forked from osmocom/wireshark
![Gerald Combs](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Move the idl2wrs section to the Developer's Guide. Leave most of the other content intact for now. Change-Id: I98c6eeab62af5cc55e3ce23ab1107df02b1a22cf Reviewed-on: https://code.wireshark.org/review/5214 Reviewed-by: Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org>
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912 lines
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<!-- WSUG Appendix Tools -->
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[[AppTools]]
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[appendix]
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== Related command line tools
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[[AppToolsIntroduction]]
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=== Introduction
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Along with the main application, Wireshark comes with an array of command line
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tools which can be helpful for specialized tasks. These tools will be described
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in this chapter. You can find more information about each command in the
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link:wireshark-man-page-reference:[][Manual Pages].
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[[AppToolstshark]]
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=== __tshark__: Terminal-based Wireshark
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TShark is a terminal oriented version of Wireshark designed for capturing and
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displaying packets when an interactive user interface isn't necessary or
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available. It supports the same options as `wireshark`. For more information on
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`tshark` see the manual pages (`man tshark`).
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[[AppToolstsharkEx]]
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.Help information available from `tshark`
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----
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TShark 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
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Dump and analyze network traffic.
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See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
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Copyright 1998-2014 Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org> and contributors.
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This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
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warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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Usage: tshark [options] ...
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Capture interface:
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-i <interface> name or idx of interface (def: first non-loopback)
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-f <capture filter> packet filter in libpcap filter syntax
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-s <snaplen> packet snapshot length (def: 65535)
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-p don't capture in promiscuous mode
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-I capture in monitor mode, if available
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-B <buffer size> size of kernel buffer (def: 2MB)
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-y <link type> link layer type (def: first appropriate)
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-D print list of interfaces and exit
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-L print list of link-layer types of iface and exit
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Capture stop conditions:
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-c <packet count> stop after n packets (def: infinite)
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-a <autostop cond.> ... duration:NUM - stop after NUM seconds
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filesize:NUM - stop this file after NUM KB
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files:NUM - stop after NUM files
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Capture output:
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-b <ringbuffer opt.> ... duration:NUM - switch to next file after NUM secs
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filesize:NUM - switch to next file after NUM KB
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files:NUM - ringbuffer: replace after NUM files
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Input file:
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-r <infile> set the filename to read from (- to read from stdin)
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Processing:
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-2 perform a two-pass analysis
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-R <read filter> packet Read filter in Wireshark display filter syntax
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-Y <display filter> packet displaY filter in Wireshark display filter
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syntax
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-n disable all name resolutions (def: all enabled)
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-N <name resolve flags> enable specific name resolution(s): "mntC"
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-d <layer_type>==<selector>,<decode_as_protocol> ...
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"Decode As", see the man page for details
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Example: tcp.port==8888,http
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-H <hosts file> read a list of entries from a hosts file, which will
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then be written to a capture file. (Implies -W n)
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Output:
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-w <outfile|-> write packets to a pcap-format file named "outfile"
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(or to the standard output for "-")
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-C <config profile> start with specified configuration profile
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-F <output file type> set the output file type, default is pcapng
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an empty "-F" option will list the file types
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-V add output of packet tree (Packet Details)
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-O <protocols> Only show packet details of these protocols, comma
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separated
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-P print packet summary even when writing to a file
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-S <separator> the line separator to print between packets
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-x add output of hex and ASCII dump (Packet Bytes)
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-T pdml|ps|psml|text|fields
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format of text output (def: text)
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-e <field> field to print if -Tfields selected (e.g. tcp.port,
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_ws.col.Info)
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this option can be repeated to print multiple fields
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-E<fieldsoption>=<value> set options for output when -Tfields selected:
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header=y|n switch headers on and off
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separator=/t|/s|<char> select tab, space, printable character as separator
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occurrence=f|l|a print first, last or all occurrences of each field
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aggregator=,|/s|<char> select comma, space, printable character as
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aggregator
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quote=d|s|n select double, single, no quotes for values
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-t a|ad|d|dd|e|r|u|ud output format of time stamps (def: r: rel. to first)
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-u s|hms output format of seconds (def: s: seconds)
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-l flush standard output after each packet
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-q be more quiet on stdout (e.g. when using statistics)
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-Q only log true errors to stderr (quieter than -q)
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-g enable group read access on the output file(s)
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-W n Save extra information in the file, if supported.
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n = write network address resolution information
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-X <key>:<value> eXtension options, see the man page for details
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-z <statistics> various statistics, see the man page for details
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--capture-comment <comment>
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add a capture comment to the newly created
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output file (only for pcapng)
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Miscellaneous:
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-h display this help and exit
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-v display version info and exit
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-o <name>:<value> ... override preference setting
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-K <keytab> keytab file to use for kerberos decryption
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-G [report] dump one of several available reports and exit
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default report="fields"
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use "-G ?" for more help
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WARNING: dumpcap will enable kernel BPF JIT compiler if available.
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You might want to reset it
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By doing "echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable"
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----
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[[AppToolstcpdump]]
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=== __tcpdump__: Capturing with `tcpdump` for viewing with Wireshark
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It's often more useful to capture packets using `tcpdump` rather than
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`wireshark`. For example, you might want to do a remote capture and either don't
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have GUI access or don't have Wireshark installed on the remote machine.
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Older versions of `tcpdump` truncate packets to 68 or 96 bytes. If this is the case,
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use `-s` to capture full-sized packets:
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----
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$ tcpdump -i <interface> -s 65535 -w <some-file>
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----
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You will have to specify the correct _interface_ and the name of a _file_ to
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save into. In addition, you will have to terminate the capture with ^C when you
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believe you have captured enough packets.
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+tcpdump+ is not part of the Wireshark distribution. You can get it from
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link:$$http://www.tcpdump.org/:[]$$[http://www.tcpdump.org] or as a standard
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package in most Linux distributions.
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[[AppToolsdumpcap]]
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=== __dumpcap__: Capturing with `dumpcap` for viewing with Wireshark
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Dumpcap is a network traffic dump tool. It captures packet data from a live
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network and writes the packets to a file. Dumpcap's native capture file format
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is pcapng, which is also the format used by Wireshark.
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Without any options set it will use the pcap library to capture traffic from the
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first available network interface and write the received raw packet data, along
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with the packets' time stamps into a pcapng file. The capture filter syntax
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follows the rules of the pcap library.
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[[AppToolsdumpcapEx]]
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.Help information available from dumpcap
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----
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Dumpcap 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
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Capture network packets and dump them into a pcapng file.
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See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
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Usage: dumpcap [options] ...
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Capture interface:
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-i <interface> name or idx of interface (def: first non-loopback),
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or for remote capturing, use one of these formats:
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rpcap://<host>/<interface>
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TCP@<host>:<port>
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-f <capture filter> packet filter in libpcap filter syntax
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-s <snaplen> packet snapshot length (def: 65535)
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-p don't capture in promiscuous mode
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-I capture in monitor mode, if available
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-B <buffer size> size of kernel buffer in MiB (def: 2MiB)
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-y <link type> link layer type (def: first appropriate)
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-D print list of interfaces and exit
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-L print list of link-layer types of iface and exit
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-d print generated BPF code for capture filter
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-k set channel on wifi interface <freq>,[<type>]
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-S print statistics for each interface once per second
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-M for -D, -L, and -S, produce machine-readable output
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Stop conditions:
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-c <packet count> stop after n packets (def: infinite)
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-a <autostop cond.> ... duration:NUM - stop after NUM seconds
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filesize:NUM - stop this file after NUM KB
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files:NUM - stop after NUM files
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Output (files):
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-w <filename> name of file to save (def: tempfile)
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-g enable group read access on the output file(s)
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-b <ringbuffer opt.> ... duration:NUM - switch to next file after NUM secs
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filesize:NUM - switch to next file after NUM KB
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files:NUM - ringbuffer: replace after NUM files
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-n use pcapng format instead of pcap (default)
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-P use libpcap format instead of pcapng
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--capture-comment <comment>
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add a capture comment to the output file
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(only for pcapng)
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Miscellaneous:
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-N <packet_limit> maximum number of packets buffered within dumpcap
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-C <byte_limit> maximum number of bytes used for buffering packets
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within dumpcap
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-t use a separate thread per interface
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-q don't report packet capture counts
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-v print version information and exit
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-h display this help and exit
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WARNING: dumpcap will enable kernel BPF JIT compiler if available.
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You might want to reset it
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By doing "echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable"
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Example: dumpcap -i eth0 -a duration:60 -w output.pcapng
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"Capture packets from interface eth0 until 60s passed into output.pcapng"
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Use Ctrl-C to stop capturing at any time.
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----
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[[AppToolscapinfos]]
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=== __capinfos__: Print information about capture files
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+capinfos+ can print information about binary capture files.
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[[AppToolscapinfosEx]]
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.Help information available from capinfos
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----
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Capinfos 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
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Prints various information (infos) about capture files.
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See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
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Usage: capinfos [options] <infile> ...
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General infos:
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-t display the capture file type
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-E display the capture file encapsulation
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-H display the SHA1, RMD160, and MD5 hashes of the file
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-k display the capture comment
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Size infos:
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-c display the number of packets
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-s display the size of the file (in bytes)
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-d display the total length of all packets (in bytes)
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-l display the packet size limit (snapshot length)
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Time infos:
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-u display the capture duration (in seconds)
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-a display the capture start time
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-e display the capture end time
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-o display the capture file chronological status (True/False)
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-S display start and end times as seconds
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Statistic infos:
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-y display average data rate (in bytes/sec)
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-i display average data rate (in bits/sec)
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-z display average packet size (in bytes)
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-x display average packet rate (in packets/sec)
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Output format:
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-L generate long report (default)
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-T generate table report
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-M display machine-readable values in long reports
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Table report options:
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-R generate header record (default)
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-r do not generate header record
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-B separate infos with TAB character (default)
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-m separate infos with comma (,) character
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-b separate infos with SPACE character
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-N do not quote infos (default)
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-q quote infos with single quotes (')
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-Q quote infos with double quotes (")
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Miscellaneous:
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-h display this help and exit
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-C cancel processing if file open fails (default is to continue)
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-A generate all infos (default)
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Options are processed from left to right order with later options superceding
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or adding to earlier options.
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If no options are given the default is to display all infos in long report
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output format.
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----
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[[AppToolsrawshark]]
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=== __rawshark__: Dump and analyze network traffic.
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Rawshark reads a stream of packets from a file or pipe, and prints a line
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describing its output, followed by a set of matching fields for each packet on
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stdout.
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[[AppToolsrawsharkEx]]
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.Help information available from rawshark
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----
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Rawshark 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
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Dump and analyze network traffic.
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See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
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Copyright 1998-2014 Gerald Combs <gerald@wireshark.org> and contributors.
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This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
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warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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Usage: rawshark [options] ...
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Input file:
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-r <infile> set the pipe or file name to read from
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Processing:
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-d <encap:linktype>|<proto:protoname>
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packet encapsulation or protocol
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-F <field> field to display
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-n disable all name resolution (def: all enabled)
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-N <name resolve flags> enable specific name resolution(s): "mntC"
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-p use the system's packet header format
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(which may have 64-bit timestamps)
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-R <read filter> packet filter in Wireshark display filter syntax
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-s skip PCAP header on input
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Output:
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-l flush output after each packet
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-S format string for fields
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(%D - name, %S - stringval, %N numval)
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-t ad|a|r|d|dd|e output format of time stamps (def: r: rel. to first)
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Miscellaneous:
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-h display this help and exit
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-o <name>:<value> ... override preference setting
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-v display version info and exit
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----
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[[AppToolseditcap]]
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=== __editcap__: Edit capture files
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+editcap+ is a general-purpose utility for modifying capture files. Its main
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function is to remove packets from capture files, but it can also be used to
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convert capture files from one format to another, as well as to print
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information about capture files.
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[[AppToolseditcapEx]]
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.Help information available from editcap
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----
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Editcap 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
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Edit and/or translate the format of capture files.
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See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
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Usage: editcap [options] ... <infile> <outfile> [ <packet#>[-<packet#>] ... ]
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<infile> and <outfile> must both be present.
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A single packet or a range of packets can be selected.
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Packet selection:
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-r keep the selected packets; default is to delete them.
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-A <start time> only output packets whose timestamp is after (or equal
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to) the given time (format as YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss).
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-B <stop time> only output packets whose timestamp is before the
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given time (format as YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss).
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Duplicate packet removal:
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-d remove packet if duplicate (window == 5).
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-D <dup window> remove packet if duplicate; configurable <dup window>
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Valid <dup window> values are 0 to 1000000.
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NOTE: A <dup window> of 0 with -v (verbose option) is
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useful to print MD5 hashes.
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-w <dup time window> remove packet if duplicate packet is found EQUAL TO OR
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LESS THAN <dup time window> prior to current packet.
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A <dup time window> is specified in relative seconds
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(e.g. 0.000001).
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NOTE: The use of the 'Duplicate packet removal' options with
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other editcap options except -v may not always work as expected.
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Specifically the -r, -t or -S options will very likely NOT have the
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desired effect if combined with the -d, -D or -w.
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Packet manipulation:
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-s <snaplen> truncate each packet to max. <snaplen> bytes of data.
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-C [offset:]<choplen> chop each packet by <choplen> bytes. Positive values
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chop at the packet beginning, negative values at the
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packet end. If an optional offset precedes the length,
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then the bytes chopped will be offset from that value.
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Positive offsets are from the packet beginning,
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negative offsets are from the packet end. You can use
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this option more than once, allowing up to 2 chopping
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regions within a packet provided that at least 1
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choplen is positive and at least 1 is negative.
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-L adjust the frame length when chopping and/or snapping
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-t <time adjustment> adjust the timestamp of each packet;
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<time adjustment> is in relative seconds (e.g. -0.5).
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-S <strict adjustment> adjust timestamp of packets if necessary to insure
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strict chronological increasing order. The <strict
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adjustment> is specified in relative seconds with
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values of 0 or 0.000001 being the most reasonable.
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A negative adjustment value will modify timestamps so
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that each packet's delta time is the absolute value
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of the adjustment specified. A value of -0 will set
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all packets to the timestamp of the first packet.
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-E <error probability> set the probability (between 0.0 and 1.0 incl.) that
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a particular packet byte will be randomly changed.
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Output File(s):
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-c <packets per file> split the packet output to different files based on
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uniform packet counts with a maximum of
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<packets per file> each.
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-i <seconds per file> split the packet output to different files based on
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uniform time intervals with a maximum of
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<seconds per file> each.
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-F <capture type> set the output file type; default is pcapng. An empty
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"-F" option will list the file types.
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-T <encap type> set the output file encapsulation type; default is the
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same as the input file. An empty "-T" option will
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list the encapsulation types.
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Miscellaneous:
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-h display this help and exit.
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-v verbose output.
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If -v is used with any of the 'Duplicate Packet
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Removal' options (-d, -D or -w) then Packet lengths
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and MD5 hashes are printed to standard-error.
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----
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[[AppToolseditcapEx1]]
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.Capture file types available from `editcap -F`
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----
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$ editcap -F
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editcap: option requires an argument -- 'F'
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editcap: The available capture file types for the "-F" flag are:
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5views - InfoVista 5View capture
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btsnoop - Symbian OS btsnoop
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commview - TamoSoft CommView
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dct2000 - Catapult DCT2000 trace (.out format)
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erf - Endace ERF capture
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eyesdn - EyeSDN USB S0/E1 ISDN trace format
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k12text - K12 text file
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lanalyzer - Novell LANalyzer
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logcat - Android Logcat Binary format
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logcat-brief - Android Logcat Brief text format
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logcat-long - Android Logcat Long text format
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logcat-process - Android Logcat Process text format
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logcat-tag - Android Logcat Tag text format
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logcat-thread - Android Logcat Thread text format
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logcat-threadtime - Android Logcat Threadtime text format
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logcat-time - Android Logcat Time text format
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modlibpcap - Modified tcpdump - libpcap
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netmon1 - Microsoft NetMon 1.x
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netmon2 - Microsoft NetMon 2.x
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nettl - HP-UX nettl trace
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ngsniffer - Sniffer (DOS)
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ngwsniffer_1_1 - NetXray, Sniffer (Windows) 1.1
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ngwsniffer_2_0 - Sniffer (Windows) 2.00x
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niobserver - Network Instruments Observer
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nokialibpcap - Nokia tcpdump - libpcap
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nseclibpcap - Wireshark - nanosecond libpcap
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nstrace10 - NetScaler Trace (Version 1.0)
|
|
nstrace20 - NetScaler Trace (Version 2.0)
|
|
nstrace30 - NetScaler Trace (Version 3.0)
|
|
pcap - Wireshark/tcpdump/... - pcap
|
|
pcapng - Wireshark/... - pcapng
|
|
rf5 - Tektronix K12xx 32-bit .rf5 format
|
|
rh6_1libpcap - RedHat 6.1 tcpdump - libpcap
|
|
snoop - Sun snoop
|
|
suse6_3libpcap - SuSE 6.3 tcpdump - libpcap
|
|
visual - Visual Networks traffic capture
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolseditcapEx2]]
|
|
.Encapsulation types available from editcap
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
$ editcap -T
|
|
editcap: option requires an argument -- 'T'
|
|
editcap: The available encapsulation types for the "-T" flag are:
|
|
ap1394 - Apple IP-over-IEEE 1394
|
|
arcnet - ARCNET
|
|
arcnet_linux - Linux ARCNET
|
|
ascend - Lucent/Ascend access equipment
|
|
atm-pdus - ATM PDUs
|
|
atm-pdus-untruncated - ATM PDUs - untruncated
|
|
atm-rfc1483 - RFC 1483 ATM
|
|
ax25 - Amateur Radio AX.25
|
|
ax25-kiss - AX.25 with KISS header
|
|
bacnet-ms-tp - BACnet MS/TP
|
|
bacnet-ms-tp-with-direction - BACnet MS/TP with Directional Info
|
|
ber - ASN.1 Basic Encoding Rules
|
|
bluetooth-bredr-bb-rf - Bluetooth BR/EDR Baseband RF
|
|
bluetooth-h4 - Bluetooth H4
|
|
bluetooth-h4-linux - Bluetooth H4 with linux header
|
|
bluetooth-hci - Bluetooth without transport layer
|
|
bluetooth-le-ll - Bluetooth Low Energy Link Layer
|
|
bluetooth-le-ll-rf - Bluetooth Low Energy Link Layer RF
|
|
bluetooth-linux-monitor - Bluetooth Linux Monitor
|
|
can20b - Controller Area Network 2.0B
|
|
chdlc - Cisco HDLC
|
|
chdlc-with-direction - Cisco HDLC with Directional Info
|
|
cosine - CoSine L2 debug log
|
|
dbus - D-Bus
|
|
dct2000 - Catapult DCT2000
|
|
docsis - Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
|
|
dpnss_link - Digital Private Signalling System No 1 Link Layer
|
|
dvbci - DVB-CI (Common Interface)
|
|
enc - OpenBSD enc(4) encapsulating interface
|
|
epon - Ethernet Passive Optical Network
|
|
erf - Extensible Record Format
|
|
ether - Ethernet
|
|
ether-nettl - Ethernet with nettl headers
|
|
fc2 - Fibre Channel FC-2
|
|
fc2sof - Fibre Channel FC-2 With Frame Delimiter
|
|
fddi - FDDI
|
|
fddi-nettl - FDDI with nettl headers
|
|
fddi-swapped - FDDI with bit-swapped MAC addresses
|
|
flexray - FlexRay
|
|
frelay - Frame Relay
|
|
frelay-with-direction - Frame Relay with Directional Info
|
|
gcom-serial - GCOM Serial
|
|
gcom-tie1 - GCOM TIE1
|
|
gprs-llc - GPRS LLC
|
|
gsm_um - GSM Um Interface
|
|
hhdlc - HiPath HDLC
|
|
i2c - I2C
|
|
ieee-802-11 - IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN
|
|
ieee-802-11-airopeek - IEEE 802.11 plus AiroPeek radio header
|
|
ieee-802-11-avs - IEEE 802.11 plus AVS radio header
|
|
ieee-802-11-netmon - IEEE 802.11 plus Network Monitor radio header
|
|
ieee-802-11-prism - IEEE 802.11 plus Prism II monitor mode radio header
|
|
ieee-802-11-radio - IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN with radio information
|
|
ieee-802-11-radiotap - IEEE 802.11 plus radiotap radio header
|
|
ieee-802-16-mac-cps - IEEE 802.16 MAC Common Part Sublayer
|
|
infiniband - InfiniBand
|
|
ios - Cisco IOS internal
|
|
ip-over-fc - RFC 2625 IP-over-Fibre Channel
|
|
ip-over-ib - IP over Infiniband
|
|
ipfix - IPFIX
|
|
ipmb - Intelligent Platform Management Bus
|
|
ipmi-trace - IPMI Trace Data Collection
|
|
ipnet - Solaris IPNET
|
|
irda - IrDA
|
|
isdn - ISDN
|
|
ixveriwave - IxVeriWave header and stats block
|
|
jfif - JPEG/JFIF
|
|
juniper-atm1 - Juniper ATM1
|
|
juniper-atm2 - Juniper ATM2
|
|
juniper-chdlc - Juniper C-HDLC
|
|
juniper-ether - Juniper Ethernet
|
|
juniper-frelay - Juniper Frame-Relay
|
|
juniper-ggsn - Juniper GGSN
|
|
juniper-mlfr - Juniper MLFR
|
|
juniper-mlppp - Juniper MLPPP
|
|
juniper-ppp - Juniper PPP
|
|
juniper-pppoe - Juniper PPPoE
|
|
juniper-svcs - Juniper Services
|
|
juniper-vp - Juniper Voice PIC
|
|
k12 - K12 protocol analyzer
|
|
lapb - LAPB
|
|
lapd - LAPD
|
|
layer1-event - EyeSDN Layer 1 event
|
|
lin - Local Interconnect Network
|
|
linux-atm-clip - Linux ATM CLIP
|
|
linux-lapd - LAPD with Linux pseudo-header
|
|
linux-sll - Linux cooked-mode capture
|
|
logcat - Android Logcat Binary format
|
|
logcat_brief - Android Logcat Brief text format
|
|
logcat_long - Android Logcat Long text format
|
|
logcat_process - Android Logcat Process text format
|
|
logcat_tag - Android Logcat Tag text format
|
|
logcat_thread - Android Logcat Thread text format
|
|
logcat_threadtime - Android Logcat Threadtime text format
|
|
logcat_time - Android Logcat Time text format
|
|
ltalk - Localtalk
|
|
mime - MIME
|
|
most - Media Oriented Systems Transport
|
|
mp2ts - ISO/IEC 13818-1 MPEG2-TS
|
|
mpeg - MPEG
|
|
mtp2 - SS7 MTP2
|
|
mtp2-with-phdr - MTP2 with pseudoheader
|
|
mtp3 - SS7 MTP3
|
|
mux27010 - MUX27010
|
|
netanalyzer - netANALYZER
|
|
netanalyzer-transparent - netANALYZER-Transparent
|
|
netlink - Linux Netlink
|
|
nfc-llcp - NFC LLCP
|
|
nflog - NFLOG
|
|
nstrace10 - NetScaler Encapsulation 1.0 of Ethernet
|
|
nstrace20 - NetScaler Encapsulation 2.0 of Ethernet
|
|
nstrace30 - NetScaler Encapsulation 3.0 of Ethernet
|
|
null - NULL
|
|
packetlogger - PacketLogger
|
|
pflog - OpenBSD PF Firewall logs
|
|
pflog-old - OpenBSD PF Firewall logs, pre-3.4
|
|
pktap - Apple PKTAP
|
|
ppi - Per-Packet Information header
|
|
ppp - PPP
|
|
ppp-with-direction - PPP with Directional Info
|
|
pppoes - PPP-over-Ethernet session
|
|
raw-icmp-nettl - Raw ICMP with nettl headers
|
|
raw-icmpv6-nettl - Raw ICMPv6 with nettl headers
|
|
raw-telnet-nettl - Raw telnet with nettl headers
|
|
rawip - Raw IP
|
|
rawip-nettl - Raw IP with nettl headers
|
|
rawip4 - Raw IPv4
|
|
rawip6 - Raw IPv6
|
|
redback - Redback SmartEdge
|
|
rtac-serial - RTAC serial-line
|
|
s4607 - STANAG 4607
|
|
s5066-dpdu - STANAG 5066 Data Transfer Sublayer PDUs(D_PDU)
|
|
sccp - SS7 SCCP
|
|
sctp - SCTP
|
|
sdh - SDH
|
|
sdlc - SDLC
|
|
sita-wan - SITA WAN packets
|
|
slip - SLIP
|
|
socketcan - SocketCAN
|
|
symantec - Symantec Enterprise Firewall
|
|
tnef - Transport-Neutral Encapsulation Format
|
|
tr - Token Ring
|
|
tr-nettl - Token Ring with nettl headers
|
|
tzsp - Tazmen sniffer protocol
|
|
unknown - Unknown
|
|
unknown-nettl - Unknown link-layer type with nettl headers
|
|
usb - Raw USB packets
|
|
usb-linux - USB packets with Linux header
|
|
usb-linux-mmap - USB packets with Linux header and padding
|
|
usb-usbpcap - USB packets with USBPcap header
|
|
user0 - USER 0
|
|
user1 - USER 1
|
|
user2 - USER 2
|
|
user3 - USER 3
|
|
user4 - USER 4
|
|
user5 - USER 5
|
|
user6 - USER 6
|
|
user7 - USER 7
|
|
user8 - USER 8
|
|
user9 - USER 9
|
|
user10 - USER 10
|
|
user11 - USER 11
|
|
user12 - USER 12
|
|
user13 - USER 13
|
|
user14 - USER 14
|
|
user15 - USER 15
|
|
v5-ef - V5 Envelope Function
|
|
whdlc - Wellfleet HDLC
|
|
wireshark-upper-pdu - Wireshark Upper PDU export
|
|
wpan - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PAN
|
|
wpan-nofcs - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PAN with FCS not present
|
|
wpan-nonask-phy - IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless PAN non-ASK PHY
|
|
x2e-serial - X2E serial line capture
|
|
x2e-xoraya - X2E Xoraya
|
|
x25-nettl - X.25 with nettl headers
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolsmergecap]]
|
|
|
|
=== __mergecap__: Merging multiple capture files into one
|
|
|
|
Mergecap is a program that combines multiple saved capture files into a single
|
|
output file specified by the `-w` argument. Mergecap knows how to read libpcap
|
|
capture files, including those of tcpdump. In addition, Mergecap can read
|
|
capture files from snoop (including Shomiti) and atmsnoop, LanAlyzer, Sniffer
|
|
(compressed or uncompressed), Microsoft Network Monitor, AIX's iptrace, NetXray,
|
|
Sniffer Pro, RADCOM's WAN/LAN analyzer, Lucent/Ascend router debug output,
|
|
HP-UX's nettl, and the dump output from Toshiba's ISDN routers. There is no need
|
|
to tell Mergecap what type of file you are reading; it will determine the file
|
|
type by itself. Mergecap is also capable of reading any of these file formats if
|
|
they are compressed using `gzip`. Mergecap recognizes this directly from the
|
|
file; the ``$$.gz$$'' extension is not required for this purpose.
|
|
|
|
By default, it writes the capture file in pcapng format, and writes all of the
|
|
packets in the input capture files to the output file. The `-F` flag can be used
|
|
to specify the format in which to write the capture file; it can write the file
|
|
in libpcap format (standard libpcap format, a modified format used by some
|
|
patched versions of libpcap, the format used by Red Hat Linux 6.1, or the format
|
|
used by SuSE Linux 6.3), snoop format, uncompressed Sniffer format, Microsoft
|
|
Network Monitor 1.x format, and the format used by Windows-based versions of the
|
|
Sniffer software.
|
|
|
|
Packets from the input files are merged in chronological order based on each
|
|
frame's timestamp, unless the `-a` flag is specified. Mergecap assumes that
|
|
frames within a single capture file are already stored in chronological order.
|
|
When the `-a` flag is specified, packets are copied directly from each input
|
|
file to the output file, independent of each frame's timestamp.
|
|
|
|
If the `-s` flag is used to specify a snapshot length, frames in the input file
|
|
with more captured data than the specified snapshot length will have only the
|
|
amount of data specified by the snapshot length written to the output file. This
|
|
may be useful if the program that is to read the output file cannot handle
|
|
packets larger than a certain size (for example, the versions of snoop in
|
|
Solaris 2.5.1 and Solaris 2.6 appear to reject Ethernet frames larger than the
|
|
standard Ethernet MTU, making them incapable of handling gigabit Ethernet
|
|
captures if jumbo frames were used).
|
|
|
|
If the `-T` flag is used to specify an encapsulation type, the encapsulation
|
|
type of the output capture file will be forced to the specified type, rather
|
|
than being the type appropriate to the encapsulation type of the input capture
|
|
file. Note that this merely forces the encapsulation type of the output file to
|
|
be the specified type; the packet headers of the packets will not be translated
|
|
from the encapsulation type of the input capture file to the specified
|
|
encapsulation type (for example, it will not translate an Ethernet capture to an
|
|
FDDI capture if an Ethernet capture is read and `-T fddi` is specified).
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolsmergecapEx]]
|
|
.Help information available from mergecap
|
|
----
|
|
Mergecap 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
|
|
Merge two or more capture files into one.
|
|
See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
|
|
|
|
Usage: mergecap [options] -w <outfile>|- <infile> [<infile> ...]
|
|
|
|
Output:
|
|
-a concatenate rather than merge files.
|
|
default is to merge based on frame timestamps.
|
|
-s <snaplen> truncate packets to <snaplen> bytes of data.
|
|
-w <outfile>|- set the output filename to <outfile> or '-' for stdout.
|
|
-F <capture type> set the output file type; default is pcapng.
|
|
an empty "-F" option will list the file types.
|
|
-T <encap type> set the output file encapsulation type;
|
|
default is the same as the first input file.
|
|
an empty "-T" option will list the encapsulation types.
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous:
|
|
-h display this help and exit.
|
|
-v verbose output.
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
A simple example merging `dhcp-capture.pcapng` and `imap-1.pcapng` into
|
|
`outfile.pcapng` is shown below.
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolsmergecapExSimple]]
|
|
.Simple example of using mergecap
|
|
----
|
|
$ mergecap -w outfile.pcapng dhcp-capture.pcapng imap-1.pcapng
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolstext2pcap]]
|
|
|
|
=== __text2pcap__: Converting ASCII hexdumps to network captures
|
|
|
|
There may be some occasions when you wish to convert a hex dump of some network
|
|
traffic into a libpcap file.
|
|
|
|
+text2pcap+ is a program that reads in an ASCII hex dump and writes the data
|
|
described into a libpcap-style capture file. text2pcap can read hexdumps with
|
|
multiple packets in them, and build a capture file of multiple packets.
|
|
`text2pcap` is also capable of generating dummy Ethernet, IP and UDP headers, in
|
|
order to build fully processable packet dumps from hexdumps of application-level
|
|
data only.
|
|
|
|
+text2pcap+ understands a hexdump of the form generated by `od -A x -t x1`. In
|
|
other words, each byte is individually displayed and surrounded with a space.
|
|
Each line begins with an offset describing the position in the file. The offset
|
|
is a hex number (can also be octal - see `-o`), of more than two hex digits. Here
|
|
is a sample dump that `text2pcap` can recognize:
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
000000 00 e0 1e a7 05 6f 00 10 ........
|
|
000008 5a a0 b9 12 08 00 46 00 ........
|
|
000010 03 68 00 00 00 00 0a 2e ........
|
|
000018 ee 33 0f 19 08 7f 0f 19 ........
|
|
000020 03 80 94 04 00 00 10 01 ........
|
|
000028 16 a2 0a 00 03 50 00 0c ........
|
|
000030 01 01 0f 19 03 80 11 01 ........
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
There is no limit on the width or number of bytes per line. Also the text dump
|
|
at the end of the line is ignored. Bytes/hex numbers can be uppercase or
|
|
lowercase. Any text before the offset is ignored, including email forwarding
|
|
characters `>'. Any lines of text between the bytestring lines is ignored.
|
|
The offsets are used to track the bytes, so offsets must be correct. Any line
|
|
which has only bytes without a leading offset is ignored. An offset is
|
|
recognized as being a hex number longer than two characters. Any text after the
|
|
bytes is ignored (e.g. the character dump). Any hex numbers in this text are
|
|
also ignored. An offset of zero is indicative of starting a new packet, so a
|
|
single text file with a series of hexdumps can be converted into a packet
|
|
capture with multiple packets. Multiple packets are read in with timestamps
|
|
differing by one second each. In general, short of these restrictions, text2pcap
|
|
is pretty liberal about reading in hexdumps and has been tested with a variety
|
|
of mangled outputs (including being forwarded through email multiple times, with
|
|
limited line wrap etc.)
|
|
|
|
There are a couple of other special features to note. Any line where the first
|
|
non-whitespace character is '#' will be ignored as a comment. Any line beginning
|
|
with #TEXT2PCAP is a directive and options can be inserted after this command to
|
|
be processed by `text2pcap`. Currently there are no directives implemented; in the
|
|
future, these may be used to give more fine grained control on the dump and the
|
|
way it should be processed e.g. timestamps, encapsulation type etc.
|
|
|
|
+text2pcap+ also allows the user to read in dumps of application-level data, by
|
|
inserting dummy L2, L3 and L4 headers before each packet. Possibilities include
|
|
inserting headers such as Ethernet, Ethernet + IP, Ethernet + IP + UDP, or
|
|
Ethernet + Ip + TCP before each packet. This allows Wireshark or any other
|
|
full-packet decoder to handle these dumps.
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolstext2pcapEx]]
|
|
.Help information available from text2pcap
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
Text2pcap 1.12.1 (Git Rev Unknown from unknown)
|
|
Generate a capture file from an ASCII hexdump of packets.
|
|
See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
|
|
|
|
Usage: text2pcap [options] <infile> <outfile>
|
|
|
|
where <infile> specifies input filename (use - for standard input)
|
|
<outfile> specifies output filename (use - for standard output)
|
|
|
|
Input:
|
|
-o hex|oct|dec parse offsets as (h)ex, (o)ctal or (d)ecimal;
|
|
default is hex.
|
|
-t <timefmt> treat the text before the packet as a date/time code;
|
|
the specified argument is a format string of the sort
|
|
supported by strptime.
|
|
Example: The time "10:15:14.5476" has the format code
|
|
"%H:%M:%S."
|
|
NOTE: The subsecond component delimiter, '.', must be
|
|
given, but no pattern is required; the remaining
|
|
number is assumed to be fractions of a second.
|
|
NOTE: Date/time fields from the current date/time are
|
|
used as the default for unspecified fields.
|
|
-D the text before the packet starts with an I or an O,
|
|
indicating that the packet is inbound or outbound.
|
|
This is only stored if the output format is PCAP-NG.
|
|
-a enable ASCII text dump identification.
|
|
The start of the ASCII text dump can be identified
|
|
and excluded from the packet data, even if it looks
|
|
like a HEX dump.
|
|
NOTE: Do not enable it if the input file does not
|
|
contain the ASCII text dump.
|
|
|
|
Output:
|
|
-l <typenum> link-layer type number; default is 1 (Ethernet). See
|
|
http://www.tcpdump.org/linktypes.html for a list of
|
|
numbers. Use this option if your dump is a complete
|
|
hex dump of an encapsulated packet and you wish to
|
|
specify the exact type of encapsulation.
|
|
Example: -l 7 for ARCNet packets.
|
|
-m <max-packet> max packet length in output; default is 65535
|
|
|
|
Prepend dummy header:
|
|
-e <l3pid> prepend dummy Ethernet II header with specified L3PID
|
|
(in HEX).
|
|
Example: -e 0x806 to specify an ARP packet.
|
|
-i <proto> prepend dummy IP header with specified IP protocol
|
|
(in DECIMAL).
|
|
Automatically prepends Ethernet header as well.
|
|
Example: -i 46
|
|
-4 <srcip>,<destip> prepend dummy IPv4 header with specified
|
|
dest and source address.
|
|
Example: -4 10.0.0.1,10.0.0.2
|
|
-6 <srcip>,<destip> replace IPv6 header with specified
|
|
dest and source address.
|
|
Example: -6 fe80:0:0:0:202:b3ff:fe1e:8329,2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
|
|
-u <srcp>,<destp> prepend dummy UDP header with specified
|
|
source and destination ports (in DECIMAL).
|
|
Automatically prepends Ethernet & IP headers as well.
|
|
Example: -u 1000,69 to make the packets look like
|
|
TFTP/UDP packets.
|
|
-T <srcp>,<destp> prepend dummy TCP header with specified
|
|
source and destination ports (in DECIMAL).
|
|
Automatically prepends Ethernet & IP headers as well.
|
|
Example: -T 50,60
|
|
-s <srcp>,<dstp>,<tag> prepend dummy SCTP header with specified
|
|
source/dest ports and verification tag (in DECIMAL).
|
|
Automatically prepends Ethernet & IP headers as well.
|
|
Example: -s 30,40,34
|
|
-S <srcp>,<dstp>,<ppi> prepend dummy SCTP header with specified
|
|
source/dest ports and verification tag 0.
|
|
Automatically prepends a dummy SCTP DATA
|
|
chunk header with payload protocol identifier ppi.
|
|
Example: -S 30,40,34
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous:
|
|
-h display this help and exit.
|
|
-d show detailed debug of parser states.
|
|
-q generate no output at all (automatically disables -d).
|
|
-n use PCAP-NG instead of PCAP as output format.
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolsreordercap]]
|
|
|
|
=== __reordercap__: Reorder a capture file
|
|
|
|
+reordercap+ lets you reorder a capture file according to the packets timestamp.
|
|
|
|
[[AppToolsreordercapEx]]
|
|
.Help information available from reordercap
|
|
----
|
|
Reordercap 1.12.1
|
|
Reorder timestamps of input file frames into output file.
|
|
See http://www.wireshark.org for more information.
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Usage: reordercap [options] <infile> <outfile>
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Options:
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-n don't write to output file if the input file is ordered.
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-h display this help and exit.
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----
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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<!-- End of WSUG Appendix Tools -->
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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