osmo-gsm-manuals/common/chapters/glossary.adoc

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[glossary]
== Glossary
2FF::
2nd Generation Form Factor; the so-called plug-in SIM form factor
3FF::
3rd Generation Form Factor; the so-called microSIM form factor
3GPP::
3rd Generation Partnership Project
4FF::
4th Generation Form Factor; the so-called nanoSIM form factor
A Interface::
Interface between BTS and BSC, traditionally over E1 (_3GPP TS 48.008_
<<3gpp-ts-48-008>>)
A3/A8::
Algorithm 3 and 8; Authentication and key generation algorithm in GSM
and GPRS, typically COMP128v1/v2/v3 or MILENAGE are typically used
A5::
Algorithm 5; Air-interface encryption of GSM; currently only A5/0
(no encryption), A5/1 and A5/3 are in use
Abis Interface::
Interface between BTS and BSC, traditionally over E1 (_3GPP TS 48.058_
<<3gpp-ts-48-058>> and _3GPP TS 52.021_ <<3gpp-ts-52-021>>)
ACC::
Access Control Class; every BTS broadcasts a bit-mask of permitted
ACC, and only subscribers with a SIM of matching ACC are permitted
to use that BTS
AGCH::
Access Grant Channel on Um interface; used to assign a dedicated
channel in response to RACH request
AGPL::
GNU Affero General Public License, a copyleft-style Free Software License
ARFCN::
Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number; specifies a tuple of uplink
and downlink frequencies
AUC::
Authentication Center; central database of authentication key material
for each subscriber
BCCH::
Broadcast Control Channel on Um interface; used to broadcast
information about Cell and its neighbors
BCC::
Base Station Color Code; short identifier of BTS, lower part of BSIC
BTS::
Base Transceiver Station
BSC::
Base Station Controller
BSIC::
Base Station Identity Code; 16bit identifier of BTS within location area
BSSGP::
Base Station Subsystem Gateway Protocol (_3GPP TS 48.018_ <<3gpp-ts-48-018>>)
BVCI::
BSSGP Virtual Circuit Identifier
CBCH::
Cell Broadcast Channel; used to transmit Cell Broadcast SMS (SMS-CB)
CC::
Call Control; Part of the GSM Layer 3 Protocol
CCCH::
Common Control Channel on Um interface; consists of RACH (uplink),
BCCH, PCH, AGCH (all downlink)
Cell::
A cell in a cellular network, served by a BTS
CEPT::
Conférence européenne des administrations des postes et des
télécommunications; European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications
Administrations.
CGI::
Cell Global Identifier comprised of MCC, MNC, LAC and BSIC
dB::
deci-Bel; relative logarithmic unit
dBm::
deci-Bel (milliwatt); unit of measurement for signal strength of radio
signals
DHCP::
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (_IETF RFC 2131_ <<ietf-rfc2131>>
downlink::
Direction of messages / signals from the network core towards the
mobile phone
DSP::
Digital Signal Processor
dvnixload::
Tool to program UBL and the Bootloader on a sysmoBTS
EDGE::
Enhanced Data rates for GPRS Evolution; Higher-speed improvement of
GPRS; introduces 8PSK
EGPRS::
Enhanced GPRS; the part of EDGE relating to GPRS services
ESME::
External SMS Entity; an external application interfacing with a SMSC
over SMPP
ETSI::
European Telecommunications Standardization Institute
FPGA::
Field Programmable Gate Array; programmable digital logic hardware
Gb::
Interface between PCU and SGSN in GPRS/EDGE network; uses NS, BSSGP, LLC
GERAN::
GPRS/EDGE Radio Access Network
GFDL::
GNU Free Documentation License; a copyleft-style Documentation License
GGSN::
GPRS Gateway Support Node; gateway between GPRS and external (IP) network
GMSK::
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying; modulation used for GSM and GPRS
GPL::
GNU General Public License, a copyleft-style Free Software License
Gp::
Gp interface between SGSN and GGSN; uses GTP protocol
GPS::
Global Positioning System; provides a highly accurate clock reference
besides the global position
GSM::
Global System for Mobile Communications. ETSI/3GPP Standard of a 2G
digital cellular network
GSMTAP::
GSM tap; pseudo standard for encapsulating GSM protocol layers over
UDP/IP for analysis
GTP::
GPRS Tunnel Protocol; used between SGSN and GGSN
HLR::
Home Location Register; central subscriber database of a GSM network
HPLMN::
Home PLMN; the network that has issued the subscriber SIM and has his record in HLR
IE::
Information Element
IMEI::
International Mobile Equipment Identity; unique identifier for the mobile phone
IMSI::
International Mobile Subscriber Identity; 15-digit unique identifier
for the subscriber/SIM; starts with MCC/MNC of issuing operator
IP::
Internet Protocol (_IETF RFC 791_ <<ietf-rfc791>>)
IPA::
_ip.access GSM over IP_ protocol; used to multiplex a single TCP connection
LAC::
Location Area Code; 16bit identifier of Location Area within network
LAPD::
Link Access Protocol, D-Channel (_ITU-T Q.921_ <<itu-t-q921>>)
LAPDm::
Link Access Protocol Mobile (_3GPP TS 44.006_ <<3gpp-ts-44-006>>)
LLC::
Logical Link Control; GPRS protocol between MS and SGSN (_3GPP TS
44.064_ <<3gpp-ts-44-064>>)
Location Area::
Location Area; a geographic area containing multiple BTS
MCC::
Mobile Country Code; unique identifier of a country, e.g. 262 for Germany
MFF::
Machine-to-Machine Form Factor; a SIM chip package that is soldered
permanently onto M2M device circuit boards.
MGW::
Media Gateway
MM::
Mobility Management; part of the GSM Layer 3 Protocol
MNC::
Mobile Network Code; identifies network within a country; assigned by national regulator
MNO::
Mobile Network Operator; operator with physical radio network under his MCC/MNC
MS::
Mobile Station; a mobile phone / GSM Modem
MSC::
Mobile Switching Center; network element in the circuit-switched
core network
MSISDN::
Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number; telephone number of the subscriber
MVNO::
Mobile Virtual Network Operator; Operator without physical radio network
NCC::
Network Color Code; assigned by national regulator
NITB::
Network In The Box; combines functionality traditionally provided
by BSC, MSC, VLR, HLR, SMSC functions; see OsmoNITB
NSEI::
NS Entity Identifier
NVCI::
NS Virtual Circuit Identifier
NWL::
Network Listen; ability of some BTS to receive downlink from other BTSs
NS::
Network Service; protocol on Gb interface (_3GPP TS 48.016_ <<3gpp-ts-48-016>>)
OCXO::
Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator; very high precision oscillator,
superior to a VCTCXO
OML::
Operation & Maintenance Link (ETSI/_3GPP TS 52.021_ <<3gpp-ts-52-021>>)
OpenBSC::
Open Source implementation of GSM network elements, specifically OsmoBSC, OsmoNITB, OsmoSGSN
OpenGGSN::
Open Source implementation of a GPRS Packet Control Unit
OpenVPN::
Open-Source Virtual Private Network; software employed to establish
encrypted private networks over untrusted public networks
Osmocom::
Open Source MObile COMmunications; collaborative community for
implementing communications protocols and systems, including GSM, GPRS,
TETRA, DECT, GMR and others
OsmoBSC::
Open Source implementation of a GSM Base Station Controller
OsmoNITB::
Open Source implementation of a GSM Network In The Box, combines
functionality traditionally provided by BSC, MSC, VLR, HLR, AUC, SMSC
OsmoSGSN::
Open Source implementation of a Serving GPRS Support Node
OsmoPCU::
Open Source implementation of a GPRS Packet Control Unit
OTA::
Over-The-Air; Capability of operators to remotely
reconfigure/reprogram ISM/USIM cards
PCH::
Paging Channel on downlink Um interface; used by network to page an MS
PCU::
Packet Control Unit; used to manage Layer 2 of the GPRS radio interface
PDCH::
Packet Data Channel on Um interface; used for GPRS/EDGE signalling + user data
PIN::
Personal Identification Number; a number by which the user
authenticates to a SIM/USIM or other smart card
PLMN::
Public Land Mobile Network; specification language for a single GSM network
PUK::
PIN Unblocking Code; used to unblock a blocked PIN (after too many
wrong PIN attempts)
RAC::
Routing Area Code; 16bit identifier for a Routing Area within a Location Area
RACH::
Random Access Channel on uplink Um interface; used by MS to request
establishment of a dedicated channel
RAM::
Remote Application Management; Ability to remotely manage
(install, remove) Java Applications on SIM/USIM Card
RF::
Radio Frequency
RFM::
Remote File Management; Ability to remotely manage (write, read)
files on a SIM/USIM card
Roaming::
Procedure in which a subscriber of one network is using the radio
network of another network, often in different countries; in some
countries national roaming exists
Routing Area::
Routing Area; GPRS specific sub-division of Location Area
RR::
Radio Resources; Part of the GSM Layer 3 Protocol
RSL::
Radio Signalling Link (_3GPP TS 48.058_ <<3gpp-ts-48-058>>)
RTP::
Real-Time Transport Protocol (_IETF RFC 3550_ <<ietf-rfc3550>>); Used to
transport audio/video streams over UDP/IP
SACCH::
Slow Associate Control Channel on Um interface; bundled to a TCH or
SDCCH, used for signalling in parallel to active dedicated channel
SDCCH::
Slow Dedicated Control Channel on Um interface; used for signalling
and SMS transport in GSM
SDK::
Software Development Kit
SIM::
Subscriber Identity Module; small chip card storing subscriber identity
Site::
A site is a location where one or more BTSs are installed,
typically three BTSs for three sectors
SMPP::
Short Message Peer-to-Peer; TCP based protocol to interface external
entities with an SMSC
SMSC::
Short Message Service Center; store-and-forward relay for short messages
SSH::
Secure Shell; _IETF RFC 4250_ <<ietf-rfc4251>> to 4254
syslog::
System logging service of UNIX-like operating systems
System Information::
A set of downlink messages on the BCCH and SACCH of the Um interface
describing properties of the cell and network
TCH::
Traffic Channel; used for circuit-switched user traffic (mostly voice)
in GSM
TCP::
Transmission Control Protocol; (_IETF RFC 793_ <<ietf-rfc793>>)
TFTP::
Trivial File Transfer Protocol; (_IETF RFC 1350_ <<ietf-rfc1350>>)
TRX::
Transceiver; element of a BTS serving a single carrier
u-Boot::
Boot loader used in various embedded systems
UBI::
An MTD wear leveling system to deal with NAND flash in Linux
UBL::
Initial bootloader loaded by the TI Davinci SoC
UDP::
User Datagram Protocol (_IETF RFC 768_ <<ietf-rfc768>>)
UICC::
Universal Integrated Chip Card; A smart card according to _ETSI
TR 102 216_ <<etsi-tr102216>>
Um interface::
U mobile; Radio interface between MS and BTS
uplink::
Direction of messages: Signals from the mobile phone towards the network
USIM::
Universal Subscriber Identity Module; application running on a UICC
to provide subscriber identity for UMTS and GSM networks
VCTCXO::
Voltage Controlled, Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator; a
precision oscillator, superior to a classic crystal oscillator, but
inferior to an OCXO
VPLMN::
Visited PLMN; the network in which the subscriber is currently
registered; may differ from HPLMN when on roaming
VTY::
Virtual TeletYpe; a textual command-line interface for configuration
and introspection, e.g. the OsmoBSC configuration file as well as
its telnet link on port 4242