mirror of https://gerrit.osmocom.org/asn1c
html version recompiled from the source
git-svn-id: https://asn1c.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/asn1c/trunk@410 59561ff5-6e30-0410-9f3c-9617f08c8826
This commit is contained in:
vlm
parent
986afd6797
commit
763ac41509
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@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ original version by: Nikos Drakos, CBLU, University of Leeds
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<P ALIGN="CENTER"><STRONG>Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info></STRONG></P>
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</DIV>
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<!-- MATH
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$Revision$
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-->
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<P>
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<BR>
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@ -35,89 +38,91 @@ Contents</A>
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<!--Table of Contents-->
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html45"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html46"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02000000000000000000">ASN.1 Basics</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html46"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html47"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02100000000000000000">Abstract Syntax Notation: ASN.1</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html47"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html48"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02110000000000000000">Some of the ASN.1 Basic Types</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html48"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02111000000000000000">The BOOLEAN type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html49"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02112000000000000000">The INTEGER type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02111000000000000000">The BOOLEAN type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html50"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02113000000000000000">The ENUMERATED type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02112000000000000000">The INTEGER type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html51"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02114000000000000000">The OCTET STRING type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02113000000000000000">The ENUMERATED type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html52"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02115000000000000000">The OBJECT IDENTIFIER type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02114000000000000000">The OCTET STRING type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html53"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02115000000000000000">The OBJECT IDENTIFIER type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html54"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02116000000000000000">The RELATIVE-OID type</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html54"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html55"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02120000000000000000">Some of the ASN.1 String Types</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html55"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02121000000000000000">The IA5String type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html56"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02122000000000000000">The UTF8String type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02121000000000000000">The IA5String type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html57"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02123000000000000000">The NumericString type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02122000000000000000">The UTF8String type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html58"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02124000000000000000">The PrintableString type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02123000000000000000">The NumericString type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html59"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02124000000000000000">The PrintableString type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html60"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02125000000000000000">The VisibleString type</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html60"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html61"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02130000000000000000">ASN.1 Constructed Types</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html61"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02131000000000000000">The SEQUENCE type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html62"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02132000000000000000">The SET type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02131000000000000000">The SEQUENCE type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html63"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02133000000000000000">The CHOICE type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02132000000000000000">The SET type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html64"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02134000000000000000">The SEQUENCE OF type</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02133000000000000000">The CHOICE type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html65"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02134000000000000000">The SEQUENCE OF type</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html66"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION02135000000000000000">The SET OF type</A>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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</UL><BR>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html66"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html67"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03000000000000000000">Using the ASN.1 Compiler</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html67"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03100000000000000000">Introduction to the ASN.1 Compiler</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html68"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03200000000000000000">Quick start</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03100000000000000000">Introduction to the ASN.1 Compiler</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html69"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03200000000000000000">Quick start</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html70"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03300000000000000000">Using the ASN.1 Compiler</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html70"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03310000000000000000">Command-line options</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html71"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03320000000000000000">Recognizing compiler output</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03310000000000000000">Command-line options</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html72"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03320000000000000000">Recognizing compiler output</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html73"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03330000000000000000">Invoking the ASN.1 helper code from the application</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html73"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03331000000000000000">Decoding BER</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html74"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03332000000000000000">Encoding DER</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03331000000000000000">Decoding BER</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html75"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03333000000000000000">Validating the target structure</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03332000000000000000">Encoding DER</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html76"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03334000000000000000">Printing the target structure</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03333000000000000000">Encoding XER</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html77"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03335000000000000000">Freeing the target structure</A>
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03334000000000000000">Validating the target structure</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html78"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03335000000000000000">Printing the target structure</A>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html79"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION03336000000000000000">Freeing the target structure</A>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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</UL><BR>
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html78"
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<LI><A NAME="tex2html80"
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HREF="asn1c-usage.html#SECTION04000000000000000000">Bibliography</A>
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</UL>
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<!--End of Table of Contents-->
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@ -557,7 +562,7 @@ language structures and surrounding maintenance code. For example,
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the C structure which may be created by compiler to represent the
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simple <I>Rectangle</I> specification defined earlier in this document,
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may look like this<A NAME="tex2html2"
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HREF="#foot379"><SUP>2.2</SUP></A>:
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HREF="#foot403"><SUP>2.2</SUP></A>:
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<P>
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@ -583,8 +588,8 @@ Quick start</A>
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<P>
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After building and installing the compiler, the <I>asn1c</I><A NAME="tex2html4"
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HREF="#foot380"><SUP>3.1</SUP></A> command may be used to compile the ASN.1 specification<A NAME="tex2html5"
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HREF="#foot381"><SUP>3.2</SUP></A>:
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HREF="#foot404"><SUP>3.1</SUP></A> command may be used to compile the ASN.1 specification<A NAME="tex2html5"
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HREF="#foot405"><SUP>3.2</SUP></A>:
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<P>
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@ -650,7 +655,7 @@ the compiler's behavior.
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<P>
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<BR><P></P>
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="384"></A>
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<DIV ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="408"></A>
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<TABLE>
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<CAPTION><STRONG><A NAME=Table1>Table 1:</A></STRONG>
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The list of asn1c command line options</CAPTION>
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@ -681,11 +686,6 @@ ting the usual support code.</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>-S <I><directory></I></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT WIDTH="216">
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<FONT SIZE="-1">Use the specified directory with ASN.1 skeleton files.</FONT></TD></TR>
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</TBODY><TBODY>
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<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>-t <I><data-string></I></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT WIDTH="216">
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<FONT SIZE="-1">Interpret the data-string as a sequence of hexadecimal values
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representing the start of BER TLV encoding. Print the human readable
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explanation.</FONT></TD></TR>
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</TBODY><TBODY>
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<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP><B>Warning Options</B></TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT WIDTH="216">
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<B>Description</B></TD></TR>
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</TBODY><TBODY>
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@ -724,6 +724,10 @@ produce the meaningful code.</FONT></TD></TR>
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possible, instead of the compound ASN.1 INTEGER_t, ENUMERATED_t
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and REAL_t types. </FONT></TD></TR>
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</TBODY><TBODY>
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<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>-fno-constraints</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT WIDTH="216">
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Do not generate ASN.1 subtype constraint checking code. This may make
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a shorter executable.</TD></TR>
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</TBODY><TBODY>
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<TR><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT NOWRAP>-funnamed-unions</TD><TD VALIGN=BASELINE ALIGN=LEFT WIDTH="216">
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<FONT SIZE="-1">Enable unnamed unions in the definitions of target language's
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structures.</FONT></TD></TR>
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@ -789,7 +793,7 @@ be possible to compile everything with the single instruction:
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<BLOCKQUOTE><PRE>
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cc -o rectangle *.c # It could be <I>that</I> simple<A NAME="tex2html7"
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HREF="#foot387"><SUP>4.1</SUP></A>
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HREF="#foot411"><SUP>4.1</SUP></A>
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</PRE>
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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@ -836,22 +840,27 @@ There are several generic functions available:
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<P>
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<DL>
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<DT><STRONG>check_constraints</STRONG></DT>
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<DD>Check that the contents of the target structure
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are semantically valid and constrained to appropriate implicit or
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explicit subtype constraints. Please refer to Section sub:Validating-the-target.
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</DD>
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<DT><STRONG>ber_decoder</STRONG></DT>
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<DD>This is the generic <I>restartable</I><A NAME="tex2html8"
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HREF="#foot241"><SUP>4.2</SUP></A> BER decoder (Basic Encoding Rules). This decoder would create
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HREF="#foot238"><SUP>4.2</SUP></A> BER decoder (Basic Encoding Rules). This decoder would create
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and/or fill the target structure for you. Please refer to Section
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[<A HREF="#sub:Decoding-BER">Decoding-BER</A>].
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</DD>
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<DT><STRONG>der_encoder</STRONG></DT>
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<DD>This is the generic DER encoder (Distinguished Encoding
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Rules). This decoder will take the target structure and encode it
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Rules). This encoder will take the target structure and encode it
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into a series of bytes. Please refer to Section [<A HREF="#sub:Encoding-DER">Encoding-DER</A>].
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</DD>
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<DT><STRONG>xer_encoder</STRONG></DT>
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<DD>This is the generic XER encoder (XML Encoding Rules).
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This encoder will take the target structure and represent it as an
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XML (text) document. Please refer to Section [<A HREF="#sub:Encoding-XER">Encoding-XER</A>].
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</DD>
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<DT><STRONG>check_constraints</STRONG></DT>
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<DD>Check that the contents of the target structure
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are semantically valid and constrained to appropriate implicit or
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explicit subtype constraints. Please refer to Section sub:Validating-the-target.
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</DD>
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<DT><STRONG>print_struct</STRONG></DT>
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<DD>This function convert the contents of the passed target
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structure into human readable form. This form is not formal and cannot
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@ -863,6 +872,11 @@ for debugging or quick-n-dirty printing. Please refer to Section [<A HREF="#sub:
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Please refer to Section [<A HREF="#sub:Freeing-the-target">Freeing-the-target</A>].
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</DD>
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</DL>
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check_constraints Check that the contents of the target structure
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are semantically valid and constrained to appropriate implicit or
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explicit subtype constraints. Please refer to Section sub:Validating-the-target.
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<P>
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Each of the above function takes the type descriptor (<I>asn1_DEF_...</I>)
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and the target structure (<I>rect</I>, in the above example). The
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target structure is typically created by the generic BER decoder or
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@ -1015,12 +1029,13 @@ Encoding DER
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</H2>
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<P>
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The Distinguished Encoding Rules is the variant of BER encoding rules
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which is oriented on representing the structures with length known
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beforehand. This is probably exactly how you want to encode: either
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after a BER decoding or after a manual fill-up, the target structure
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contains the data which size is implicitly known before encoding.
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The DER encoding is used, for example, to encode X.509 certificates.
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The Distinguished Encoding Rules is the <I>canonical</I> variant of
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BER encoding rules. The DER is best suited to encode the structures
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where all the lengths are known beforehand. This is probably exactly
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how you want to encode: either after a BER decoding or after a manual
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fill-up, the target structure contains the data which size is implicitly
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known before encoding. The DER encoding is used, for example, to encode
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X.509 certificates.
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<P>
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As with BER decoder, the DER encoder may be invoked either directly
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@ -1051,21 +1066,21 @@ write_stream(const void *buffer, size_t size, void 
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*/
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ssize_t
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simple_serializer(FILE *ostream, Rectangle_t *rect) {
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der_enc_rval_t rval; /* Return value */
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asn_enc_rval_t er; /* Encoder return value */
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rval = der_encode(&asn1_DEF_Rect, rect,
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er = der_encode(&asn1_DEF_Rect, rect,
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write_stream, ostream);
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if(rval<B>.encoded</B> == -1) {
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if(er.<B>encoded</B> == -1) {
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/*
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* Failure to encode the rectangle data.
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* Failed to encode the rectangle data.
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*/
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fprintf(stderr, ''Cannot encode %s: %s\n'',
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rval<B>.failed_type</B>->name,
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er.<B>failed_type</B>->name,
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strerror(errno));
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return -1;
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} else {
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/* Return the number of bytes */
|
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return rval.encoded;
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return er.encoded;
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}
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}
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</PRE>
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|
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@ -1083,7 +1098,7 @@ DER encoder will essentially do the same thing (i.e., encode the data)
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but no callbacks will be invoked (so the data goes nowhere). It may
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prove useful to determine the size of the structure's encoding before
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actually doing the encoding<A NAME="tex2html9"
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HREF="#foot313"><SUP>4.3</SUP></A>.
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HREF="#foot314"><SUP>4.3</SUP></A>.
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|
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<P>
|
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Please look into der_encoder.h for the precise definition of der_encode()
|
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|
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@ -1091,7 +1106,51 @@ and related types.
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<P>
|
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|
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION03333000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Validating-the-target"></A><BR>
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION03333000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Encoding-XER"></A><BR>
|
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Encoding XER
|
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</H2>
|
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|
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<P>
|
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The XER stands for XML Encoding Rules, where XML, in turn, is eXtensible
|
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Markup Language, a text-based format for information exchange. The
|
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encoder routine API comes in two flavors: stdio-based and callback-based.
|
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With the callback-based encoder, the encoding process is very similar
|
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to the DER one, described in Section sub:Encoding-DER. The
|
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following example uses the definition of write_stream() from up there.
|
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|
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<P>
|
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|
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<BLOCKQUOTE><PRE>
|
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/*
|
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* This procedure generates the XML document
|
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* by invoking the XER encoder.
|
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* NOTE: Do not copy this code verbatim!
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* If the stdio output is necessary,
|
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* use the xer_fprint() procedure instead.
|
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* See Section sub:Printing-the-target.
|
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*/
|
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int
|
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print_as_XML(FILE *ostream, Rectangle_t *rect) {
|
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asn_enc_rval_t er; /* Encoder return value */
|
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|
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er = xer_encode(&asn1_DEF_Rect, rect,
|
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XER_F_BASIC, /* BASIC-XER or CANONICAL-XER */
|
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write_stream, ostream);
|
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|
||||
return (er.encoded == -1) ? -1 : 0;
|
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}
|
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</PRE>
|
||||
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
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Please look into xer_encoder.h for the precise definition of xer_encode()
|
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and related types.
|
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|
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<P>
|
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See Section [<A HREF="#sub:Printing-the-target">Printing-the-target</A>] for the example of stdio-based
|
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XML encoder and other pretty-printing suggestions.
|
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|
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<P>
|
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|
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<H2><A NAME="SECTION03334000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Validating-the-target"></A><BR>
|
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Validating the target structure
|
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</H2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1119,7 +1178,7 @@ and related types.
|
|||
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2><A NAME="SECTION03334000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Printing-the-target"></A><BR>
|
||||
<H2><A NAME="SECTION03335000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Printing-the-target"></A><BR>
|
||||
Printing the target structure
|
||||
</H2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1138,8 +1197,23 @@ Please look into constr_TYPE.h for the precise definition of asn_fprint()
|
|||
and related types.
|
||||
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
Another practical alternative to this custom format printing would
|
||||
be to invoke XER encoder. The default BASIC-XER encoder performs reasonable
|
||||
formatting for the output to be useful and human readable. To invoke
|
||||
the XER decoder in a manner similar to asn_fprint(), use the xer_fprint()
|
||||
call:
|
||||
|
||||
<H2><A NAME="SECTION03335000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Freeing-the-target"></A><BR>
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
<BLOCKQUOTE><PRE>
|
||||
xer_fprint(stdout, &asn1_DEF_Rectangle, rect);
|
||||
</PRE>
|
||||
</BLOCKQUOTE>
|
||||
See Section sub:Encoding-XER for XML-related details.
|
||||
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2><A NAME="SECTION03336000000000000000"></A><A NAME="sub:Freeing-the-target"></A><BR>
|
||||
Freeing the target structure
|
||||
</H2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1224,7 +1298,7 @@ ISBN:0-12-6333361-0.
|
|||
not a definitive factor.
|
||||
|
||||
</DD>
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot379">... this</A><A
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot403">... this</A><A
|
||||
HREF="asn1c-usage.html#tex2html2"><SUP>2.2</SUP></A></DT>
|
||||
<DD><I>-fnative-types</I> compiler option is used to produce basic C <I>int</I>
|
||||
types instead of infinite width INTEGER_t structures. See <A HREF=#Table1>Table 1</A>.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1236,32 +1310,32 @@ types instead of infinite width INTEGER_t structures. See <A HREF=#Table1>Table
|
|||
text (XML) based.
|
||||
|
||||
</DD>
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot380">...asn1c</A><A
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot404">...asn1c</A><A
|
||||
HREF="asn1c-usage.html#tex2html4"><SUP>3.1</SUP></A></DT>
|
||||
<DD>The 1 symbol in asn<B>1</B>c is a digit, not an ''ell'' letter.
|
||||
|
||||
</DD>
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot381">... specification</A><A
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot405">... specification</A><A
|
||||
HREF="asn1c-usage.html#tex2html5"><SUP>3.2</SUP></A></DT>
|
||||
<DD>This is probably <B>not</B> what you want to try out right now -
|
||||
read through the rest of this chapter to find out about <B>-P</B>
|
||||
and <B>-R</B> options.
|
||||
|
||||
</DD>
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot387">...that simple</A><A
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot411">...that simple</A><A
|
||||
HREF="asn1c-usage.html#tex2html7"><SUP>4.1</SUP></A></DT>
|
||||
<DD>Provided that you've also created a .c file with the <I>int main()</I>
|
||||
routine.
|
||||
|
||||
</DD>
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot241">...restartable</A><A
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot238">...restartable</A><A
|
||||
HREF="asn1c-usage.html#tex2html8"><SUP>4.2</SUP></A></DT>
|
||||
<DD>Restartable means that if the decoder encounters the end of the buffer,
|
||||
it will fail, but may later be invoked again with the rest of the
|
||||
buffer to continue decoding.
|
||||
|
||||
</DD>
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot313">... encoding</A><A
|
||||
<DT><A NAME="foot314">... encoding</A><A
|
||||
HREF="asn1c-usage.html#tex2html9"><SUP>4.3</SUP></A></DT>
|
||||
<DD>It is actually faster too: the encoder might skip over some computations
|
||||
which aren't important for the size determination.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1270,7 +1344,7 @@ which aren't important for the size determination.
|
|||
</DL><BR><HR>
|
||||
<ADDRESS>
|
||||
Lev Walkin
|
||||
2004-09-17
|
||||
2004-09-26
|
||||
</ADDRESS>
|
||||
</BODY>
|
||||
</HTML>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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