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README
======
README for NuttX port to the LPC4330-Xplorer board from NGX Technologies
featuring the NXP LPC4330FET100 MCU
Contents
========
- LPC4330-Xplorer development board
- Development Environment
- GNU Toolchain Options
- IDEs
- NuttX buildroot Toolchain
- USB Device Controller Functions
- FPU
- LPC4330-Xplorer Configuration Options
- USB Host Configuration
- Configurations
LPC4330-Xplorer board
=====================
Memory Map
----------
Block Start Length
Name Address
--------------------- ---------- ------
RAM 0x10000000 128K
RAM2 0x10080000 72K
RAMAHB 0x20000000 32K
RAMAHB2 0x20008000 16K
RAMAHB3 0x2000c000 16K
SPIFI flash 0x1e000000 4096K
GPIO Usage:
-----------
GPIO PIN SIGNAL NAME
-------------------------------- ------- --------------
gpio1[12] - LED D2 J10-20 LED1
gpio1[11] - LED D3 J10-17 LED2
gpio0[7] - User Button SW2 J8-25 BTN1
Console
-------
The LPC4330-Xplorer default console is the USB1 virtual COM port (VCOM).
Development Environment
=======================
Either Linux or Cygwin on Windows can be used for the development environment.
The source has been built only using the GNU toolchain (see below). Other
toolchains will likely cause problems. Testing was performed using the Cygwin
environment.
GNU Toolchain Options
=====================
The NuttX make system has been modified to support the following different
toolchain options.
1. The CodeSourcery GNU toolchain,
2. The Atollic Toolchain,
3. The devkitARM GNU toolchain,
4. The NuttX buildroot Toolchain (see below).
All testing has been conducted using the NuttX buildroot toolchain. However,
the make system is setup to default to use the devkitARM toolchain. To use
the CodeSourcery or devkitARM toolchain, you simply need add one of the
following configuration options to your .config (or defconfig) file:
CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYW=y : CodeSourcery under Windows
CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYL=y : CodeSourcery under Linux
CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_LITE=y : The free, "Lite" version of Atollic toolchain under Windows
CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_PRO=y : The paid, "Pro" version of Atollic toolchain under Windows
CONFIG_LPC43_DEVKITARM=y : devkitARM under Windows
CONFIG_LPC43_BUILDROOT=y : NuttX buildroot under Linux or Cygwin (default)
If you are not using CONFIG_LPC43_BUILDROOT, then you may also have to modify
the PATH in the setenv.h file if your make cannot find the tools.
NOTE: the CodeSourcery (for Windows), Atollic and devkitARM toolchains are
Windows native toolchains. The CodeSourcery (for Linux) and NuttX buildroot
toolchains are Cygwin and/or Linux native toolchains. There are several limitations
to using a Windows based toolchain in a Cygwin environment. The three biggest are:
1. The Windows toolchain cannot follow Cygwin paths. Path conversions are
performed automatically in the Cygwin makefiles using the 'cygpath' utility
but you might easily find some new path problems. If so, check out 'cygpath -w'
2. Windows toolchains cannot follow Cygwin symbolic links. Many symbolic links
are used in Nuttx (e.g., include/arch). The make system works around these
problems for the Windows tools by copying directories instead of linking them.
But this can also cause some confusion for you: For example, you may edit
a file in a "linked" directory and find that your changes had no effect.
That is because you are building the copy of the file in the "fake" symbolic
directory. If you use a Windows toolchain, you should get in the habit of
making like this:
make clean_context all
An alias in your .bashrc file might make that less painful.
3. Dependencies are not made when using Windows versions of the GCC. This is
because the dependencies are generated using Windows pathes which do not
work with the Cygwin make.
Support has been added for making dependencies with the windows-native toolchains.
That support can be enabled by modifying your Make.defs file as follows:
- MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mknulldeps.sh
+ MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mkdeps.sh --winpaths "$(TOPDIR)"
If you have problems with the dependency build (for example, if you are not
building on C:), then you may need to modify tools/mkdeps.sh
The CodeSourcery Toolchain (2009q1)
-----------------------------------
The CodeSourcery toolchain (2009q1) does not work with default optimization
level of -Os (See Make.defs). It will work with -O0, -O1, or -O2, but not with
-Os.
The Atollic "Pro" and "Lite" Toolchain
--------------------------------------
One problem that I had with the Atollic toolchains is that the provide a gcc.exe
and g++.exe in the same bin/ file as their ARM binaries. If the Atollic bin/ path
appears in your PATH variable before /usr/bin, then you will get the wrong gcc
when you try to build host executables. This will cause to strange, uninterpretable
errors build some host binaries in tools/ when you first make.
Also, the Atollic toolchains are the only toolchains that have built-in support for
the FPU in these configurations. If you plan to use the Cortex-M4 FPU, you will
need to use the Atollic toolchain for now. See the FPU section below for more
information.
The Atollic "Lite" Toolchain
----------------------------
The free, "Lite" version of the Atollic toolchain does not support C++ nor
does it support ar, nm, objdump, or objdcopy. If you use the Atollic "Lite"
toolchain, you will have to set:
CONFIG_HAVE_CXX=n
In order to compile successfully. Otherwise, you will get errors like:
"C++ Compiler only available in TrueSTUDIO Professional"
The make may then fail in some of the post link processing because of some of
the other missing tools. The Make.defs file replaces the ar and nm with
the default system x86 tool versions and these seem to work okay. Disable all
of the following to avoid using objcopy:
CONFIG_RRLOAD_BINARY=n
CONFIG_INTELHEX_BINARY=n
CONFIG_MOTOROLA_SREC=n
CONFIG_RAW_BINARY=n
devkitARM
---------
The devkitARM toolchain includes a version of MSYS make. Make sure that the
the paths to Cygwin's /bin and /usr/bin directories appear BEFORE the devkitARM
path or will get the wrong version of make.
IDEs
====
NuttX is built using command-line make. It can be used with an IDE, but some
effort will be required to create the project (There is a simple RIDE project
in the RIDE subdirectory).
Makefile Build
--------------
Under Eclipse, it is pretty easy to set up an "empty makefile project" and
simply use the NuttX makefile to build the system. That is almost for free
under Linux. Under Windows, you will need to set up the "Cygwin GCC" empty
makefile project in order to work with Windows (Google for "Eclipse Cygwin" -
there is a lot of help on the internet).
Native Build
------------
Here are a few tips before you start that effort:
1) Select the toolchain that you will be using in your .config file
2) Start the NuttX build at least one time from the Cygwin command line
before trying to create your project. This is necessary to create
certain auto-generated files and directories that will be needed.
3) Set up include pathes: You will need include/, arch/arm/src/lpc17xx,
arch/arm/src/common, arch/arm/src/armv7-m, and sched/.
4) All assembly files need to have the definition option -D __ASSEMBLY__
on the command line.
Startup files will probably cause you some headaches. The NuttX startup file
is arch/arm/src/lpc17x/lpc17_vectors.S.
NuttX buildroot Toolchain
=========================
A GNU GCC-based toolchain is assumed. The files */setenv.sh should
be modified to point to the correct path to the Cortex-M3 GCC toolchain (if
different from the default in your PATH variable).
If you have no Cortex-M3 toolchain, one can be downloaded from the NuttX
SourceForge download site (https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=189573).
This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.
1. You must have already configured Nuttx in <some-dir>/nuttx.
cd tools
./configure.sh lpc4330-xplorer/<sub-dir>
2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>
3. unpack the buildroot tarball. The resulting directory may
have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z. If so,
rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.
4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot
5. cp configs/cortexm3-defconfig-4.3.3 .config
6. make oldconfig
7. make
8. Edit setenv.h, if necessary, so that the PATH variable includes
the path to the newly built binaries.
See the file configs/README.txt in the buildroot source tree. That has more
detailed PLUS some special instructions that you will need to follow if you
are building a Cortex-M3 toolchain for Cygwin under Windows.
NOTE: This is an OABI toolchain.
FPU
===
FPU Configuration Options
-------------------------
There are two version of the FPU support built into the most NuttX Cortex-M4
ports. The current LPC43xx port support only one of these options, the "Non-
Lazy Floating Point Register Save". As a consequence, CONFIG_ARMV7M_CMNVECTOR
must be defined in *all* LPC43xx configuration files.
1. Lazy Floating Point Register Save.
This is an untested implementation that saves and restores FPU registers
only on context switches. This means: (1) floating point registers are
not stored on each context switch and, hence, possibly better interrupt
performance. But, (2) since floating point registers are not saved,
you cannot use floating point operations within interrupt handlers.
This logic can be enabled by simply adding the following to your .config
file:
CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=y
2. Non-Lazy Floating Point Register Save
Mike Smith has contributed an extensive re-write of the ARMv7-M exception
handling logic. This includes verified support for the FPU. These changes
have not yet been incorporated into the mainline and are still considered
experimental. These FPU logic can be enabled with:
CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=y
CONFIG_ARMV7M_CMNVECTOR=y
You will probably also changes to the ld.script in if this option is selected.
This should work:
-ENTRY(_stext)
+ENTRY(__start) /* Treat __start as the anchor for dead code stripping */
+EXTERN(_vectors) /* Force the vectors to be included in the output */
CFLAGS
------
Only the Atollic toolchain has built-in support for the Cortex-M4 FPU. You will see
the following lines in each Make.defs file:
ifeq ($(CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_LITE),y)
# Atollic toolchain under Windows
...
ifeq ($(CONFIG_ARCH_FPU),y)
ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard
else
ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=soft
endif
endif
If you are using a toolchain other than the Atollic toolchain, then to use the FPU
you will also have to modify the CFLAGS to enable compiler support for the ARMv7-M
FPU. As of this writing, there are not many GCC toolchains that will support the
ARMv7-M FPU.
As a minimum you will need to add CFLAG options to (1) enable hardware floating point
code generation, and to (2) select the FPU implementation. You might try the same
options as used with the Atollic toolchain in the Make.defs file:
ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -march=armv7e-m -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard
Configuration Changes
---------------------
Below are all of the configuration changes that I had to make to configs/stm3240g-eval/nsh2
in order to successfully build NuttX using the Atollic toolchain WITH FPU support:
-CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=n : Enable FPU support
+CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=y
-CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYW=y : Disable the CodeSourcery toolchain
+CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYW=n
-CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_LITE=n : Enable *one* the Atollic toolchains
CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_PRO=n
-CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_LITE=y : The "Lite" version, OR
CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_PRO=y : The "Pro" version (not both)
-CONFIG_INTELHEX_BINARY=y : Suppress generation FLASH download formats
+CONFIG_INTELHEX_BINARY=n : (Only necessary with the "Lite" version)
-CONFIG_HAVE_CXX=y : Suppress generation of C++ code
+CONFIG_HAVE_CXX=n : (Only necessary with the "Lite" version)
See the section above on Toolchains, NOTE 2, for explanations for some of
the configuration settings. Some of the usual settings are just not supported
by the "Lite" version of the Atollic toolchain.
LPC4330-Xplorer Configuration Options
=====================================
CONFIG_ARCH - Identifies the arch/ subdirectory. This should
be set to:
CONFIG_ARCH=arm
CONFIG_ARCH_family - For use in C code:
CONFIG_ARCH_ARM=y
CONFIG_ARCH_architecture - For use in C code:
CONFIG_ARCH_CORTEXM3=y
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP - Identifies the arch/*/chip subdirectory
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP=lpc43xx
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_name - For use in C code to identify the exact
chip:
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_LPC4330=y
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD - Identifies the configs subdirectory and
hence, the board that supports the particular chip or SoC.
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD=lpc4330-xplorer (for the LPC4330-Xplorer board)
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_name - For use in C code
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_LPC4330_XPLORER=y
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC - Must be calibrated for correct operation
of delay loops
CONFIG_ENDIAN_BIG - define if big endian (default is little
endian)
CONFIG_DRAM_SIZE - Describes the installed DRAM (CPU SRAM in this case):
CONFIG_DRAM_SIZE=(32*1024) (32Kb)
There is an additional 32Kb of SRAM in AHB SRAM banks 0 and 1.
CONFIG_DRAM_START - The start address of installed DRAM
CONFIG_DRAM_START=0x10000000
CONFIG_DRAM_END - Last address+1 of installed RAM
CONFIG_DRAM_END=(CONFIG_DRAM_START+CONFIG_DRAM_SIZE)
CONFIG_ARCH_IRQPRIO - The LPC43xx supports interrupt prioritization
CONFIG_ARCH_IRQPRIO=y
CONFIG_ARCH_FPU - The LPC43xxx supports a floating point unit (FPU)
CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=y
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to boards that
have LEDs
CONFIG_ARCH_INTERRUPTSTACK - This architecture supports an interrupt
stack. If defined, this symbol is the size of the interrupt
stack in bytes. If not defined, the user task stacks will be
used during interrupt handling.
CONFIG_ARCH_STACKDUMP - Do stack dumps after assertions
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to board architecture.
CONFIG_ARCH_CALIBRATION - Enables some build in instrumentation that
cause a 100 second delay during boot-up. This 100 second delay
serves no purpose other than it allows you to calibratre
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC. You simply use a stop watch to measure
the 100 second delay then adjust CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC until
the delay actually is 100 seconds.
Individual subsystems can be enabled:
CONFIG_LPC43_MAINOSC=y
CONFIG_LPC43_PLL0=y
CONFIG_LPC43_PLL1=n
CONFIG_LPC43_ETHERNET=n
CONFIG_LPC43_USBHOST=n
CONFIG_LPC43_USBOTG=n
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV=n
CONFIG_LPC43_USART0=y
CONFIG_LPC43_UART1=n
CONFIG_LPC43_USART2=n
CONFIG_LPC43_USART3=n
CONFIG_LPC43_CAN1=n
CONFIG_LPC43_CAN2=n
CONFIG_LPC43_SPI=n
CONFIG_LPC43_SSP0=n
CONFIG_LPC43_SSP1=n
CONFIG_LPC43_I2C0=n
CONFIG_LPC43_I2C1=n
CONFIG_LPC43_I2S=n
CONFIG_LPC43_TMR0=n
CONFIG_LPC43_TMR1=n
CONFIG_LPC43_TMR2=n
CONFIG_LPC43_TMR3=n
CONFIG_LPC43_RIT=n
CONFIG_LPC43_PWM=n
CONFIG_LPC43_MCPWM=n
CONFIG_LPC43_QEI=n
CONFIG_LPC43_RTC=n
CONFIG_LPC43_WDT=n
CONFIG_LPC43_ADC=n
CONFIG_LPC43_DAC=n
CONFIG_LPC43_GPDMA=n
CONFIG_LPC43_FLASH=n
LPC43xx specific device driver settings
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_SERIAL_CONSOLE - selects the UARTn for the
console and ttys0 (default is the USART0).
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_RXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered as received.
This specific the size of the receive buffer
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_TXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered before
being sent. This specific the size of the transmit buffer
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_BAUD - The configure BAUD of the UART. Must be
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_BITS - The number of bits. Must be either 7 or 8.
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_PARTIY - 0=no parity, 1=odd parity, 2=even parity
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_2STOP - Two stop bits
LPC43xx specific CAN device driver settings. These settings all
require CONFIG_CAN:
CONFIG_CAN_EXTID - Enables support for the 29-bit extended ID. Default
Standard 11-bit IDs.
CONFIG_CAN1_BAUD - CAN1 BAUD rate. Required if CONFIG_LPC43_CAN1 is defined.
CONFIG_CAN2_BAUD - CAN1 BAUD rate. Required if CONFIG_LPC43_CAN2 is defined.
CONFIG_CAN1_DIVISOR - CAN1 is clocked at CCLK divided by this number.
(the CCLK frequency is divided by this number to get the CAN clock).
Options = {1,2,4,6}. Default: 4.
CONFIG_CAN2_DIVISOR - CAN2 is clocked at CCLK divided by this number.
(the CCLK frequency is divided by this number to get the CAN clock).
Options = {1,2,4,6}. Default: 4.
CONFIG_CAN_TSEG1 - The number of CAN time quanta in segment 1. Default: 6
CONFIG_CAN_TSEG2 = the number of CAN time quanta in segment 2. Default: 7
LPC43xx specific PHY/Ethernet device driver settings. These setting
also require CONFIG_NET and CONFIG_LPC43_ETHERNET.
CONFIG_PHY_KS8721 - Selects Micrel KS8721 PHY
CONFIG_PHY_AUTONEG - Enable auto-negotion
CONFIG_PHY_SPEED100 - Select 100Mbit vs. 10Mbit speed.
CONFIG_PHY_FDUPLEX - Select full (vs. half) duplex
CONFIG_NET_EMACRAM_SIZE - Size of EMAC RAM. Default: 16Kb
CONFIG_NET_NTXDESC - Configured number of Tx descriptors. Default: 18
CONFIG_NET_NRXDESC - Configured number of Rx descriptors. Default: 18
CONFIG_NET_PRIORITY - Ethernet interrupt priority. The is default is
the higest priority.
CONFIG_NET_WOL - Enable Wake-up on Lan (not fully implemented).
CONFIG_NET_REGDEBUG - Enabled low level register debug. Also needs
CONFIG_DEBUG.
CONFIG_NET_DUMPPACKET - Dump all received and transmitted packets.
Also needs CONFIG_DEBUG.
CONFIG_NET_HASH - Enable receipt of near-perfect match frames.
CONFIG_NET_MULTICAST - Enable receipt of multicast (and unicast) frames.
Automatically set if CONFIG_NET_IGMP is selected.
LPC43xx USB Device Configuration
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV_FRAME_INTERRUPT
Handle USB Start-Of-Frame events.
Enable reading SOF from interrupt handler vs. simply reading on demand.
Probably a bad idea... Unless there is some issue with sampling the SOF
from hardware asynchronously.
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV_EPFAST_INTERRUPT
Enable high priority interrupts. I have no idea why you might want to
do that
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV_NDMADESCRIPTORS
Number of DMA descriptors to allocate in SRAM.
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV_DMA
Enable lpc17xx-specific DMA support
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV_NOVBUS
Define if the hardware implementation does not support the VBUS signal
CONFIG_LPC43_USBDEV_NOLED
Define if the hardware implementation does not support the LED output
LPC43xx USB Host Configuration
CONFIG_USBHOST_OHCIRAM_SIZE
Total size of OHCI RAM (in AHB SRAM Bank 1)
CONFIG_USBHOST_NEDS
Number of endpoint descriptors
CONFIG_USBHOST_NTDS
Number of transfer descriptors
CONFIG_USBHOST_TDBUFFERS
Number of transfer descriptor buffers
CONFIG_USBHOST_TDBUFSIZE
Size of one transfer descriptor buffer
CONFIG_USBHOST_IOBUFSIZE
Size of one end-user I/O buffer. This can be zero if the
application can guarantee that all end-user I/O buffers
reside in AHB SRAM.
USB Host Configuration
======================
The LPC4330-Xplorer board supports a USB host interface. The hidkbd
example can be used to test this interface.
The NuttShell (NSH) lpc4330-xplorer can also be modified in order to support USB
host operations. To make these modifications, do the following:
1. First configure to build the NSH configuration from the top-level
NuttX directory:
cd tools
./configure lpc4330-xplorer/nsh
cd ..
2. Then edit the top-level .config file to enable USB host. Make the
following changes:
CONFIG_LPC43_USBHOST=n
CONFIG_USBHOST=n
CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE=y
When this change is made, NSH should be extended to support USB flash
devices. When a FLASH device is inserted, you should see a device
appear in the /dev (psuedo) directory. The device name should be
like /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, etc. The USB mass storage device, is present
it can be mounted from the NSH command line like:
ls /dev
mount -t vfat /dev/sda /mnt/flash
Files on the connect USB flash device should then be accessible under
the mountpoint /mnt/flash.
Configurations
==============
Each LPC4330-Xplorer configuration is maintained in a sudirectory and can be selected
as follow:
cd tools
./configure.sh lpc4330-xplorer/<subdir>
cd -
. ./setenv.sh
Where <subdir> is one of the following:
ostest:
------
This configuration directory, performs a simple OS test using
examples/ostest. By default, this project assumes that you are
using the DFU bootloader.
CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYW=y : CodeSourcery under Windows
This configuration directory, performs a simple test of the USB host
HID keyboard class driver using the test logic in examples/hidkbd.
If you use the Atollic toolchain, then the FPU test can be enabled in the
examples/ostest by adding the following your NuttX configuration file:
-CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=n : Enable FPU support
+CONFIG_ARCH_FPU=y
-CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYW=y : Disable the CodeSourcery toolchain
+CONFIG_LPC43_CODESOURCERYW=n
-CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_LITE=n : Enable *one* the Atollic toolchains
CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_PRO=n
-CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_LITE=y : The "Lite" version, OR
CONFIG_LPC43_ATOLLIC_PRO=n : The "Pro" version (only one)
-CONFIG_INTELHEX_BINARY=y : Suppress generation FLASH download formats
+CONFIG_INTELHEX_BINARY=n : (Only necessary with the "Lite" version)
-CONFIG_HAVE_CXX=y : Suppress generation of C++ code
+CONFIG_HAVE_CXX=n : (Only necessary with the "Lite" version)
-CONFIG_SCHED_WAITPID=y : Enable the waitpid() API needed by the FPU test
+CONFIG_SCHED_WAITPID=n
The FPU test also needs to know the size of the FPU registers save area in
bytes (see arch/arm/include/armv7-m/irq_lazyfpu.h):
+CONFIG_EXAMPLES_OSTEST_FPUSIZE=(4*33)
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