// WSDG Chapter Setup

[[ChapterSetup]]

== Quick Setup

[[ChSetupUNIX]]

=== UNIX: Installation

All the tools required are usually installed on a UNIX developer machine.

If a tool is not already installed on your system, you can usually install it
using the package in your distribution: aptitude, yum, Synaptic, etc.

If an install package is not available or you have a
reason not to use it (maybe because it’s simply too old), you
can install that tool from source code. The following sections
will provide you with the webpage addresses where you can get
these sources.

[[ChSetupWin32]]

=== Win32/64: Step-by-Step Guide

A quick setup guide for Win32 and Win64 with recommended
configuration.

[WARNING]
====
Unless you know exactly what you are doing, you
should strictly follow the recommendations below. They are known to work
and if the build breaks, please re-read this guide carefully.

Known traps are:

. Not using the correct (x86 or x64) version of the Visual Studio command prompt.

. Not copying/downloading the correct version of vcredist_xYY.exe.

====

[[ChSetupChocolatey]]

==== Recommended: Install Chocolatey

https://chocolatey.org/[Chocolatey] is a native package manager for Windows.
There are https://chocolatey.org/packages[packages] for most of the software
listed below. Along with traditional Windows packages it supports Cygwin and
the Python Package Index.

// ...such as:
// - Active Perl and/or StrawberryPerl
// - Devbox-UnZip and/or 7zip and/or peazip
// - Wget
// - Git (a native win32 (MSYS) version)

[[ChSetupMSVC]]

==== Install Microsoft C compiler and SDK

You need to install, in exactly this order:

. C compiler:
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=532606&clcid=0x409[Download]
and install ``Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 Community Edition.'' This is a small
download that then downloads all the other required parts (which are quite large).

Select the "Custom" install and then uncheck all the optional components other
than "Common Tools for Visual C++ 2015" (unless you want to use them for purposes
other than Wireshark).

You can use Chocolatey to install Visual Studio, to correctly configure the
installation, copy the deployment XML file https://code.wireshark.org/review/gitweb?p=wireshark.git;a=blob_plain;f=tools/msvc2015AdminDeployment.xml;hb=HEAD[msvc2015AdminDeployment.xml] from the source code tools directory
and pass the path the file to the chocolatey install command:

----
PS$>choco install VisualStudio2015Community --timeout 0 -package-parameters "--AdminFile path\to\msvc2015AdminDeployment.xml"
----

You can use other Microsoft C compiler variants, but VS2015 is used to
build the development releases and is the preferred option. It’s
possible to compile Wireshark with a wide range of Microsoft C compiler
variants. For details see <<ChToolsMSChain>>.

You may have to do this as Administrator.

Compiling with gcc or Clang is not recommended and will
certainly not work (at least not without a lot of advanced
tweaking). For further details on this topic, see
<<ChToolsGNUChain>>. This may change in future as releases
of Visual Studio add more cross-platform support.

// XXX - mention the compiler and PSDK web installers -
// which significantly reduce download size - and find out the
// required components

Why is this recommended? While this is a huge download,
Visual Studio 2015 Community Edition is the only free (as in beer)
versions that includes the Visual Studio integrated
debugger. Visual Studio 2015 is also used to create official
Wireshark builds, so it will likely have fewer development-related
problems.

[[ChSetupQt]]

==== Install Qt

The main Wireshark application uses the Qt windowing toolkit. To install
Qt download the *Qt Online Installer for Windows* from the Qt Project
https://www.qt.io/download-open-source/["Download Open Source" page] and
select a component that matches your target system and compiler. For
example, the ``msvc2015 64-bit'' component is used to build the official
64-bit packages.  You can deselect all the Qt xxxx (e.g. Qt Charts)
components as they aren't required.

Note that installation of separate Qt components are required for 32 bit
and 64 bit builds, e.g. ``msvc2015 32-bit'' and ``msvc2015 64-bit''. The
environment variable `QT5_BASE_DIR` should be set as appropriate for your
environment and should point to the Qt directory that contains the bin
directory, e.g. _C:\Qt\5.9.1\msvc2015_64_

The Qt maintenance tool (_C:\Qt\MaintenanceTool.exe_) can be used to
upgrade Qt to newer versions.

[[ChSetupCygwin]]

==== Optional: Install Cygwin

On 32-bit Windows, http://www.cygwin.com/setup-x86.exe[download the
32-bit Cygwin installer] and start it. On 64-bit Windows,
http://www.cygwin.com/setup-x86_64.exe[download the 64-bit Cygwin
installer] and start it.

Over time the Wireshark development toolchain has been migrating away from Cygwin
toward native tools and we hope to eliminate it as a requirement someday.

At the "Select Packages" page, you'll need to select
some additional packages which are not installed by default.
Navigate to the required Category/Package row and, if the package
has a "Skip" item in the "New" column, click on the "Skip" item
so it shows a version number for:

* Devel/bison (or install Win flex-bison - see Chocolatey below)

* Devel/flex (or install Win flex-bison - see Chocolatey below)

* Devel/git (recommended - see discussion about using Git below)

* Interpreters/perl

* Utils/patch (only if needed) (may be Devel/patch instead)

* Web/wget (not needed if using CMake)

* Text/docbook-xml45

// Also need: bash/sh, sed

You might also have to install

* Interpreters/m4

if installing Devel/bison doesn't provide a working version of Bison. If
m4 is missing bison will fail.

After clicking the btn:[Next] button several times, the setup
will then download and install the selected packages (this
may take a while).

Alternatively you can install Cygwin and its packages using Chocolatey:

----
PS$>choco install cygwin
PS$>choco install cyg-get
----
//PS$>choco install sed [...] -source cygwin

Chocolatey installs Cygwin in _C:\tools\cygwin_ by default.

You can directly download packages via `cyg-get`

----
PS$>cyg-get docbook-xml45 [...]
----

You can use Chocolatey’s Win flex-bison packages rather than the Cygwin
Bison and Flex package:

----
PS$>choco install winflexbison
----

[[ChSetupPython]]

==== Install Python

Get the Python 3.5 or 2.7 installer from http://python.org/download/[] and
install Python into the default location (_C:\Python35_ or _C:\Python27_).

Why is this recommended? Cygwin’s _/usr/bin/python_ is a Cygwin-specific
symbolic link which cannot be run from Windows. The native package is faster
as well.

Alternatively you can install Python using Chocolatey:

----
PS$>choco install python3
----

or

----
PS$>choco install python2
----

Chocolatey installs Python in _C:\tools\python3_ and _C:\tools\python2_ by default.

[[ChSetupGit]]

==== Install Git

Please note that the following is not required to build Wireshark but can be
quite helpful when working with the sources.

Working with the Git source repositories is highly recommended, see
<<ChSrcObtain>>. It is much easier to update a personal source tree (local repository) with Git
rather than downloading a zip file and merging new sources into a personal
source tree by hand. It also makes first-time setup easy and enables the
Wireshark build process to determine your current source code revision.

There are several ways in which Git can be installed. Most packages are
available at the URLs below or via https://chocolatey.org/[Chocolatey].
Note that many of the GUI interfaces depend on the command line version.

If installing the Windows version of git select the
_Use Git from the Windows Command Prompt_ (in chocolatey the _/GitOnlyOnPath_
option).  Do *not* select the _Use Git and optional Unix tools from the Windows Command Prompt_
option (in chocolatey the _/GitAndUnixToolsOnPath_ option).

===== The Official Windows Installer

The official command-line installer is available at https://git-scm.com/download/win.

===== Git Extensions

Git Extensions is a native Windows graphical Git client for
Windows.  You can download the installer from
https://github.com/gitextensions/gitextensions/releases/latest.

===== TortoiseGit

TortoiseGit is a native Windows graphical Git
similar to TortoiseSVN. You can download the installer from
https://tortoisegit.org/download/.

===== Command Line client via Chocolatey

The command line client can be installed (and updated) using Chocolatey:
----
PS$> choco install git
----

===== Others

A list of other GUI interfaces for Git can be found at
https://git-scm.com/downloads/guis


[[ChSetupCMake]]

==== Install CMake

Get the CMake installer from https://cmake.org/download/[] and install CMake into
the default location.  Ensure the directory containing cmake.exe is added to your path.

Alternatively you can install CMake using Chocolatey:

----
PS$>choco install cmake.portable
----

Chocolatey ensures cmake.exe is on your path.

[[ChSetupAsciidoctor]]

==== Install Asciidoctor, Xsltproc, And DocBook

http://asciidoctor.org/[Asciidoctor] can be run directly as a Ruby
script or via a Java wrapper (AsciidoctorJ). It is used in conjuntion
with Xsltproc and DocBook to generate the documenation you're reading
and the User’s Guide.

The easiest way to install them on Windows is via Chocolatey:

----
PS$>choco install asciidoctorj xsltproc docbook-bundle
----

Chocolatey ensures that asciidoctorj.exe and xsltproc.exe is on your
path and that xsltproc uses the DocBook catalog.

==== Install and Prepare Sources

[TIP]
.Make sure everything works
====
It’s a good idea to make sure Wireshark compiles and runs at least once before
you start hacking the Wireshark sources for your own project. This example uses
Git Extensions but any other Git client should work as well.
====

// XXX -

*Download sources* Download Wireshark sources into
_C:\Development\wireshark_ using either the command line or Git Extensions:

Using the command line:

----
>cd C:\Development
>git clone https://code.wireshark.org/review/wireshark
----

Using Git extensions:

. Open the Git Extensions application. By default Git Extensions
   will show a validation checklist at startup. If anything needs to
   be fixed do so now. You can bring up the checklist at any time
   via menu:Tools[Settings].

. In the main screen select _Clone repository_. Fill in the following:
+
Repository to clone: *`https://code.wireshark.org/review/wireshark`*
+
Destination: Your top-level development directory, e.g. _C:\Development_.
+
Subdirectory to create: Anything you’d like. Usually _wireshark_.
+
[TIP]
.Check your paths
====
Make sure your repository path doesn't contain spaces.
====

. Click the btn:[Clone] button. Git Extensions should start cloning the
  Wireshark repository.

[[ChSetupPrepareCommandCom]]

==== Open a Visual Studio Command Prompt

From the Start Menu (or Start Screen), navigate to the `Visual Studio
2015' folder and choose the Command Prompt appropriate for
the build you wish to make, e.g. `VS2015 x64 Native Tools Command
Prompt' for a 64-bit version or `VS2015 x86 Native Tools Command Prompt'
for a 32-bit version. Depending on your version of Windows the Command
Prompt list might be directly under `Visual Studio 2015' or you might
have to dig for it under multiple folders, e.g. `Visual Studio 2015 ->
Visual Studio Tools -> Windows Desktop Command Prompts'.

[TIP]
.Pin the items to the Task Bar
====
Pin the Command Prompt you use to the Task Bar for easy access.
====

All subsequent operations take place in this Command Prompt window.

. Set environment variables to control the build.
+
--
Set the following environment variables, using paths and values suitable for your installation:

----
> rem Let CMake determine the library download directory name under
> rem WIRESHARK_BASE_DIR or set it explicitly by using WIRESHARK_LIB_DIR.
> rem Set *one* of these.
> set WIRESHARK_BASE_DIR=C:\Development
> rem set WIRESHARK_LIB_DIR=c:\wireshark-win64-libs
> rem Set the Qt installation directory
> set QT5_BASE_DIR=C:\Qt\5.9.1\msvc2015_64
> rem Append a custom string to the package version. Optional.
> set WIRESHARK_VERSION_EXTRA=-YourExtraVersionInfo
----

If your Cygwin installation path is not automatically detected by CMake,
you can explicitly specify it with the following environment variable:

----
> rem Chocolatey installs Cygwin in an odd location
> set WIRESHARK_CYGWIN_INSTALL_PATH=C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\lib\Cygwin\tools\cygwin
----

If you are using a version of Visual Studio earlier than VS2012 then you must set an additional env var,
e.g. for VS2010 set the following:
----
> set VisualStudioVersion=10.0
----

Setting these variables could be added to a batch file to be run after you open
the Visual Studio Tools Command Prompt.

[TIP]
====
Qt 5.9 is a "long term support" branch of Qt5. We recommend using it to
compile Wireshark on Windows.
====

--

. Create and change to the correct build directory.  CMake is best used in an out-of-tree build configuration
where the build is done in a separate directory to the source tree, leaving the source tree in a pristine
state.  32 and 64 bit builds require a separate build directory.  Create (if required) and change to the appropriate
build directory.
+
--
----
> mkdir C:\Development\wsbuild32
> cd C:\Development\wsbuild32
----
to create and jump into the build directory.

The build directory can be deleted at any time and the build files regenerated as detailed in <<ChWin32Generate>>.
--

[[ChWin32Generate]]

==== Generate the build files

CMake is used to process the CMakeLists.txt files in the source tree and produce build files appropriate
for your system.

You can generate Visual Studio solution files to build either from within Visual Studio, or from the command
line with MSBuild.  CMake can also generate other build types but they aren't supported.

The initial generation step is only required the first time a build directory is created.  Subsequent
builds will regenerate the build files as required.

If you've closed the Visual Studio Command Prompt <<ChSetupPrepareCommandCom,prepare>> it again.

To generate the build files enter the following at the Visual Studio command prompt:
----
> cmake -G "Visual Studio 14 2015" ..\wireshark
----

Adjusting the paths as required to Python and the wireshark source tree.
To use a different generator modify the `-G` parameter. `cmake -G` lists
all the CMake supported generators, but only Visual Studio is supported
for Wireshark builds.

To build an x64 version, the `-G` parameter must have a Win64 suffix,
e.g. `-G "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64"`:

----
> cmake -G "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64" ..\wireshark
----

The CMake generation process will download the required 3rd party libraries (apart from Qt)
as required, then test each library for usability before generating the build files.

At the end of the CMake generation process the following should be displayed:
----
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: C:/Development/wsbuild32
----

If you get any other output, there is an issue in your envirnment that must be rectified before building.
Check the parameters passed to CMake, especially the `-G` option and the path to the Wireshark sources and
the environment variables `WIRESHARK_BASE_DIR` and `QT5_BASE_DIR`.

[[ChWin32Build]]

==== Build Wireshark

Now it’s time to build Wireshark!

. If you've closed the Visual Studio Command Prompt <<ChSetupPrepareCommandCom,prepare>> it again.

. Run
+
--
----
> msbuild /m /p:Configuration=RelWithDebInfo Wireshark.sln
----
to build Wireshark.
--

. Wait for Wireshark to compile. This will take a while, and there will be a lot of text output in the command prompt window

. Run _C:\Development\wsbuild32\run\RelWithDebInfo\Wireshark.exe_ and make sure it starts.

. Open menu:Help[About]. If it shows your "private" program
version, e.g.: Version {wireshark-version}-myprotocol123
congratulations! You have compiled your own version of Wireshark!

You may also open the Wireshark solution file (_Wireshark.sln_) in the Visual Studio IDE and build there.

TIP: If compilation fails for suspicious reasons after you changed some source
files try to clean the build files by running `msbuild /m /p:Configuration=RelWithDebInfo Wireshark.sln /t:Clean`
and then building the solution again.

The build files produced by CMake will regenerate themselves if required by changes in the source tree.

==== Debug Environment Setup

You can debug using the Visual Studio Debugger or WinDbg.  See the section
on using the <<ChToolsDebugger, Debugger Tools>>.

==== Optional: Create User’s and Developer’s Guide

Detailed information to build these guides can be found in the file
_docbook\README.adoc_ in the Wireshark sources.

==== Optional: Create a Wireshark Installer

Note: You should have successfully built Wireshark
before doing the following.

If you want to build your own
_Wireshark-win32-{wireshark-version}-myprotocol123.exe_, you'll need
NSIS. You can download it from http://nsis.sourceforge.net[].

Note that the 32-bit version of NSIS will work for both 32-bit and
64-bit versions of Wireshark. NSIS v3 is required.

Note: If you do not yet have a copy of vcredist_x86.exe or vcredist_x64.exe in _./wireshark-win**XX**-libs_ (where *_XX_* is 32 or 64) you will need to download the appropriate file and place it in _./wireshark-win**XX**-libs_ before starting this step.

If building an x86 version using a Visual Studio “Express” edition or an x64 version with any edition, then you must have the appropriate vcredist file for your compiler in the support libraries directory (_vcredist_x86.exe_ in _wireshark-32-libs_ or _vcredist_x64.exe_ in _wireshark-win64-libs_).

The files can be located in the Visual Studio install directory for non-Express edition builds, or downloaded from Microsoft for Expresss edition builds.

Note you must use the correct version of vcredist for your compiler, unfortunately they all have the same name (_vcredist_x86.exe_ or _vcredist_x64.exe_).  You can use Windows Explorer and examine the `Properties -> Details' tab for a vcredist file to determine which compiler version the file is for use with.

If you've closed the Visual Studio Command Prompt <<ChSetupPrepareCommandCom,prepare>> it again.

Run

----
> msbuild /m /p:Configuration=RelWithDebInfo nsis_package_prep.vcxproj
> msbuild /m /p:Configuration=RelWithDebInfo nsis_package.vcxproj
----

to build a Wireshark installer. If you sign your executables you should do
so between the “nsis_package_prep” and “nsis_package” steps.

Run

----
> packaging\nsis\wireshark-win64-{wireshark-version}-myprotocol123.exe
----

to test your new installer. It’s a good idea to test on a different
machine than the developer machine. Note that if you've built an x86
version, the installer name will contain “win32”.
