wireshark/README.hpux

$Id: README.hpux,v 1.9 2000/02/19 22:00:24 guy Exp $

Contents:

1 - Building ethereal
2 - nettl support
3 - "libpcap" on HP-UX

1 - Building ethereal

The Software Porting And Archive Centre for HP-UX, at

	http://hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk/

(and with mirrors in various countries, listed on the Centre's home
page) has ported versions, in both source and binary form, for Ethereal,
as well as for the "libpcap", GLib, GTK+, "zlib", and CMU SNMP libraries
that it uses.

The changes they've made appear largely to be compile option changes; if
you've downloaded the source to the latest version of Ethereal (the
version on the Centre's site may not necessarily be the latest version),
it should be able to compile, perhaps with those changes.

They appear to have used HP-UX's "cc" compiler, with the options "-Ae
-O"; there's a comment "Add -Dhpux_9 if building under 9.X".  It may
also build with GCC.

2 - nettl support

nettl is used on HP-UX to trace various streams based subsystems.  Ethereal
can read nettl files containing IP frames (NS_LS_IP subsystem) and LAPB
frames (SX25L2 subsystem).
It has been tested with files generated on HP-UX 9.04 and 10.20.

Use the following commands to generate a trace (cf. nettl(1M)):

# IP capture. 0x30000000 means PDU in and PDU out :
nettl -tn 0x30000000 -e NS_LS_IP -f tracefile
# X25 capture. You must specify an interface :
nettl -tn 0x30000000 -e SX25l2 -d /dev/x25_0 -f tracefile
# stop capture. subsystem is NS_LS_IP or SX25L2 :
nettl -tf -e subsystem

One may be able to specify "-tn pduin pduout" rather than
"-tn 0x30000000"; the nettl man page for HP-UX 10.30 implies that it
should work.

3 - "libpcap" on HP-UX

If you want to use Ethereal to capture packets, you will have to install
"libpcap"; the INSTALL file for "libpcap" has several comments about
HP-UX, which you should read if you're going to install and use
"libpcap" on HP-UX.

Another note, from a mail message to the "ethereal-users" list:

  Date: Wed, 22 Dec 1999 09:05:47 -0600 (EST)
  From: Gerald Combs <gerald@zing.org>
  To: Lothar Seitter <lothar.seitter@arcormail.de>
  cc: ethereal-users@zing.org
  Subject: Re: [ethereal-users] permission problem with capturing

  On Wed, 22 Dec 1999, Lothar Seitter wrote:

  > running 'ethereal' under HP-UX 11 with root permission and
  > /dev/lan0 set to 777, I always get the message:
  > "There are no network interfaces that can be opened.
  > Please to make sure you have sufficient permission to 
  > capture packets."
  > 
  > I start ethereal with 'etheral -i lan0' and lan0 is definitely
  > the lan interface.
  > 
  > What am I missing???

  You may need to reference the card's DLPI device directly.  We were having
  trouble getting Ethereal to capture on an HP-UX 10.20 machine here.  I
  found an article on Deja News that says:

  "To access a particular interface, you would say "tcpdump -i /dev/dlpiN"
  where N is the PPA of the interface you wish to use. You get the PPA by
  looking at the output of lanscan. On 10.20, it is the same value as the
  NMID. On 11.X, it is the Card Instance number."

  This didn't help in our case, but it might in yours.  The full article is
  at http://x34.deja.com/[ST_rn=ps]/getdoc.xp?AN=549366486 .

  Another article by the same author mentions that experimental versions of
  libpcap and tcpdump are available at
  ftp://ftp.cup.hp.com/dist/networking/tools/ .  The article itself is at
  http://x34.deja.com/[ST_rn=ps]/getdoc.xp?AN=558665378 .

The first of those articles also says:

  BTW, before you have to make a follow-up post, you will find that
  unless you have the latest lan common/DLPI/driver patches installed,
  you will _not_ see the system's own outbound traffic.

It appears that a consequence of the fact that HP-UX's DLPI doesn't work
like Solaris's, in that, on Solaris, to get at the device "hme0", say,
"libpcap" has to open "/dev/hme" and then tell it to use the 0th
interface, whilst on HP-UX you have to go through "/dev/dlpi", you won't
get a list of interfaces in the dialog box for "Capture:Start" - you'll
have to do through the aforementioned song and dance to find the PPA of
the interface you want to use, and supply the "dlpiN" name by hand (I
think you can omit the "/dev/" in both tcpdump and Ethereal).

Here is a patch to "pcap-dlpi.c" in libpcap that, at least on HP-UX
11.X, allows the name of the network interface, rather than the "dlpiN"
name, to be specified to tcpdump and Ethereal.  It has not been tried on
HP-UX 10.20; it fixes one bug that could have caused the code in vanilla
libpcap not to correctly find the PPA for an interface on HP-UX 10.20,
but HP-UX 10.20's DLPI doesn't supply, in the data returned by a
DL_HP_PPA_REQ request, network interface names, so, on systems without
the network interface names in that data, the code continues to check
the major device number.

On HP-UX 11.00, the patch allows a network interface to be specified by
name as an argument to tcpdump, rather than requiring that you specify a
"dlpiN" name (and it should work equally well with Ethereal).

If you try this code on HP-UX 10.20, and it doesn't let you specify the
interface by name, please send mail to ethereal-dev@zing.org, so that we
know that it didn't work - we'll probably send you debugging patches in
the hopes of being able to make it work on 10.20 as well.

Here's the patch (to vanilla libpcap 0.4; it patches "configure",
"aclocal.m4", and "configure.in", to make the configure script check
whether your version of HP-UX supplies the interface names in the reply
to a DL_HP_PPA_REQ request, and "pcap-dlpi.c"):

*** ../libpcap-0.4/configure	Sat Jul 25 12:41:51 1998
--- configure	Fri Jan 14 00:40:04 2000
***************
*** 1702,1709 ****
  
      fi
  
  echo $ac_n "checking if unaligned accesses fail""... $ac_c" 1>&6
! echo "configure:1707: checking if unaligned accesses fail" >&5
      if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_lbl_unaligned_fail'+set}'`\" = set"; then
    echo $ac_n "(cached) $ac_c" 1>&6
  else
--- 1702,1745 ----
  
      fi
  
+ echo $ac_n "checking if dl_hp_ppa_info_t struct has dl_module_id_1 member""... $ac_c" 1>&6
+ echo "configure:1707: checking if dl_hp_ppa_info_t struct has dl_module_id_1 member" >&5
+     if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1'+set}'`\" = set"; then
+   echo $ac_n "(cached) $ac_c" 1>&6
+ else
+   cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+ #line 1712 "configure"
+ #include "confdefs.h"
+ 
+ #	include <sys/types.h>
+ #	include <sys/dlpi.h>
+ #	include <sys/dlpi_ext.h>
+ int main() {
+ u_int i = sizeof(((dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)0)->dl_module_id_1)
+ ; return 0; }
+ EOF
+ if { (eval echo configure:1722: \"$ac_compile\") 1>&5; (eval $ac_compile) 2>&5; }; then
+   rm -rf conftest*
+   ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1=yes
+ else
+   echo "configure: failed program was:" >&5
+   cat conftest.$ac_ext >&5
+   rm -rf conftest*
+   ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1=no
+ fi
+ rm -f conftest*
+ fi
+ 
+     echo "$ac_t""$ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1" 1>&6
+     if test $ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1 = yes ; then
+ 	    cat >> confdefs.h <<\EOF
+ #define HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1 1
+ EOF
+ 
+     fi
+ 
  echo $ac_n "checking if unaligned accesses fail""... $ac_c" 1>&6
! echo "configure:1743: checking if unaligned accesses fail" >&5
      if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_lbl_unaligned_fail'+set}'`\" = set"; then
    echo $ac_n "(cached) $ac_c" 1>&6
  else
***************
*** 1799,1805 ****
  # SVR4 /usr/ucb/install, which tries to use the nonexistent group "staff"
  # ./install, which can be erroneously created by make from ./install.sh.
  echo $ac_n "checking for a BSD compatible install""... $ac_c" 1>&6
! echo "configure:1803: checking for a BSD compatible install" >&5
  if test -z "$INSTALL"; then
  if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_path_install'+set}'`\" = set"; then
    echo $ac_n "(cached) $ac_c" 1>&6
--- 1835,1841 ----
  # SVR4 /usr/ucb/install, which tries to use the nonexistent group "staff"
  # ./install, which can be erroneously created by make from ./install.sh.
  echo $ac_n "checking for a BSD compatible install""... $ac_c" 1>&6
! echo "configure:1839: checking for a BSD compatible install" >&5
  if test -z "$INSTALL"; then
  if eval "test \"`echo '$''{'ac_cv_path_install'+set}'`\" = set"; then
    echo $ac_n "(cached) $ac_c" 1>&6


*** ../libpcap-0.4/aclocal.m4	Fri Jun 12 03:45:15 1998
--- aclocal.m4	Tue Jan  4 21:02:13 2000
***************
*** 415,420 ****
--- 415,454 ----
      fi])
  
  dnl
+ dnl Checks to see if the dl_hp_ppa_info_t struct has the HP-UX 11.00
+ dnl dl_module_id_1 member
+ dnl
+ dnl usage:
+ dnl
+ dnl	AC_LBL_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
+ dnl
+ dnl results:
+ dnl
+ dnl	HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1 (defined)
+ dnl
+ dnl NOTE: any compile failure means we conclude that it doesn't have
+ dnl that member, so if we don't have DLPI, don't have a <sys/dlpi_ext.h>
+ dnl header, or have one that doesn't declare a dl_hp_ppa_info_t type,
+ dnl we conclude it doesn't have that member (which is OK, as either we
+ dnl won't be using code that would use that member, or we wouldn't
+ dnl compile in any case).
+ dnl
+ AC_DEFUN(AC_LBL_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1,
+     [AC_MSG_CHECKING(if dl_hp_ppa_info_t struct has dl_module_id_1 member)
+     AC_CACHE_VAL(ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1,
+ 	AC_TRY_COMPILE([
+ #	include <sys/types.h>
+ #	include <sys/dlpi.h>
+ #	include <sys/dlpi_ext.h>],
+ 	[u_int i = sizeof(((dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)0)->dl_module_id_1)],
+ 	ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1=yes,
+ 	ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1=no))
+     AC_MSG_RESULT($ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1)
+     if test $ac_cv_lbl_dl_hp_ppa_info_t_has_dl_module_id_1 = yes ; then
+ 	    AC_DEFINE(HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1)
+     fi])
+ 
+ dnl
  dnl Checks to see if -R is used
  dnl
  dnl usage:


*** ../libpcap-0.4/configure.in	Sun Jul 27 22:16:22 1997
--- configure.in	Tue Jan  4 21:02:13 2000
***************
*** 154,159 ****
--- 154,161 ----
  
  AC_LBL_SOCKADDR_SA_LEN
  
+ AC_LBL_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
+ 
  AC_LBL_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
  
  if test "${srcdir}" = "." ; then

*** ../libpcap-0.4/pcap-dlpi.c	Wed Oct 15 21:59:34 1997
--- pcap-dlpi.c	Tue Jan  4 21:02:13 2000
***************
*** 246,255 ****
  	}
  	memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
  
  	/*
! 	** Determine device and ppa
  	*/
! 	cp = strpbrk(device, "0123456789");
  	if (cp == NULL) {
  		sprintf(ebuf, "%s missing unit number", device);
  		goto bad;
--- 246,266 ----
  	}
  	memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
  
+ #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
  	/*
! 	** Remove any "/dev/" on the front of the device.
  	*/
! 	cp = strrchr(device, '/');
! 	if (cp == NULL)
! 		cp = device;
! 	else
! 		cp++;
! 	strcpy(dname, cp);
! 
! 	/*
! 	 * Split the name into a device type and a unit number.
! 	 */
! 	cp = strpbrk(dname, "0123456789");
  	if (cp == NULL) {
  		sprintf(ebuf, "%s missing unit number", device);
  		goto bad;
***************
*** 259,281 ****
  		sprintf(ebuf, "%s bad unit number", device);
  		goto bad;
  	}
  
! 	if (*device == '/')
! 		strcpy(dname, device);
! 	else
! 		sprintf(dname, "%s/%s", PCAP_DEV_PREFIX, device);
! #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
! 	/* Map network device to /dev/dlpi unit */
  	cp = "/dev/dlpi";
  	if ((p->fd = open(cp, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
  		sprintf(ebuf, "%s: %s", cp, pcap_strerror(errno));
  		goto bad;
  	}
! 	/* Map network interface to /dev/dlpi unit */
  	ppa = get_dlpi_ppa(p->fd, dname, ppa, ebuf);
  	if (ppa < 0)
  		goto bad;
  #else
  	/* Try device without unit number */
  	strcpy(dname2, dname);
  	cp = strchr(dname, *cp);
--- 270,331 ----
  		sprintf(ebuf, "%s bad unit number", device);
  		goto bad;
  	}
+ 	*cp = '\0';
  
! 	/*
! 	 * Use "/dev/dlpi" as the device.
! 	 *
! 	 * XXX - HP's DLPI Programmer's Guide for HP-UX 11.00 says that
! 	 * the "dl_mjr_num" field is for the "major number of interface
! 	 * driver"; that's the major of "/dev/dlpi" on the system on
! 	 * which I tried this, but there may be DLPI devices that
! 	 * use a different driver, in which case we may need to
! 	 * search "/dev" for the appropriate device with that major
! 	 * device number, rather than hardwiring "/dev/dlpi".
! 	 *
! 	 * I'm assuming that the code that was used for HP-UX 10.x
! 	 * is valid, and therefore that, in 10.x, DLPIable devices have
! 	 * "/dev" entries corresponding to them and that their
! 	 * major device number is what appears in the "dl_hp_ppa_info_t"
! 	 * structure for that device.  We can search by name in 11.x
! 	 * (and we may have to, as it's not clear that DLPIable devices
! 	 * will have those sorts of "/dev" entries), but we can't in
! 	 * 10.x, as 10.x doesn't have the "dl_module_id_1" and
! 	 * "dl_module_id_2" members in the "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" structure.
! 	 */
  	cp = "/dev/dlpi";
  	if ((p->fd = open(cp, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
  		sprintf(ebuf, "%s: %s", cp, pcap_strerror(errno));
  		goto bad;
  	}
! 
! 	/*
! 	 * Get a table of all PPAs for that device, and search that
! 	 * table for the specified device type name and unit number.
! 	 */
  	ppa = get_dlpi_ppa(p->fd, dname, ppa, ebuf);
  	if (ppa < 0)
  		goto bad;
  #else
+ 	/*
+ 	** Determine device and ppa
+ 	*/
+ 	cp = strpbrk(device, "0123456789");
+ 	if (cp == NULL) {
+ 		sprintf(ebuf, "%s missing unit number", device);
+ 		goto bad;
+ 	}
+ 	ppa = strtol(cp, &eos, 10);
+ 	if (*eos != '\0') {
+ 		sprintf(ebuf, "%s bad unit number", device);
+ 		goto bad;
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	if (*device == '/')
+ 		strcpy(dname, device);
+ 	else
+ 		sprintf(dname, "%s/%s", PCAP_DEV_PREFIX, device);
+ 
  	/* Try device without unit number */
  	strcpy(dname2, dname);
  	cp = strchr(dname, *cp);
***************
*** 391,397 ****
  		break;
  
  	default:
! 		sprintf(ebuf, "unknown mac type 0x%lu", infop->dl_mac_type);
  		goto bad;
  	}
  
--- 441,448 ----
  		break;
  
  	default:
! 		sprintf(ebuf, "unknown mac type 0x%lu",
! 		    (unsigned long)infop->dl_mac_type);
  		goto bad;
  	}
  
***************
*** 709,715 ****
  
  #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_ACK_OBS
  /*
!  * Under HP-UX 10, we can ask for the ppa
   */
  
  
--- 760,766 ----
  
  #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_ACK_OBS
  /*
!  * Under HP-UX 10 and HP-UX 11, we can ask for the ppa
   */
  
  
***************
*** 719,736 ****
      register char *ebuf)
  {
  	register dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *ap;
! 	register dl_hp_ppa_info_t *ip;
  	register int i;
  	register u_long majdev;
- 	dl_hp_ppa_req_t	req;
  	struct stat statbuf;
  	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
  
! 	if (stat(device, &statbuf) < 0) {
! 		sprintf(ebuf, "stat: %s: %s", device, pcap_strerror(errno));
  		return (-1);
  	}
  	majdev = major(statbuf.st_rdev);
  
  	memset((char *)&req, 0, sizeof(req));
  	req.dl_primitive = DL_HP_PPA_REQ;
--- 770,800 ----
      register char *ebuf)
  {
  	register dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *ap;
! 	register dl_hp_ppa_info_t *ipstart, *ip;
  	register int i;
+ #ifndef HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
+ 	char dname[100];
  	register u_long majdev;
  	struct stat statbuf;
+ #endif
+ 	dl_hp_ppa_req_t	req;
  	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
  
! #ifndef HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
! 	/*
! 	 * HP-UX 10 doesn't put the interface name in the
! 	 * "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" structure, so we have to
! 	 * try to get the major device number for the device
! 	 * corresponding to the device and unit name provided to
! 	 * us, and search for the entry with that major device number.
! 	 */
! 	sprintf(dname, "/dev/%s%d", device, unit);
! 	if (stat(dname, &statbuf) < 0) {
! 		sprintf(ebuf, "stat: %s: %s", dname, pcap_strerror(errno));
  		return (-1);
  	}
  	majdev = major(statbuf.st_rdev);
+ #endif
  
  	memset((char *)&req, 0, sizeof(req));
  	req.dl_primitive = DL_HP_PPA_REQ;
***************
*** 741,760 ****
  		return (-1);
  
  	ap = (dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *)buf;
! 	ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ap + ap->dl_offset);
  
          for(i = 0; i < ap->dl_count; i++) {
!                 if (ip->dl_mjr_num == majdev && ip->dl_instance_num == unit)
                          break;
  
!                 ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ip + ip->dl_next_offset);
          }
          if (i == ap->dl_count) {
!                 sprintf(ebuf, "can't find PPA for %s", device);
  		return (-1);
          }
          if (ip->dl_hdw_state == HDW_DEAD) {
!                 sprintf(ebuf, "%s: hardware state: DOWN\n", device);
  		return (-1);
          }
          return ((int)ip->dl_ppa);
--- 805,831 ----
  		return (-1);
  
  	ap = (dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *)buf;
! 	ipstart = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ap + ap->dl_offset);
! 	ip = ipstart;
  
          for(i = 0; i < ap->dl_count; i++) {
! #ifdef HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
! 		if ((strcmp(ip->dl_module_id_1, device) == 0 ||
! 		     strcmp(ip->dl_module_id_2, device) == 0) &&
! #else
!                 if (ip->dl_mjr_num == majdev &&
! #endif
! 		    ip->dl_instance_num == unit)
                          break;
  
!                 ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ipstart + ip->dl_next_offset);
          }
          if (i == ap->dl_count) {
!                 sprintf(ebuf, "can't find PPA for %s%d", device, unit);
  		return (-1);
          }
          if (ip->dl_hdw_state == HDW_DEAD) {
!                 sprintf(ebuf, "%s%d: hardware state: DOWN\n", device, unit);
  		return (-1);
          }
          return ((int)ip->dl_ppa);
***************
*** 783,789 ****
  	register int kd;
  	void *addr;
  	struct ifnet ifnet;
! 	char if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name)], tifname[32];
  
  	cp = strrchr(ifname, '/');
  	if (cp != NULL)
--- 854,860 ----
  	register int kd;
  	void *addr;
  	struct ifnet ifnet;
! 	char if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name) + 1];
  
  	cp = strrchr(ifname, '/');
  	if (cp != NULL)
***************
*** 811,823 ****
  		if (dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)addr,
  		    &ifnet, sizeof(ifnet), ebuf) < 0 ||
  		    dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)ifnet.if_name,
! 		    if_name, sizeof(if_name), ebuf) < 0) {
  			(void)close(kd);
  			return (-1);
  		}
! 		sprintf(tifname, "%.*s%d",
! 		    (int)sizeof(if_name), if_name, ifnet.if_unit);
! 		if (strcmp(tifname, ifname) == 0)
  			return (ifnet.if_index);
  	}
  
--- 882,893 ----
  		if (dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)addr,
  		    &ifnet, sizeof(ifnet), ebuf) < 0 ||
  		    dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)ifnet.if_name,
! 		    if_name, sizeof(ifnet.if_name), ebuf) < 0) {
  			(void)close(kd);
  			return (-1);
  		}
! 		if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name)] = '\0';
! 		if (strcmp(if_name, ifname) == 0 && ifnet.if_unit == unit)
  			return (ifnet.if_index);
  	}