. 'windows.h', 'WSock32.lib', etc.). As new Windows
features evolve in time, updated SDK's become available that
include new and updated APIs.

When you purchase a commercial Visual Studio, it will
include an SDK. The free (as in beer) downloadable C compiler
versions (V$$C++$$ 2012 Express, V$$C++$$ 2012 Express, etc.) do not
contain an SDK -- you'll need to download a PSDK in order to
have the required C header files and libraries.

Older versions of the SDK should also work. However, the
command to set the environment settings will be different, try
search for SetEnv.* in the SDK directory.

Prior to Windows Vista, the name "Platform SDK" was used;
starting with Vista, the name was changed just to "Windows
Software Development Kit" or "Windows SDK".  The full names of the
SDKs can be misleading; for example, the SDK for Vista was called
the "Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit for Windows Vista
and .NET Framework 3.0 Runtime Components", which really means the
Windows SDK for Windows Vista and Platforms (like WinXP) that have
the .NET 3.0 runtime installed.

==== HTML Help

HTML Help is used to create the User's and Developer's Guide in .chm format and
to show the User's Guide as the Wireshark "Online Help".

Both features are currently optional, and might be removed in future versions.

===== HTML Help Compiler (hhc.exe)

This compiler is used to generate a .chm file from a bunch of HTML files -- in
our case to generate the User's and Developer's Guide in .chm format.

The compiler is only available as the free (as in beer) "HTML Help Workshop"
download. If you want to compile the guides yourself, you need to download and
install this. If you don't install it into the default directory, you may also
have a look at the HHC_DIR setting in the file docbook/Makefile.

===== HTML Help Build Files (htmlhelp.c / htmlhelp.lib)

The files 'htmlhelp.c' and 'htmlhelp.lib' are required to
be able to open .chm files from Wireshark and show the
online help. Both files are part of the SDK (standalone (P)SDK or MSVC
since 2002).

Simply set HHC_DIR in 'config.nmake' to use it.

[[ChToolsDebugger]]

==== Debugger

Using a good debugger can save you a lot of development time.

The debugger you use must match the C compiler Wireshark was compiled with,
otherwise the debugger will simply fail or you will only see a lot of garbage.

[[ChToolsMSVCDebugger]]

===== Visual Studio integrated debugger

You can use the integrated debugger of Visual Studio if your toolchain includes
it. However, setting up the environment is a bit tricky, as the Win32 build
process uses makefiles instead of the .dsp/.dsw files usually used.

****
This section not yet written
****

[[ChToolsMSDebuggingTools]]

===== Debugging Tools for Windows

You can also use the Microsoft Debugging Tools for Windows toolkit, which is a
standalone GUI debugger. Although it's not that comfortable compared to
debugging with the Visual Studio integrated debugger it can be helpful if you
have to debug on a machine where an integrated debugger is not available.

You can get it free of charge at:
http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/devtools/debugging/default.mspx[] (as
links to Microsoft pages change from time to time, search
for "Debugging Tools" at their page if this link happens to be
outdated).

[[ChToolsBash]]


=== bash

The bash shell is needed to run several shell scripts.

[[ChToolsGNUBash]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: GNU bash

The bash shell is available for most of the UNIX-like
platforms and as the bash package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If bash isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at
http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/bash.html[].

After correct installation, typing at the bash command line prompt:

----
$ bash --version
----

should result in something like:

----
GNU bash, version 3.1.17(6)-release (i686-pc-cygwin)
Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Bash]]

==== Win32 native:

// MinGW? PowerShell?
****
This section not yet written
****

[[ChToolsPython]]

=== Python

Python is an interpreted programming language. The homepage of the Python
project is http://python.org/[]. It is used to generate some source files.
Python 2.5 or later (including Python 3) should work fine but Python 2.7 is
recommended.

[[ChToolsUnixPython]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: Python

// XXX - This seems to contradict other parts of the documentation.
// Do we recommend Cygwin Python or not?

Python is available for most UNIX-like platforms
and as the python package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>

If Python isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at
http://www.python.org/[].

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ python --version
----

should result in something like:

Python 2.7.3

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Python]]

==== Win32 native: python

Get Python (2.7 is recommended) from
http://python.org/download/[].
You can download an installation package there, which
will install the Python system in the top level of your
'C:' drive by default, e.g.
'C:\Python27'.

You can check for a successful installation from a command prompt (cmd.exe):

----
C:\> cd python27

C:\Python27> python --version
----

The output should look something like:

----
Python 2.7.5
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsPerl]]

=== Perl

Perl is an interpreted programming language. The
homepage of the Perl project is
http://www.perl.com[]. Perl is used to convert
various text files into usable source code. Perl version 5.6
and above should work fine.

[[ChToolsUnixPerl]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: Perl

Perl is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms
and as the perl package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If perl isn't already installed or available
as a package for your platform, you can get it at
http://www.perl.com/[].

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ perl --version
----

should result in something like:

----
This is perl, v5.8.7 built for cygwin-thread-multi-64int
(with 1 registered patch, see perl -V for more detail)

Copyright 1987-2005, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'.  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Perl]]

==== Win32 native: Perl

// XXX - Straberry?
A native Win32 Perl package can be obtained from
http://www.ActiveState.com[]. The installation
should be straightforward.

After correct installation, typing at the command
line prompt (cmd.exe):

----
> perl -v
----

should result in something like:

----
This is perl, v5.8.0 built for MSWin32-x86-multi-thread
(with 1 registered patch, see perl -V for more detail)

Copyright 1987-2002, Larry Wall

Binary build 805 provided by ActiveState Corp. http://www.ActiveState.com
Built 18:08:02 Feb  4 2003
...
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsSed]]

=== sed

Sed it the streaming editor. It makes it easy for example
to replace text inside a source code file.
The Wireshark build process uses this to stamp version strings
in various places.

[[ChToolsUnixSed]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: sed

Sed is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms
and as the sed package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If sed isn't already installed or available
as a package for your platform, you can get it at
http://directory.fsf.org/GNU/sed.html[]

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ sed --version
----

should result in something like:

----
GNU sed version 4.1.5
Copyright (C) 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
to the extent permitted by law.
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Sed]]

==== Win32 native: sed

A native Win32 sed package can be obtained from
http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/[]. The
installation should be straightforward.

[[ChToolsYacc]]

=== yacc (bison)

Bison is a free implementation of yacc.

[[ChToolsUnixYacc]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: bison

// XXX Add win flex-bison. The Chocolatey version isn't
// ready pending a Chocolatey bug.

Bison is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms
and as the bison package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If GNU Bison isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at:
http://www.gnu.org/software/bison/bison.html[].

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ bison --version
----

should result in something like:

----
bison (GNU Bison) 2.3
Written by Robert Corbett and Richard Stallman.

Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Yacc]]

==== Win32 native: bison

A native Win32 yacc/bison package can be obtained from
http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/[]. The
installation should be straightforward.

[[ChToolsLexx]]

=== flex

Flex is a free implementation of lexx.

[[ChToolsUnixLexx]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: flex

Flex is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms
and as the flex package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If GNU flex isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at
http://www.gnu.org/software/flex/[].

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ flex --version
----

should result in something like:

----
flex version 2.5.4
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Lexx]]

==== Win32 native: flex

A native Win32 lexx/flex package can be obtained from
http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/[]. The
installation should be straightforward.

[[ChToolsGit]]

=== Git client

The Wireshark project uses its own Git repository
to keep track of all the changes done to the source
code. Details about the usage of Git in the Wireshark
project can be found in
<<ChSrcGitRepository>>.

If you want to work with the source code and are planning to
commit your changes back to the Wireshark community, it is
recommended to use a Git client to get the latest source files.
For detailed information about the different ways to obtain the
Wireshark sources, see
<<ChSrcObtain>>.

You will find more instructions in
<<ChSrcGit>> on how to use the Git
client.

[[ChToolsUnixGit]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: git

Git is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms
and as the Git package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>

If Git isn't already installed or available as a package for your platform, you
can get it at: http://git-scm.com/[].

After correct installation, typing at the bash command line prompt:

----
$ git --version
----

should result in something like:

----
git version 1.8.3.4
----

Your version will likely be different.

[[ChToolsWin32SVN]]

==== Win32 native: git

The Git command line tools for Win32 can be found at
http://git-scm.com/download/win[].

After correct installation, typing at the command
line prompt (cmd.exe):

----
$ git --version
----

should result in something like:

----
git version 1.8.3.4
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsGitGUI]]

=== Git GUI client (optional)

Along with the traditional command-line client, several
GUI clients are available for a number of platforms. See
http://git-scm.com/downloads/guis[] for details.

// [[ChToolsUnixGitGUI]]
// XXX Add Gui client section

[[ChToolsPatch]]

=== patch (optional)

The patch utility is used to merge a diff file into your own source tree. This
tool is only needed, if you want to apply a patch (diff file) from someone else
(probably from the developer mailing list) to try out in your own private source
tree.

It most cases you may not need the patch tool installed. Git and Gerrit should
handle patches for you.

You will find more instructions in <<ChSrcPatchApply>>on how to use the patch
tool.

[[ChToolsUnixPatch]]

==== UNIX or Win32 Cygwin: patch

Patch is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms
and as the patch package from the
<<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

If GNU patch isn't already installed or
available as a package for your platform, you can get it at
http://www.gnu.org/software/patch/patch.html[].

After correct installation, typing at the
bash command line prompt:

----
$ patch --version
----

should result in something like:

----
patch 2.5.8
Copyright (C) 1988 Larry Wall
Copyright (C) 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
You may redistribute copies of this program
under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
For more information about these matters, see the file named COPYING.

written by Larry Wall and Paul Eggert
----

However, the version string may vary.

[[ChToolsWin32Patch]]

==== Win32 native: patch

A native Win32 patch package can be obtained from
http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/[]. The
installation should be straightforward.

[[ChToolsWget]]

=== Win32: GNU wget (optional)

GNU wget is used to download files from the internet using the command line.

GNU wget is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms and as the wget
package from the <<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

You will only need wget, if you want to use the Win32 automated library
download, see <<ChLibsSetup>>for details.

If GNU wget isn't already installed or available as a package for your platform
(well, for Win32 it is available as a Cygwin package), you can get it at
http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/wget.html[].

If wget is trying to download files but fails to do so, your Internet connection
might use an HTTP proxy. Some Internet providers use such a proxy and it is
common in many company networks today. Wireshark's setup script will try to
discover your proxy settings automatically, but you may need to set the
environment variable 'HTTP_PROXY' by hand before using wget. For example, if you
are behind proxy.com which is listening on port 8080, you have to set it to
something like:

----
set HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy.com:8080/
----

If you are unsure about the settings, you might ask your system administrator.

[[ChToolsUnzip]]

=== Win32: GNU unzip (optional)

GNU unzip is used to, well, unzip the zip files downloaded using the wget tool.

GNU unzip is available for most of the UNIX-like platforms and as the unzip
package from the <<ChToolsCygwin,Cygwin setup>>.

You will only need unzip, if you want to use the Win32 automated library
download, see <<ChLibsSetup>>for details.

If GNU unzip isn't already installed or available as a package for your platform
(well, for Win32 it is available as a Cygwin package), you can get it at
http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/unzip.htm[].

[[ChToolsNSIS]]

=== Win32: NSIS (optional)

The NSIS (Nullsoft Scriptable Install System) is used to generate
'wireshark-win32-wireshark-major-minor-version:[].x.exe' from all the files
needed to be installed, including all required DLLs, plugins, and supporting
files.

To install it, simply download the latest released version (currently 2.46)
from http://nsis.sourceforge.net[] and start the downloaded installer. You will
need NSIS version 2. Version 3 is not yet supported.

You will find more instructions in <<ChSrcNSIS>>on how to use the NSIS tool.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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