Version 2.0.52
* NT mode is only physical connection, ISDN protocols for NT mode currently not available * IRQ sharing: supported, but BIOS bug with some motherboards may give trouble * Sedlbauer: analog modem supported up to 14400 * Troubleshooting: call yourself, then check for 'Call from 0,1,2345 -> 6789' * Dialout on fixed B channel: undocumented HiSax feature * dod_netscape: more potential dialout problems, and workarounds * dod_closeipconnect: solution probably only possible with RST-Provoking patch, but workaround with firewall rules for 2.2.x kernels * Split line: can configure split line (1 B channel leased, 1 = dialout), but can only use one at any point in time * fixed DTMF parameter names
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FAQ/i4lfaq.sgml
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FAQ/i4lfaq.sgml
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
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<title>FAQ for isdn4linux
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<author>Matthias Hessler (<tt><htmlurl url="mailto:hessler@isdn4linux.de" name="hessler@isdn4linux.de"></tt>)
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<date>v2.0.51, 3. December 2000
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<date>v2.0.52, 30. December 2000
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<abstract>
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If you are reading this FAQ online, you may consider downloading the whole
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thing, and reading it offline (much cheaper). To download the latest
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@ -575,8 +575,8 @@ difference: <ref id="glossary_pointtopointmode" name="glossary_pointtopointmode"
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<label id="feature_ntmode">
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<p>
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Yes, isdn4linux does support it, but only for a few special cards.
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See question <ref id="feature_crossedcable" name="feature_crossedcable"> for details. In the
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glossary there is more information on what the NT mode is:
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See question <ref id="feature_crossedcable" name="feature_crossedcable">
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for details. In the glossary there is more information on what the NT mode is:
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<ref id="glossary_ntmode" name="glossary_ntmode">.
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<sect1> feature_crossedcable: Can isdn4linux directly connect two
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@ -591,8 +591,13 @@ Use the following command to start the ISDN card in NT mode:
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<code>
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hisaxctrl <id> 98 1
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</code>
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However, make sure that the crossed cable is terminated even if it is
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very short. Some HFC card already have jumpers for termination.
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Make sure that the crossed cable is terminated even if it is very short.
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Some HFC card already have jumpers for termination.
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However, this will only give you the physical connection. Up to now
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isdn4linux does not (yet?) implement the higher level ISDN protocol DSS1
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(this means that isdn4linux can not pretend to an ISDN device that it is
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an ISDN exchange, and give it the proper ISDN commands).
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<sect1> feature_lcr: Can isdn4linux do least cost routing (LCR)?
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<label id="feature_lcr">
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@ -852,8 +857,7 @@ Note:
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<item>Eicon Diva U interface not tested
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<item>Some cards do not work when compiled into the kernel, only when
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<item>Asuscom card: please note that the ISA version is a different type
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(12) then the PCI version (35 or 36)!
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started as modules
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(12) then the PCI version (35 for HFC chip or 36 for Winbond chip)!
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<item>To distinguish between HFC-PCI and PCI/Winbond, have a look at the
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output of <tt>cat /proc/pci</tt>. You have HFC-PCI if you have a line
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saying "Master capable" for your card.
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@ -949,6 +953,16 @@ Even though one thinks that some IRQs are available they are still somehow
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reserved by the BIOS. Good IRQs to try are always IRQ 5 and IRQ 9. Without mice
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or modems you could also try 4 and 3, which works even on very exotic boards.
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<sect1> hardware_irqsharing: Can the isdn4linux driver work with shared
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interrupts?
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<label id="hardware_irqsharing">
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<p>
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Yes, the drivers have been written to work with shared interrupts. However,
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at least for the AVM Fritz!PCI card occasional problems have been reported
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for motherboards with a BIOS bug (DFI motherboards K6BV3+, P5BV3+ K6XV3).
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Try to disable the BIOS option <tt>CPU to PCI WRITE Buffer</tt> in those
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cases as a workaround.
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<sect1> hardware_s2m: Which S2M cards are supported?
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<label id="hardware_s2m">
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<p>
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@ -1116,14 +1130,15 @@ Cable abcd --abcd--
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<label id="hardware_sedlbauer">
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<p>
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It is a semiactive card based on the ISAR chipset which supports
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sending/receiving faxes. It is special in that you use it with HiSax which
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normally works only for passive cards. However, as all active card you have
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to load its firmware (in this case after loading HiSax) from the file
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ISAR.BIN, which is part of the isdn4k-utils.
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sending/receiving faxes and an analog modem up to 14400. It is special in
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that you use it with HiSax which normally works only for passive cards.
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However, as all active card you have to load its firmware (in this case
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after loading HiSax) from the file ISAR.BIN, which is part of the
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isdn4k-utils.
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Please note that compression (V42bis, MNP) are not implemented in firmware,
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and therefore not supported. The ideal init string for the card to allow
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modem dialin is <tt>AT%C0\N0</tt>.
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and therefore not supported when using the analog modem. The ideal init
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string for the card to allow modem dialin is <tt>AT%C0\N0</tt>.
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<sect1> hardware_teles: What should I know about before buying an ISDN card
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from Teles?
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@ -1188,6 +1203,10 @@ ISA/PNP card have the same type (27), hisax will assume an ISA/PNP card
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if you pass an io address, and a PCI card if you do NOT pass an io address.
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Make sure to give the parameters properly.
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If the interrupt for the card is shared with other devices and your card does
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not work, then there could be an issue with the motherboard. See question
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<ref id="hardware_irqsharing" name="hardware_irqsharing"> for this.
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One very interesting thing: the Fritz! card is currently the only passive card
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for which a capi driver exists. As a result, it can be configured to fax.
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See question <ref id="feature_capi" name="feature_capi"> and
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@ -1694,9 +1713,18 @@ The old Teles driver, on the other hand, will appear to start even if
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it is not working. See the questions under Troubleshooting Teles.
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<item>Make sure you configured the ISDN driver either as modules, or you
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compiled them into the kernel - never both.
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<item>Try calling with a telephone. The number should be shown in
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/var/log/messages. Otherwise, perhaps the driver was incorrectly
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started?!
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<item>Try calling your dialin number with a telephone. The number should be
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shown in <tt>/var/log/messages</tt>. Check for a line like this:
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<code>
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Call from 0,1,2345 -> 6789
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</code>
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This means that on channel 0 a call from 2345 with service indicator (SI) 1
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(1 = voice; data would be 7) to MSN 6789 was received. Now at least you know
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that you have to configure your MSN to 6789 (or whatever other number you
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find there), and that your isdn4linux kernel driver understand ISDN
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commands coming from your ISDN card properly. If instead of the number 2345
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you find a 0, then your ISDN provider does not pass you the caller id.
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If you don't find such a line: perhaps the driver was incorrectly started?!
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<item>As a next step we'll try to get the telephone or fax to ring by dialing
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ourself using a ttyI device with minicom. First we have to change the service
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recognition with the <tt>ATS18=1</tt> command to audio. Now you can get the
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@ -2410,6 +2438,8 @@ Check out these special dialout features:
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see section <ref id="chargeint" name="chargeint">.
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<item> Dialout on more than 1 channel at the same time:
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see section <ref id="2channel" name="2channel">.
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<item> Dialout on one specific channel:
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see question <ref id="dialout_fixedchannel" name="dialout_fixedchannel">.
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<item> Callback:
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see section <ref id="callback" name="callback">.
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</itemize>
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now only dial out with MSN 777 on <carddriver2>.
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</itemize>
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<sect1> dialout_fixedchannel: How can I force HiSax to always dial out on
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a specific B channel?
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<label id="dialout_fixedchannel">
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<p>
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HiSax has an undocumented feature for this. Add 'P1' in front of the dialout
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phone number for the first B channel, or 'P2' for the second B channel, like
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this:
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<code>
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isdnctrl addphone <device> out P1<your_out_number>
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</code>
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Please note that then a dialout will fail when another device already uses
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the second B channel.
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<sect1> dialout_bind: A dns query causes bind to dial out. Why does it take
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about a minute before it is answered? How do I work around it?
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<label id="dialout_bind">
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trigger a dialout. Since your ISP uses dynamic ip addresses, the request
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is sent out with the wrong ip address at startup of the dial-in connection.
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Therefore, no answer will be received. Bind waits for one minute
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before resubmitting. Since your line has come down in the mean time, this
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before resubmitting. If your line has come down in the mean time, this
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will trigger a new dialout, resulting in a different ip address, and so on...
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For a workaround to this problem you can shorten the retransmission time
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@ -3645,28 +3688,43 @@ Only a home page that Netscape is able to load immediately (e.g.
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dialout. Alternatively you can also set up a cache daemon that saves pages that
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are often needed.
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A proxy should not cause a dial out, even when the complete name is
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entered. Only when a new proxy is given does Netscape do a DNS
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lookup (and in this special case cause a dialout.
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However, on 17 Mar 97 Steffan Henke
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<tt><htmlurl url="mailto:henker@informatik.uni-bremen.de" name="henker@informatik.uni-bremen.de"></tt>
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wrote:
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<quote>
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Unfortunately reality has caught up with us. I've heard that
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Netscape now in version.4.02 really does establish a
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connection...
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</quote>
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Second check your proxy settings. When giving a complete name instead of an
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ip address, Netscape may try to do a DNS lookup to resolve the name to an
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ip address on startup. In this case provide Netscape with an ip address.
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Another thing is that Netscape tries to contact its news server. If you don't
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want to use this feature then you can enter the name Netscape uses for lookup
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(probably 'news') in your local DNS or in your /etc/hosts, and let it point
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to localhost.
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<sect1> dod_closeipconnect: After closing the line, I discover with
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<tt>netstat -nt</tt> that IP connections are still open. How can I close
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these manually?
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<label id="dod_closeipconnect">
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<p>
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You can bring the interface &dquot;down&dquot; then back &dquot;up&dquot;. When
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you do this, it will try to dial out. But if you have removed the outgoing
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telephone number, then &dquot;no outgoing number...&dquot; appears in the
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syslog, and as soon as the interface is &dquot;up&dquot;, all connections will
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be closed.
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This may only work with the RST-Revoking patch (mentioned in question
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<ref id="dod_causes" name="dod_causes">): You can bring the interface
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&dquot;down&dquot; then back &dquot;up&dquot;. When you do this, it will
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try to dial out. But if you have removed the outgoing telephone number,
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then &dquot;no outgoing number...&dquot; appears in the syslog, and as
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soon as the interface is &dquot;up&dquot;, all connections will be closed.
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You can prevent those open IP connections to trigger new dialouts if you
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add a special firewall rule in <tt>/etc/ppp/ip-down</tt>, and remove it
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in <tt>/etc/ppp/ip-up</tt>. This firewall rule drops all tcp packets
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which are not in SYNSENT state. Add this in <tt>/etc/ppp/ip-down</tt> for
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a 2.2.x kernel:
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<code>
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ipchains -A output -j DENY -p tcp -i <interface> ! -y
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</code>
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Add this in <tt>/etc/ppp/ip-up</tt>:
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<code>
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ipchains -A output -j DENY -p tcp -i <interface> ! -y
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</code>
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(As is the case for all firewall rules: it is best to put this into a
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separate script which is called with either a start or a stop parameter.)
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Please note that this firewall rule only matches whole packets, no fragments.
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A fragment will always bypass the firewall and trigger a dialout.
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<sect1> dod_onlineoncrash: Is it possible that even with a crashed computer
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a ISDN connection remains open (and the charge units accumulate)?
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and the other as a dialup line?
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<label id="leased_splitline">
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<p>
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Yes, you can. But you have to make sure that you use the correct channel.
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Yes and no. You can configure HiSax for both at the same time, however you can
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only use one of them at any point in time (you have to switch off the leased
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line before dialing out). It may work occasionally simultaneously, however
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the driver has not been written for it so the results are not deterministic.
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Also make sure that you use the correct channel.
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<!-- Dialin
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@ -4594,13 +4656,13 @@ be able to hear something.
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<sect1> audio_dtmf: How can I improve the recognition of (DTMF) dial tones?
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<label id="audio_dtmf">
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<p>
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You can adjust the parameters DTMF_THRESH and H2_THRESH in file
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You can adjust the parameters DTMF_TRESH, SILENCE_TRESH, and H2_TRESH in file
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<tt>linux/drivers/isdn/isdn_audio.c</tt>. A DTMF tone is recognized
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if the amplitude of the correct frequency is larger than DTMF_THRESH
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if the amplitude of the correct frequency is larger than DTMF_TRESH
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and the amplitude of the second harmonian frequency is smaller than
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H2_THRESH.
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H2_TRESH.
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If a dial tone is recognized when no dialing took place, try to increase
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DTMF_THRESH and/or decrease H2_THRESH. However, test with many
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DTMF_TRESH and/or decrease H2_TRESH. However, test with many
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telephones - the current parameters were already set after some tuning.
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