forked from osmocom/wireshark
568 lines
22 KiB
Text
568 lines
22 KiB
Text
$Id$
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Installing Ethereal, Tethereal, and Editcap on Win32
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====================================================
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These are the instructions for installing Ethereal
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from the installation executable that is provided on
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the Ethereal website at:
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http://www.ethereal.com/distribution/win32
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and any of its mirrors.
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The installation package allows you to install:
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o Ethereal - the GUI version
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o Tethereal - the console, line-mode version
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o Editcap - a console, line-mode utility to convert
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capture files from one format to another.
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(The same functions are available in Ethereal)
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o Text2Pcap - a console, line-mode utility to generate
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a capture file from an ASCII hexdump of packets
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o Mergecap - a console, line-mode utility to merge two
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capture files into one
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Additionally, the installation package contains a "plugins"
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option, which installs some additional dissector plugins
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for use with Ethereal and Tethereal.
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All binaries in Ethereal package are now built with debugging
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information embedded. If you are experiencing a crash when running
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Ethereal or other binaries, Dr. Watson or your debugger
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can use the information embedded in the binary to provide useful
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information to the Ethereal developers that will help them pinpoint
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the problem.
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In the past, two versions of Ethereal binaries were published -- a
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version that could capture packets and a version which could not.
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The latter is useful if you're only reading files produced by
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another product (e.g., a sniffer, firewall, or intrustion detection system)
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and did not wish to install WinPcap, the library Ethereal uses
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to capture packets on Win32 platforms.
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As of WinPcap 2.1, all the WinPcap libraries have been released as DLLs.
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This means that Ethereal can detect the presence of WinPcap at run time,
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which means that only one version of the Ethereal binaries needs to be
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shipped.
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If you don't want to capture packets, just install the Ethereal
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package. If you do want to capture packets, install Ethereal *and*
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install the latest non-beta version of WinPcap, available from:
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http://winpcap.polito.it/
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and mirrored at
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http://winpcap.mirror.ethereal.com/
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and
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http://www.mirrors.wiretapped.net/security/packet-capture/winpcap/
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If you already have an earlier version of WinPcap installed, you need to
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un-install it and install the latest version. If the older version is
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WinPcap 2.0 or 2.02, and you have other applications that use the older
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version , you will have to decide which applications to keep, since
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WinPcap 2.0/2.02 and later versions cannot be installed on the same
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system at the same time.
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If Ethereal is not capturing packets and you have WinPcap installed, you
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can test your WinPcap installation by installing WinDump (tcpdump for
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Windows) ported by the same folks who make WinPcap. It's at:
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http://windump.polito.it/
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and mirrored at
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http://windump.mirror.ethereal.com/
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and
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http://www.mirrors.wiretapped.net/security/packet-capture/windump/
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They also make Analyzer, a GUI sniffer for Win32:
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http://analyzer.polito.it/
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The rest of this documentation is only interesting if
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you want to compile Ethereal yourself.
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Compiling the Ethereal distribution from source
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===============================================
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Compilers
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---------
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MS Visual C++ Version 6
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This is the common compiler used for building Ethereal on win32.
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MS Visual C++ Version 7 / VC.NET
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Currently unsupported for two reasons:
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-the licence agreement does NOT allow you to compile GPL code.
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-there are serious problems in using DLL's compiled with MS VC6.
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See section "Problems with MS Visual C++ Version 7 / VC.NET" below.
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Cygwin GCC
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Ethereal can entirely be built with cygwin GCC. However the built binaries will
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only run in a cygwin environment, so they are not standalone Win32 applications.
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It is however not excluded that native Win32 code can be compiled on cygwin GCC
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but you then have to use -mms-bitfields as a strict minimum and probably
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-mno-cygwin or a similar compiler flag too.
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See section below for instructions.
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Automated library download
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--------------------------
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Before using the automated download, be sure to edit the config.nmake file
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to suit your needs. Especially have a look at the ETHEREAL_LIBS setting.
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However, the defaults should be working well for a first start.
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If you've installed Microsoft Visual C++ (MSVC), you can run:
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nmake -f makefile.nmake setup
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This will first check the availability of all required tools and then uses
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the tool wget to download each package file (together around 30MB!) from the
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server location at:
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http://anonsvn.ethereal.com/ethereal-win32-libs/trunk/packages/
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and unpack it in the $ETHEREAL_LIBS directory.
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If you have problems downloading the files, you might be connected to the
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internet through a proxy/firewall. In this case see the wget documentation
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to configure wget accordingly.
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Required libraries
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------------------
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If the automated library download finished sucessfully, you should have all
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libraries on your machine at the right places. So you don't have to read this,
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unless you are interested which libraries are used.
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You'll need the development packages for GLIB, GTK+, iconv, gettext,
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WinPcap, Net-SNMP, and optionally ADNS, PCRE and zlib. The development
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packages contain header files and stub libraries to link against.
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PRECOMPILED VERSIONS OF ALL OF THESE PACKAGES ARE AVAILABLE AT:
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http://anonsvn.ethereal.com/ethereal-win32-libs/trunk/packages/
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The GLIB, GTK+, iconv, gettext packages for win32 can be found at the home
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page for the GTK+ for Win32 project:
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http://www.gimp.org/~tml/gimp/win32 or the mirror
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http://www.iki.fi/tml/gimp/win32/
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The Net-SNMP package for win32 is available at its homepage:
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http://
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The WinPcap package is available at its homepage:
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http://winpcap.polito.it/ or the mirror
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http://www.wiretapped.net/security/packet-capture/winpcap/default.htm
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The optional ADNS package for win32 is available at its homepage:
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http://adns.jgaa.com/
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The optional PCRE package (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) for win32 is
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available at its homepage:
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http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/pcre.htm
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The optional zlib package for win32 is available at its homepage:
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http://www.gzip.org/zlib/
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By default, the build process looks for these packages in
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C:\ethereal-win32-libs. You can place them in a different directory, but
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you must update the ETHEREAL_LIBS variable in config.nmake accordingly.
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The following lists the packages needed to compile Ethereal and the default
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locations where to unpack them, when the above method isn't used.
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Package Default Location
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------- ----------------
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glib-2.2.3-20040116.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\glib
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glib-dev-2.2.3-20040116.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\glib
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gtk+-1.3.0-20030717.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk+
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gtk+-dev-1.3.0-20030115.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk+
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libiconv-1.9.1.bin.woe32.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\libiconv-1.9.1.bin.woe32
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gettext-runtime-0.13.1.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gettext-runtime-0.13.1
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net-snmp-5.1.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs
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wpdpack_3_0.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs
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and optional:
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adns-1.0-win32-03.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs
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pcre-4.4.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs
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zlib122-dll.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\zlib122-dll
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(to use the default locations, the directories in question should be
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created, and each zip file should be unpacked into the corresponding
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directory). If you only want to change the C:\ethereal-win32-libs
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part, you just change the setting of ETHEREAL_LIBS in config.nmake; if
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you want to change subdirectories, you'll have to change the individual
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item for a package. (Note that some zip files create the subdirectory -
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those zip files just have C:\ethereal-win32-libs in the list above - so
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if you don't want the package to be in that subdirectory, you'd have to
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rename the directory.)
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The gettext runtime package provides intl.dll, which is needed by
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GLib 2.2.3.
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Compiling the Ethereal distribution using GTK+2
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-----------------------------------------------
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The more recent version 2 of the GTK+ can be used to compile
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Ethereal with, but is still considered beta.
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GTK+2 will look better in various ways, especially for WIN32 users.
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You can get the required libraries from:
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http://www.ethereal.com/distribution/win32/development/gtk2
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or (like the GTK+1 libraries from the GTK+ for Win32 project):
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http://www.gimp.org/~tml/gimp/win32/downloads.html
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If you want to try a build with GTK+2.x these Extra libraries are needed
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Package Default Location
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------- ----------------
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gtk+-2.2.4-20040124.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk2
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gtk+-dev-2.2.4-20040124.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk2
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pango-1.2.5-20040124.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk2
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pango-dev-1.2.5-20040124.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk2
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atk-1.4.0.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk2
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atk-dev-1.4.0.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk2
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and optional:
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gtk-wimp-0.5.3-bin.zip C:\ethereal-win32-libs\gtk-wimp
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Be sure to set GTK2_DIR in config.nmake correct, to be able to compile.
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Running your freshly compiled Ethereal
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--------------------------------------
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Make sure the glib and gtk DLL's are in your path or you use a directory
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where all required DLL's and the exe files reside.- i.e., that your
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path includes the directory (folder) or directories (folders) in which
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those DLLs are found - when you run Ethereal.
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Note the wiretap*.dll must be in your path as well and if wiretap is changed
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be sure to put the new one in your path.
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Plugins (gryphon.dll and mgcp.dll) can go in:
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<Ethereal installation directory>\plugins\<version>
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Where <version> is the version number, without brackets. For example,
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if you have Ethereal 0.9.8 installed in the default location, plugins
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will reside in C:\Program Files\Ethereal\plugins\0.9.8
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Yes, the location of plugins needs to be more flexible.
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Instructions for MS Visual C++
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----------------------------
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Modify the config.nmake file in the top directory of the Ethereal source
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tree to work for your local configuration; if you don't have Python,
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comment out the line that defines PYTHON, otherwise set it to refer to
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the pathname of your Python interpreter executable. You should not have
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to modify any other Makefile.
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Note that perl is needed to build the documentation, the lines in config.nmake
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POD2MAN=$(SH) pod2man
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POD2HTML=$(SH) pod2html
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requires Cygwin bash and perl to work.
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Many of the file and directory names used in the build process go past
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the old 8.3 naming limitations. As a result, at least on Windows NT 4.0,
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Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows .NET Server, you should use the
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newer "cmd.exe" command interpreter instead of the old "command.com",
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as the "command.com" on Windows 2000, at least, can't handle non-8.3
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directory names. (It may be that the "command.com" in Windows 95, Windows
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98, and Windows Me, as it's the only command interpreter in those systems,
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can handle those directories. If not, it may not be possible to build
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Ethereal from the command line on those versions of Windows.)
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Be sure that your command-line environment is set up to compile
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and link with MSVC++. When installing MSVC++, you can have your
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system's environment set up to always allow compiling from the
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command line, or you can invoke the vcvars32.bat script, which can
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usually be found in the "VC98\Bin" subdirectory of the directory in
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which Visual Studio was installed.
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The first time you build Ethereal, run the script "cleanbld.bat" in the
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top-level Ethereal source directory to make sure that the "config.h"
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files will be reconstructed from the "config.h.win32" files. (If, for
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example, you have "config.h" files left over from a Unix build, a
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Windows build will fail.)
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In the ethereal directory, type "nmake -f makefile.nmake". It will
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recurse into the subdirectories as appropriate.
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Some generated source is created by traditionally "Unix-ish" tools.
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If you are building from an official distribution, these files are
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already generated, although they were generated on a Unix-compatible
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system. In most cases, the generated files can be used when building on
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Windows, but the files listed below as being generated by Flex can be
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used when building on Windows only when generated by a Windows version
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of Flex, so you will need a Windows version of Flex to do a Windows
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build. Those generated files are removed by the "cleanbld.bat" script,
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to make sure that versions left over from a Unix build aren't used.
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If you are building from a modified version of an official distribution,
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and you modified any of the source files listed below, you will need the
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tool(s) that generate output from those source files.
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If building from a CVS image, you'll need all the tools to generate C
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source.
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The "special" files and their requisite tools are:
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Source Output Tool
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------ ------ ----
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config.h.win32 config.h sed
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epan/config.h.win32 epan/config.h sed
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image/ethereal.rc.in image/ethereal.rc sed
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image/tethereal.rc.in image/tethereal.rc sed
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image/editcap.rc.in image/editcap.rc sed
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image/mergecap.rc.in image/mergecap.rc sed
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image/text2pcap.rc.in image/text2pcap.rc sed
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wiretap/config.h.win32 wiretap/config.h sed
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epan/dfilter/dfilter-scanner.l epan/dfilter/*.c Flex
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text2pcap-scanner.l *.c Flex
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wiretap/ascend-scanner.l *.c Flex
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wiretap/ascend-grammar.y *.c,*.h Bison/Yacc
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ncp2222.py packet-ncp2222.c Python
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make-reg-dotc, packet*.c register.c Bash + grep + sed
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or
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make-reg-dotc.py, packet*.c register.c Python
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make-tapreg-dotc, tap-*.c tethereal-tap-register.c
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Bash + grep + sed
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make-tapreg-dotc, tap files gtk/ethereal-tap-register.c
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in the gtk subdirectory Bash + grep + sed
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The Makefile.nmake supplied with the Ethereal distribution will, if
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PYTHON is defined in config.nmake, attempt to make register.c with
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Python, since it is much much much faster than the shell version. The
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reason it is faster is because the shell version launches multiple
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processes (grep, sed) for each source file, multiple times. The Python
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script is one process. This matters a lot on Win32.
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If you have a Unix system handy, you can first build on Unix to create
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most of the source files that these tools make, then run the build on
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Windows. That will avoid the need for these tools on your Windows
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computer. This won't work for the files in the "image" directory,
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however, as those aren't built on Unix - they're only for Windows
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builds. It also won't work for the "config.h" files; whilst those are
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built for Unix, they're specific to the platform on which you're
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building, and the "config.h" files constructed for a Unix build will not
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work with a Windows build. In addition, it won't work for the files
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generated by Flex, as, for a Windows build, those have to be generated
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by a Windows version of Flex.
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Most of those tools are available for Win32 systems as part of the
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Cygwin package:
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http://www.cygwin.com/
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After installing them, you will probably have to modify the config.nmake
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file to specify where the Cygwin binaries are installed.
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Note that installing cygwin with the "Default Text File Type" set to DOS
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may break the compilation because all the required tools may not be found.
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Set this parameter to UNIX instead.
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Python for Win32 is available from:
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http://www.python.org/
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Build an (NSIS based) installer
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-------------------------------
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If you want to build your own installer, you need to get NSIS from:
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http://nsis.sourceforge.net/home/
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After installing it, you will probably have to modify the config.nmake
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file to specify where the NSIS binaries are installed and wether to use the modern UI or not.
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You will need NSIS version 2 or higher, to build an installer with the modern user interface,
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and for a much smaller installer (using the lzma compression).
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In the ethereal directory, type "nmake -f makefile.nmake packaging" to build the installer.
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Please be patient while the compression is done, it will take some time even on fast machines.
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You will hopefully now see something like ethereal-setup-0.10.2.exe in the dir packaging/nsis.
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Installing GTK-Wimp
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-------------------
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GTK-Wimp can be used to get a native Look-and-Feel on WinXP machines,
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especially with the new "coloured" WinXP theme. It will only take effect
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together with the GTK2 version of Ethereal.
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No changes to the Ethereal sources are needed, GTK-Wimp simply changes the
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way GTK2 displays the widgets (by changing the GTK2 default theme).
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GTK-Wimp might already be installed. In this case, the files mentioned below
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are already existing at the appropriate places.
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If GTK-Wimp isn't installed, you can install it yourself:
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1. Go to http://gtk-wimp.sourceforge.net/
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2. Download the ZIP archive containing the library and the theme
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3. Locate the installation directory of Ethereal (C:\Program Files\Ethereal)
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4. Create a subdirectory 'share\themes\Default\gtk-2.0'
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5. Drop the file 'gtkrc' in 'share\themes\Default\gtk-2.0'
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6. Create a subdirectory named 'lib\gtk-2.0\2.2.0\engines'
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7. Drop the 'libwimp.dll' library in 'lib\gtk-2.0\2.2.0\engines'
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When you're finished, you should have:
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C:\Program Files\Ethereal\lib\gtk-2.0\2.2.0\engines\libwimp.dll
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C:\Program Files\Ethereal\share\themes\Default\gtk-2.0\gtkrc
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After (re-)starting Ethereal, you should now see it's widgets in the modern
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WinXP style on your screen.
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Problems with MS Visual C++ Version 7 / VC.NET
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----------------------------------------------
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Beside licensing problems with these compilers, there are known problems
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with DLL's. If Ethereal is compiled with MSVC Version 7, there are
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conflicts in the MSVCRT DLL's, The MSVCRT.DLL includes the standard
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ANSI-C functions like fopen, malloc, etc.. MSVCRT.DLL is shipped with
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the MSVC 6 compiler versions, and dynamically linked to prebuild DLL's
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like the one's for gtk, glib and such. The MSVC 7 compiler now uses and
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ships MSVCRT71.DLL with it, which is incompatible with MSVCRT.DLL. So
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when using the MSVC 7 compiler, some parts of the Ethereal code uses
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MSVCRT71.DLL, and some others (indirectly from e.g. the gtk DLL) will
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use MSVCRT.DLL. This will result in incorrect file handles and such.
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The same problem seems to apply on all MSVC compilers after version 6, like the
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"Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003".
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Instructions for Cygwin
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It is possible to build Ethereal under Cygwin using their version
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of XFree86. References:
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- http://www.ethereal.com/lists/ethereal-dev/200205/msg00107.html
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- http://www.ethereal.com/lists/ethereal-dev/200302/msg00026.html
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To get it running, execute the following steps:
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1. Install the required cygwin packages (compiler, scripting, X, zlib)
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with the CygWin setup.exe tool (http://www.cygwin.com/).
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You need the base Xfree86 support plus the X headers package in order
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to be able to compile the gtk+ package.
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2. Download glib-1.2.10 and gtk+-1.2.10 from a mirror of www.gnome.org.
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3. Retrieve the patches for glib-1.2.10 and gtk+-1.2.10 from
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http://homepage.ntlworld.com/steven.obrien2/
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+ glib-1.2.10
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http://homepage.ntlworld.com/steven.obrien2/ (URL cont'd on next line)
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/libs/patches/glib-1.2.10-cygwin.patch
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+ gtk+-1.2.10
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http://homepage.ntlworld.com/steven.obrien2/ (URL cont'd on next line)
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/libs/patches/gtk+-1.2.10-cygwin.patch
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4. Compile and install both packages after patching (see instructions
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at the bottom of http://homepage.ntlworld.com/steven.obrien2/):
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Set the path:
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$ PATH=/opt/gnome/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH
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For glib-1.2.10:
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$ cd glib-1.2.10
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$ patch -p1 < /path/to/glib-1.2.10-cygwin.patch
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$ CFLAGS=-O2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gnome --with-threads=posix
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$ make
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$ make check
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$ make install
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For gtk+-1.2.10:
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$ cd gtk+-1.2.10
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$ patch -p1 < /path/to/gtk+-1.2.10-cygwin.patch
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$ CFLAGS=-O2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gnome
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$ make
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$ make check
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$ make install
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5. Patch Makefile.am in <ethereal-src>/gtk/Makefile.am by
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removing "ethclist.c" from the dependencies.
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This patch is required since the private GTK+ clist widget
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(was required for earlier versions of GTK+ but prevents Ethereal
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from running with cygwin).
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6. Configure and make Ethereal:
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Set the path (if this has not yet been done earlier)
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$ PATH=/opt/gnome/bin:$PATH
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$ ./autogen.sh
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$ ./configure --config-cache --without-pcap
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$ make
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7. Start X
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$ sh /usr/X11R6/bin/startxwin.sh
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Or you can start it from C:\cygwin\usr\X11R6\bin\startxwin.bat
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8. Run ethereal (add /opt/gnome/bin to $PATH if this is not yet done)
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$ <ethereal-src>/ethereal
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And voila! Behold the mighty sniffer in all its glory!
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Note that the plugin dissectors must be installed (make install) if you
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want to use them. Note also that running "make install" produces lots of
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output to the console; this is normal.
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Note: Compiling Ethereal under cygwin takes a lot of time, because the
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generation of 'register.c' takes ages. If you only edit one dissector and
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you know what you're doing, it is acceptable to uncomment the generation
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of the file 'register.c' in Makefile. Look for the 'register.c' target:
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register.c: $(DISSECTOR_SRC) $(srcdir)/make-reg-dotc
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@echo Making register.c
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# @$(srcdir)/make-reg-dotc register.c $(srcdir) $(DISSECTOR_SRC)
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@echo Skipping generation of register.c
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Of course, you need to generate the 'register.c' file at least once.
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Note: You can also capture packets on a cygwin built Ethereal. You then have
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to unpack the WinPCap development package, install the files in lib/ and
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include/ in say /usr/lib and /usr/include (they must be in the search path of
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the compiler and linker, otherwise you have to specify the configure option
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--with-pcap=/location/to/pcap so the packet capture functionality can be used.
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In order to run Ethereal, you have to add the .dll files in a directory in the
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PATH (e.g., /bin).
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Should you want packet capturing enabled in the cygwin build, then you have to
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remove --without-pcap from step 6.
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