416 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
416 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
[glossary]
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== Glossary
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2FF::
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2nd Generation Form Factor; the so-called plug-in SIM form factor
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3FF::
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3rd Generation Form Factor; the so-called microSIM form factor
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3GPP::
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3rd Generation Partnership Project
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4FF::
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4th Generation Form Factor; the so-called nanoSIM form factor
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A Interface::
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Interface between BTS and BSC, traditionally over E1 (_3GPP TS 48.008_
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<<3gpp-ts-48-008>>)
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A3/A8::
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Algorithm 3 and 8; Authentication and key generation algorithm in GSM
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and GPRS, typically COMP128v1/v2/v3 or MILENAGE are typically used
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A5::
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Algorithm 5; Air-interface encryption of GSM; currently only A5/0
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(no encryption), A5/1 and A5/3 are in use
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Abis Interface::
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Interface between BTS and BSC, traditionally over E1 (_3GPP TS 48.058_
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<<3gpp-ts-48-058>> and _3GPP TS 52.021_ <<3gpp-ts-52-021>>)
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ACC::
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Access Control Class; every BTS broadcasts a bit-mask of permitted
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ACC, and only subscribers with a SIM of matching ACC are permitted
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to use that BTS
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AGCH::
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Access Grant Channel on Um interface; used to assign a dedicated
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channel in response to RACH request
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AGPL::
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GNU Affero General Public License, a copyleft-style Free Software License
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AQPSK::
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Adaptive QPSK, a modulation scheme used by VAMOS channels on Downlink
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ARFCN::
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Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number; specifies a tuple of uplink
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and downlink frequencies
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AUC::
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Authentication Center; central database of authentication key material
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for each subscriber
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BCCH::
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Broadcast Control Channel on Um interface; used to broadcast
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information about Cell and its neighbors
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BCC::
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Base Station Color Code; short identifier of BTS, lower part of BSIC
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BTS::
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Base Transceiver Station
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BSC::
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Base Station Controller
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BSIC::
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Base Station Identity Code; 16bit identifier of BTS within location area
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BSSGP::
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Base Station Subsystem Gateway Protocol (_3GPP TS 48.018_ <<3gpp-ts-48-018>>)
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BVCI::
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BSSGP Virtual Circuit Identifier
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CBC::
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Cell Broadcast Centre; central entity of Cell Broadcast service
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CBCH::
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Cell Broadcast Channel; used to transmit Cell Broadcast SMS (SMS-CB)
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CBS::
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Cell Broadcast Service
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CBSP::
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Cell Broadcast Service Protocol (_3GPP TS 48.049_ <<3gpp-ts-48-049>>)
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CC::
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Call Control; Part of the GSM Layer 3 Protocol
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CCCH::
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Common Control Channel on Um interface; consists of RACH (uplink),
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BCCH, PCH, AGCH (all downlink)
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Cell::
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A cell in a cellular network, served by a BTS
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CEPT::
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Conférence européenne des administrations des postes et des
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télécommunications; European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications
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Administrations.
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CGI::
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Cell Global Identifier comprised of MCC, MNC, LAC and BSIC
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CSFB::
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Circiut-Switched Fall Back; Mechanism for switching from LTE/EUTRAN to UTRAN/GERAN when circuit-switched
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services such as voice telephony are required.
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dB::
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deci-Bel; relative logarithmic unit
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dBm::
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deci-Bel (milliwatt); unit of measurement for signal strength of radio
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signals
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DHCP::
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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (_IETF RFC 2131_ <<ietf-rfc2131>>)
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downlink::
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Direction of messages / signals from the network core towards the
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mobile phone
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DSCP::
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Differentiated Services Code Point (_IETF RFC 2474_ <<ietf-rfc2474>>)
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DSP::
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Digital Signal Processor
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dvnixload::
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Tool to program UBL and the Bootloader on a sysmoBTS
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EDGE::
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Enhanced Data rates for GPRS Evolution; Higher-speed improvement of
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GPRS; introduces 8PSK
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EGPRS::
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Enhanced GPRS; the part of EDGE relating to GPRS services
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EIR::
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Equipment Identity Register; core network element that stores and manages
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IMEI numbers
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ESME::
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External SMS Entity; an external application interfacing with a SMSC
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over SMPP
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ETSI::
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European Telecommunications Standardization Institute
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FPGA::
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Field Programmable Gate Array; programmable digital logic hardware
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Gb::
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Interface between PCU and SGSN in GPRS/EDGE network; uses NS, BSSGP, LLC
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GERAN::
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GPRS/EDGE Radio Access Network
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ifdef::gfdl-enabled[]
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GFDL::
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GNU Free Documentation License; a copyleft-style Documentation License
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endif::[]
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GGSN::
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GPRS Gateway Support Node; gateway between GPRS and external (IP) network
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GMSK::
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Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying; modulation used for GSM and GPRS
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GPL::
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GNU General Public License, a copyleft-style Free Software License
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Gp::
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Gp interface between SGSN and GGSN; uses GTP protocol
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GPRS::
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General Packet Radio Service; the packet switched 2G technology
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GPS::
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Global Positioning System; provides a highly accurate clock reference
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besides the global position
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GSM::
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Global System for Mobile Communications. ETSI/3GPP Standard of a 2G
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digital cellular network
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GSMTAP::
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GSM tap; pseudo standard for encapsulating GSM protocol layers over
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UDP/IP for analysis
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GSUP::
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Generic Subscriber Update Protocol. Osmocom-specific alternative to TCAP/MAP
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GT::
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Global Title; an address in SCCP
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GTP::
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GPRS Tunnel Protocol; used between SGSN and GGSN
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HLR::
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Home Location Register; central subscriber database of a GSM network
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HNB-GW::
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Home NodeB Gateway. Entity between femtocells (Home NodeB) and CN in 3G/UMTS.
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HPLMN::
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Home PLMN; the network that has issued the subscriber SIM and has his record in HLR
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IE::
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Information Element
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IMEI::
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International Mobile Equipment Identity; unique 14-digit decimal number to
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globally identify a mobile device, optionally with a 15th checksum digit
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IMEISV::
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IMEI software version; unique 14-digit decimal number to globally identify a
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mobile device (same as IMEI) plus two software version digits (total digits: 16)
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IMSI::
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International Mobile Subscriber Identity; 15-digit unique identifier
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for the subscriber/SIM; starts with MCC/MNC of issuing operator
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IP::
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Internet Protocol (_IETF RFC 791_ <<ietf-rfc791>>)
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IPA::
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_ip.access GSM over IP_ protocol; used to multiplex a single TCP connection
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Iu::
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Interface in 3G/UMTS between RAN and CN
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IuCS::
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Iu interface for circuit-switched domain. Used in 3G/UMTS between RAN and MSC
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IuPS::
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Iu interface for packet-switched domain. Used in 3G/UMTS between RAN and SGSN
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LAC::
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Location Area Code; 16bit identifier of Location Area within network
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LAPD::
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Link Access Protocol, D-Channel (_ITU-T Q.921_ <<itu-t-q921>>)
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LAPDm::
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Link Access Protocol Mobile (_3GPP TS 44.006_ <<3gpp-ts-44-006>>)
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LLC::
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Logical Link Control; GPRS protocol between MS and SGSN (_3GPP TS
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44.064_ <<3gpp-ts-44-064>>)
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Location Area::
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Location Area; a geographic area containing multiple BTS
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LU::
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Location Updating; can be of type IMSI-Attach or Periodic. Procedure that
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indicates a subscriber's physical presence in a given radio cell.
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M2PA::
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MTP2 Peer-to-Peer Adaptation; a SIGTRAN Variant (_RFC 4165_ <<ietf-rfc4165>>)
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M2UA::
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MTP2 User Adaptation; a SIGTRAN Variant (_RFC 3331_ <<ietf-rfc3331>>)
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M3UA::
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MTP3 User Adaptation; a SIGTRAN Variant (_RFC 4666_ <<ietf-rfc4666>>)
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MCC::
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Mobile Country Code; unique identifier of a country, e.g. 262 for Germany
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MFF::
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Machine-to-Machine Form Factor; a SIM chip package that is soldered
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permanently onto M2M device circuit boards.
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MGW::
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Media Gateway
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MM::
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Mobility Management; part of the GSM Layer 3 Protocol
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MNC::
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Mobile Network Code; identifies network within a country; assigned by national regulator
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MNCC::
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Mobile Network Call Control; Unix domain socket based Interface between MSC and external call control entity
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like osmo-sip-connector
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MNO::
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Mobile Network Operator; operator with physical radio network under his MCC/MNC
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MO::
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Mobile Originated. Direction from Mobile (MS/UE) to Network
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MS::
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Mobile Station; a mobile phone / GSM Modem
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MSC::
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Mobile Switching Center; network element in the circuit-switched
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core network
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MSC pool::
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A number of redundant MSCs serving the same core network, which a BSC / RNC
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distributes load across; see also the "MSC Pooling" chapter in OsmoBSC's user
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manual <<userman-osmobsc>> and _3GPP TS 23.236_ <<3gpp-ts-23-236>>
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MSISDN::
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Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number; telephone number of the subscriber
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MT::
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Mobile Terminated. Direction from Network to Mobile (MS/UE)
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MTP::
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Message Transfer Part; SS7 signaling protocol (_ITU-T Q.701_ <<itu-t-q701>>)
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MVNO::
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Mobile Virtual Network Operator; Operator without physical radio network
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NCC::
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Network Color Code; assigned by national regulator
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NITB::
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Network In The Box; combines functionality traditionally provided
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by BSC, MSC, VLR, HLR, SMSC functions; see OsmoNITB
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NRI::
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Network Resource Indicator, typically 10 bits of a TMSI indicating which MSC
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of an MSC pool attached the subscriber; see also the "MSC Pooling" chapter in
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OsmoBSC's user manual <<userman-osmobsc>> and _3GPP TS 23.236_ <<3gpp-ts-23-236>>
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NSEI::
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NS Entity Identifier
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NVCI::
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NS Virtual Circuit Identifier
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NWL::
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Network Listen; ability of some BTS to receive downlink from other BTSs
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NS::
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Network Service; protocol on Gb interface (_3GPP TS 48.016_ <<3gpp-ts-48-016>>)
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OCXO::
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Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator; very high precision oscillator,
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superior to a VCTCXO
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OML::
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Operation & Maintenance Link (ETSI/_3GPP TS 52.021_ <<3gpp-ts-52-021>>)
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OpenBSC::
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Open Source implementation of GSM network elements, specifically OsmoBSC, OsmoNITB, OsmoSGSN
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OpenGGSN::
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Open Source implementation of a GPRS Packet Control Unit
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OpenVPN::
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Open-Source Virtual Private Network; software employed to establish
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encrypted private networks over untrusted public networks
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Osmocom::
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Open Source MObile COMmunications; collaborative community for
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implementing communications protocols and systems, including GSM, GPRS,
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TETRA, DECT, GMR and others
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OsmoBSC::
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Open Source implementation of a GSM Base Station Controller
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OsmoNITB::
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Open Source implementation of a GSM Network In The Box, combines
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functionality traditionally provided by BSC, MSC, VLR, HLR, AUC, SMSC
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OsmoSGSN::
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Open Source implementation of a Serving GPRS Support Node
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OsmoPCU::
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Open Source implementation of a GPRS Packet Control Unit
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OTA::
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Over-The-Air; Capability of operators to remotely
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reconfigure/reprogram ISM/USIM cards
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PC::
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Point Code; an address in MTP
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PCH::
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Paging Channel on downlink Um interface; used by network to page an MS
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PCP::
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Priority Code Point (_IEEE 802.1Q_ <<ieee-802.11>>)
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PCU::
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Packet Control Unit; used to manage Layer 2 of the GPRS radio interface
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PDCH::
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Packet Data Channel on Um interface; used for GPRS/EDGE signalling + user data
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PIN::
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Personal Identification Number; a number by which the user
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authenticates to a SIM/USIM or other smart card
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PLMN::
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Public Land Mobile Network; specification language for a single GSM network
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PUK::
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PIN Unblocking Code; used to unblock a blocked PIN (after too many
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wrong PIN attempts)
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RAC::
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Routing Area Code; 16bit identifier for a Routing Area within a Location Area
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RACH::
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Random Access Channel on uplink Um interface; used by MS to request
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establishment of a dedicated channel
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RAM::
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Remote Application Management; Ability to remotely manage
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(install, remove) Java Applications on SIM/USIM Card
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RF::
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Radio Frequency
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RFM::
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Remote File Management; Ability to remotely manage (write, read)
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files on a SIM/USIM card
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Roaming::
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Procedure in which a subscriber of one network is using the radio
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network of another network, often in different countries; in some
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countries national roaming exists
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Routing Area::
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Routing Area; GPRS specific sub-division of Location Area
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RR::
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Radio Resources; Part of the GSM Layer 3 Protocol
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RSL::
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Radio Signalling Link (_3GPP TS 48.058_ <<3gpp-ts-48-058>>)
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RTP::
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Real-Time Transport Protocol (_IETF RFC 3550_ <<ietf-rfc3550>>); Used to
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transport audio/video streams over UDP/IP
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SACCH::
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Slow Associate Control Channel on Um interface; bundled to a TCH or
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SDCCH, used for signalling in parallel to active dedicated channel
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SCCP::
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Signaling Connection Control Part; SS7 signaling protocol (_ITU-T Q.711_ <<itu-t-q711>>)
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SDCCH::
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Slow Dedicated Control Channel on Um interface; used for signalling
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and SMS transport in GSM
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SDK::
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Software Development Kit
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SGs::
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Interface between MSC (GSM/UMTS) and MME (LTE/EPC) to facilitate CSFB and SMS.
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SGSN::
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Serving GPRS Support Node; Core network element for packet-switched services in GSM and UMTS.
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SIGTRAN::
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Signaling Transport over IP (_IETF RFC 2719_ <<ietf-rfc2719>>)
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SIM::
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Subscriber Identity Module; small chip card storing subscriber identity
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Site::
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A site is a location where one or more BTSs are installed,
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typically three BTSs for three sectors
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SMPP::
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Short Message Peer-to-Peer; TCP based protocol to interface external
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entities with an SMSC
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SMSC::
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Short Message Service Center; store-and-forward relay for short messages
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SS7::
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Signaling System No. 7; Classic digital telephony signaling system
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SS::
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Supplementary Services; query and set various service parameters between
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subscriber and core network (e.g. USSD, 3rd-party calls, hold/retrieve,
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advice-of-charge, call deflection)
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SSH::
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Secure Shell; _IETF RFC 4250_ <<ietf-rfc4251>> to 4254
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SSN::
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Sub-System Number; identifies a given SCCP Service such as MSC, HLR
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STP::
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Signaling Transfer Point; A Router in SS7 Networks
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SUA::
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SCCP User Adaptation; a SIGTRAN Variant (_RFC 3868_ <<ietf-rfc3868>>)
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syslog::
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System logging service of UNIX-like operating systems
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System Information::
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A set of downlink messages on the BCCH and SACCH of the Um interface
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describing properties of the cell and network
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TCH::
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Traffic Channel; used for circuit-switched user traffic (mostly voice)
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in GSM
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TCP::
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Transmission Control Protocol; (_IETF RFC 793_ <<ietf-rfc793>>)
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TFTP::
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Trivial File Transfer Protocol; (_IETF RFC 1350_ <<ietf-rfc1350>>)
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TOS::
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Type Of Service; bit-field in IPv4 header, now re-used as DSCP (_IETF RFC 791_ <<ietf-rfc791>>)
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TRX::
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Transceiver; element of a BTS serving a single carrier
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TS::
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Technical Specification
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u-Boot::
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Boot loader used in various embedded systems
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UBI::
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An MTD wear leveling system to deal with NAND flash in Linux
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UBL::
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Initial bootloader loaded by the TI Davinci SoC
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UDP::
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User Datagram Protocol (_IETF RFC 768_ <<ietf-rfc768>>)
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UICC::
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Universal Integrated Chip Card; A smart card according to _ETSI
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TR 102 216_ <<etsi-tr102216>>
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Um interface::
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U mobile; Radio interface between MS and BTS
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uplink::
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Direction of messages: Signals from the mobile phone towards the network
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USIM::
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Universal Subscriber Identity Module; application running on a UICC
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to provide subscriber identity for UMTS and GSM networks
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USSD::
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Unstructured Supplementary Service Data; textual dialog between subscriber
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and core network, e.g. '*#100#' -> 'Your extension is 1234'
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VAMOS::
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Voice services over Adaptive Multi-user channels on One Slot; an optional
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extension for GSM specified in Release 9 of 3GPP GERAN specifications
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(_3GPP TS 48.018_ <<3gpp-ts-48-018>>) allowing two independent UEs to
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transmit and receive simultaneously on traffic channels
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VCTCXO::
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Voltage Controlled, Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator; a
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precision oscillator, superior to a classic crystal oscillator, but
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inferior to an OCXO
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VLAN::
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Virtual LAN in the context of Ethernet (_IEEE 802.1Q_ <<ieee-802.1q>>)
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VLR::
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Visitor Location Register; volatile storage of attached subscribers in
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the MSC
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VPLMN::
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Visited PLMN; the network in which the subscriber is currently
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registered; may differ from HPLMN when on roaming
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VTY::
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Virtual TeletYpe; a textual command-line interface for configuration
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and introspection, e.g. the OsmoBSC configuration file as well as
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its telnet link on port 4242
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