/* IPsec DOI and Oakley resolution routines
 * Copyright (C) 1997 Angelos D. Keromytis.
 * Copyright (C) 1998-2002  D. Hugh Redelmeier.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
 * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
 * option) any later version.  See <http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.txt>.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
 * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * for more details.
 *
 * RCSID $Id$
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <resolv.h>
#include <arpa/nameser.h>	/* missing from <resolv.h> on old systems */
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <sys/time.h>		/* for gettimeofday */

#include <freeswan.h>
#include <ipsec_policy.h>

#include "constants.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "mp_defs.h"
#include "state.h"
#include "id.h"
#include "x509.h"
#include "crl.h"
#include "ca.h"
#include "certs.h"
#include "smartcard.h"
#include "connections.h"
#include "keys.h"
#include "packet.h"
#include "demux.h"	/* needs packet.h */
#include "adns.h"	/* needs <resolv.h> */
#include "dnskey.h"	/* needs keys.h and adns.h */
#include "kernel.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "cookie.h"
#include "server.h"
#include "spdb.h"
#include "timer.h"
#include "rnd.h"
#include "ipsec_doi.h"	/* needs demux.h and state.h */
#include "whack.h"
#include "fetch.h"
#include "pkcs7.h"
#include "asn1.h"

#include "sha1.h"
#include "md5.h"
#include "crypto.h" /* requires sha1.h and md5.h */
#include "vendor.h"
#include "alg_info.h"
#include "ike_alg.h"
#include "kernel_alg.h"
#include "nat_traversal.h"
#include "virtual.h"

/*
 * are we sending Pluto's Vendor ID?
 */
#ifdef VENDORID
#define SEND_PLUTO_VID	1
#else /* !VENDORID */
#define SEND_PLUTO_VID	0
#endif /* !VENDORID */

/*
 * are we sending an XAUTH VID?
 */
#ifdef XAUTH_VID
#define SEND_XAUTH_VID	1
#else /* !XAUTH_VID */
#define SEND_XAUTH_VID	0
#endif /* !XAUTH_VID */

/*
 * are we sending a Cisco Unity VID?
 */
#ifdef CISCO_QUIRKS
#define SEND_CISCO_UNITY_VID	1
#else /* !CISCO_QUIRKS */
#define SEND_CISCO_UNITY_VID	0
#endif /* !CISCO_QUIRKS */

/* MAGIC: perform f, a function that returns notification_t
 * and return from the ENCLOSING stf_status returning function if it fails.
 */
#define RETURN_STF_FAILURE(f) \
    { int r = (f); if (r != NOTHING_WRONG) return STF_FAIL + r; }

/* create output HDR as replica of input HDR */
void
echo_hdr(struct msg_digest *md, bool enc, u_int8_t np)
{
    struct isakmp_hdr r_hdr = md->hdr;	/* mostly same as incoming header */

    r_hdr.isa_flags &= ~ISAKMP_FLAG_COMMIT;	/* we won't ever turn on this bit */
    if (enc)
	r_hdr.isa_flags |= ISAKMP_FLAG_ENCRYPTION;
    /* some day, we may have to set r_hdr.isa_version */
    r_hdr.isa_np = np;
    if (!out_struct(&r_hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &md->reply, &md->rbody))
	impossible();	/* surely must have room and be well-formed */
}

/* Compute DH shared secret from our local secret and the peer's public value.
 * We make the leap that the length should be that of the group
 * (see quoted passage at start of ACCEPT_KE).
 */
static void
compute_dh_shared(struct state *st, const chunk_t g
, const struct oakley_group_desc *group)
{
    MP_INT mp_g, mp_shared;
    struct timeval tv0, tv1;
    unsigned long tv_diff;

    gettimeofday(&tv0, NULL);
    passert(st->st_sec_in_use);
    n_to_mpz(&mp_g, g.ptr, g.len);
    mpz_init(&mp_shared);
    mpz_powm(&mp_shared, &mp_g, &st->st_sec, group->modulus);
    mpz_clear(&mp_g);
    freeanychunk(st->st_shared);	/* happens in odd error cases */
    st->st_shared = mpz_to_n(&mp_shared, group->bytes);
    mpz_clear(&mp_shared);
    gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
    tv_diff=(tv1.tv_sec  - tv0.tv_sec) * 1000000 + (tv1.tv_usec - tv0.tv_usec);
    DBG(DBG_CRYPT, 
    	DBG_log("compute_dh_shared(): time elapsed (%s): %ld usec"
		, enum_show(&oakley_group_names, st->st_oakley.group->group)
		, tv_diff);
       );
    /* if took more than 200 msec ... */
    if (tv_diff > 200000) {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "WARNING: compute_dh_shared(): for %s took "
			"%ld usec"
		, enum_show(&oakley_group_names, st->st_oakley.group->group)
		, tv_diff);
    }

    DBG_cond_dump_chunk(DBG_CRYPT, "DH shared secret:\n", st->st_shared);
}

/* if we haven't already done so, compute a local DH secret (st->st_sec) and
 * the corresponding public value (g).  This is emitted as a KE payload.
 */
static bool
build_and_ship_KE(struct state *st, chunk_t *g
, const struct oakley_group_desc *group, pb_stream *outs, u_int8_t np)
{
    if (!st->st_sec_in_use)
    {
	u_char tmp[LOCALSECRETSIZE];
	MP_INT mp_g;

	get_rnd_bytes(tmp, LOCALSECRETSIZE);
	st->st_sec_in_use = TRUE;
	n_to_mpz(&st->st_sec, tmp, LOCALSECRETSIZE);

	mpz_init(&mp_g);
	mpz_powm(&mp_g, &groupgenerator, &st->st_sec, group->modulus);
	freeanychunk(*g);	/* happens in odd error cases */
	*g = mpz_to_n(&mp_g, group->bytes);
	mpz_clear(&mp_g);
	DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
	    DBG_dump("Local DH secret:\n", tmp, LOCALSECRETSIZE);
	    DBG_dump_chunk("Public DH value sent:\n", *g));
    }
    return out_generic_chunk(np, &isakmp_keyex_desc, outs, *g, "keyex value");
}

/* accept_ke
 *
 * Check and accept DH public value (Gi or Gr) from peer's message.
 * According to RFC2409 "The Internet key exchange (IKE)" 5:
 *  The Diffie-Hellman public value passed in a KE payload, in either
 *  a phase 1 or phase 2 exchange, MUST be the length of the negotiated
 *  Diffie-Hellman group enforced, if necessary, by pre-pending the
 *  value with zeros.
 */
static notification_t
accept_KE(chunk_t *dest, const char *val_name
, const struct oakley_group_desc *gr
, pb_stream *pbs)
{
    if (pbs_left(pbs) != gr->bytes)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "KE has %u byte DH public value; %u required"
	    , (unsigned) pbs_left(pbs), (unsigned) gr->bytes);
	/* XXX Could send notification back */
	return INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
    }
    clonereplacechunk(*dest, pbs->cur, pbs_left(pbs), val_name);
    DBG_cond_dump_chunk(DBG_CRYPT, "DH public value received:\n", *dest);
    return NOTHING_WRONG;
}

/* accept_PFS_KE
 *
 * Check and accept optional Quick Mode KE payload for PFS.
 * Extends ACCEPT_PFS to check whether KE is allowed or required.
 */
static notification_t
accept_PFS_KE(struct msg_digest *md, chunk_t *dest
, const char *val_name, const char *msg_name)
{
    struct state *st = md->st;
    struct payload_digest *const ke_pd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_KE];

    if (ke_pd == NULL)
    {
	if (st->st_pfs_group != NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "missing KE payload in %s message", msg_name);
	    return INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
	}
    }
    else
    {
	if (st->st_pfs_group == NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s message KE payload requires a GROUP_DESCRIPTION attribute in SA"
		, msg_name);
	    return INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
	}
	if (ke_pd->next != NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s message contains several KE payloads; we accept at most one", msg_name);
	    return INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;	/* ??? */
	}
	return accept_KE(dest, val_name, st->st_pfs_group, &ke_pd->pbs);
    }
    return NOTHING_WRONG;
}

static bool
build_and_ship_nonce(chunk_t *n, pb_stream *outs, u_int8_t np
, const char *name)
{
    freeanychunk(*n);
    setchunk(*n, alloc_bytes(DEFAULT_NONCE_SIZE, name), DEFAULT_NONCE_SIZE);
    get_rnd_bytes(n->ptr, DEFAULT_NONCE_SIZE);
    return out_generic_chunk(np, &isakmp_nonce_desc, outs, *n, name);
}

static bool
collect_rw_ca_candidates(struct msg_digest *md, generalName_t **top)
{
    struct connection *d = find_host_connection(&md->iface->addr
	, pluto_port, (ip_address*)NULL, md->sender_port, LEMPTY);

    for (; d != NULL; d = d->hp_next)
    {
	/* must be a road warrior connection */
	if (d->kind == CK_TEMPLATE && !(d->policy & POLICY_OPPO)
	&& d->spd.that.ca.ptr != NULL)
	{
	    generalName_t *gn;
	    bool new_entry = TRUE;

	    for (gn = *top; gn != NULL; gn = gn->next)
	    {
		if (same_dn(gn->name, d->spd.that.ca))
		{
		    new_entry = FALSE;
		    break;
		}
	    }
	    if (new_entry)
	    {
		gn = alloc_thing(generalName_t, "generalName");
		gn->kind = GN_DIRECTORY_NAME;
		gn->name = d->spd.that.ca;
		gn->next = *top;
		*top = gn;
	    }
	}
    }
    return *top != NULL;
}

static bool
build_and_ship_CR(u_int8_t type, chunk_t ca, pb_stream *outs, u_int8_t np)
{
    pb_stream cr_pbs;
    struct isakmp_cr cr_hd;
    cr_hd.isacr_np = np;
    cr_hd.isacr_type = type;

    /* build CR header */
    if (!out_struct(&cr_hd, &isakmp_ipsec_cert_req_desc, outs, &cr_pbs))
	return FALSE;

    if (ca.ptr != NULL)
    {
	/* build CR body containing the distinguished name of the CA */
	if (!out_chunk(ca, &cr_pbs, "CA"))
	    return FALSE;
    }
    close_output_pbs(&cr_pbs);
    return TRUE;
}

/* Send a notification to the peer.  We could decide
 * whether to send the notification, based on the type and the
 * destination, if we care to.
 */
static void
send_notification(struct state *sndst, u_int16_t type, struct state *encst,
    msgid_t msgid, u_char *icookie, u_char *rcookie,
    u_char *spi, size_t spisize, u_char protoid)
{
    u_char buffer[1024];
    pb_stream pbs, r_hdr_pbs;
    u_char *r_hashval    = NULL;  /* where in reply to jam hash value */
    u_char *r_hash_start = NULL;  /* start of what is to be hashed */

    passert((sndst) && (sndst->st_connection));

    plog("sending %snotification %s to %s:%u"
	, encst ? "encrypted " : ""
	, enum_name(&notification_names, type)
	, ip_str(&sndst->st_connection->spd.that.host_addr)
	, (unsigned)sndst->st_connection->spd.that.host_port);

    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
    init_pbs(&pbs, buffer, sizeof(buffer), "ISAKMP notify");

    /* HDR* */
    {
	struct isakmp_hdr hdr;

	hdr.isa_version = ISAKMP_MAJOR_VERSION << ISA_MAJ_SHIFT | ISAKMP_MINOR_VERSION;
	hdr.isa_np = encst ? ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH : ISAKMP_NEXT_N;
	hdr.isa_xchg = ISAKMP_XCHG_INFO;
	hdr.isa_msgid = msgid;
	hdr.isa_flags = encst ? ISAKMP_FLAG_ENCRYPTION : 0;
	if (icookie)
	    memcpy(hdr.isa_icookie, icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	if (rcookie)
	    memcpy(hdr.isa_rcookie, rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	if (!out_struct(&hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &pbs, &r_hdr_pbs))
	    impossible();
    }

    /* HASH -- value to be filled later */
    if (encst)
    {
	pb_stream hash_pbs;
	if (!out_generic(ISAKMP_NEXT_N, &isakmp_hash_desc, &r_hdr_pbs,
	    &hash_pbs))
	    impossible();
	r_hashval = hash_pbs.cur;  /* remember where to plant value */
	if (!out_zero(
	encst->st_oakley.hasher->hash_digest_size, &hash_pbs, "HASH"))
	    impossible();
	close_output_pbs(&hash_pbs);
	r_hash_start = r_hdr_pbs.cur; /* hash from after HASH */
    }

    /* Notification Payload */
    {
	pb_stream not_pbs;
	struct isakmp_notification isan;

	isan.isan_doi = ISAKMP_DOI_IPSEC;
	isan.isan_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;
	isan.isan_type = type;
	isan.isan_spisize = spisize;
	isan.isan_protoid = protoid;

	if (!out_struct(&isan, &isakmp_notification_desc, &r_hdr_pbs, &not_pbs)
	    || !out_raw(spi, spisize, &not_pbs, "spi"))
	    impossible();
	close_output_pbs(&not_pbs);
    }

    /* calculate hash value and patch into Hash Payload */
    if (encst)
    {
	struct hmac_ctx ctx;
	hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, encst->st_oakley.hasher, encst->st_skeyid_a);
	hmac_update(&ctx, (u_char *) &msgid, sizeof(msgid_t));
	hmac_update(&ctx, r_hash_start, r_hdr_pbs.cur-r_hash_start);
	hmac_final(r_hashval, &ctx);

	DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
	    DBG_log("HASH computed:");
	    DBG_dump("", r_hashval, ctx.hmac_digest_size);
	)
    }

    /* Encrypt message (preserve st_iv and st_new_iv) */
    if (encst)
    {
	u_char old_iv[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
	u_char new_iv[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];

	u_int old_iv_len = encst->st_iv_len;
	u_int new_iv_len = encst->st_new_iv_len;

	if (old_iv_len > MAX_DIGEST_LEN || new_iv_len > MAX_DIGEST_LEN)
	    impossible();

	memcpy(old_iv, encst->st_iv, old_iv_len);
	memcpy(new_iv, encst->st_new_iv, new_iv_len);

	if (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(encst->st_state))
	{
	    memcpy(encst->st_ph1_iv, encst->st_new_iv, encst->st_new_iv_len);
	    encst->st_ph1_iv_len = encst->st_new_iv_len;
	}
	init_phase2_iv(encst, &msgid);
	if (!encrypt_message(&r_hdr_pbs, encst))
	    impossible();
	    
	/* restore preserved st_iv and st_new_iv */
	memcpy(encst->st_iv, old_iv, old_iv_len);
	memcpy(encst->st_new_iv, new_iv, new_iv_len);
	encst->st_iv_len = old_iv_len;
	encst->st_new_iv_len = new_iv_len;
    }
    else
    {
	close_output_pbs(&r_hdr_pbs);
    }

    /* Send packet (preserve st_tpacket) */
    {
	chunk_t saved_tpacket = sndst->st_tpacket;

	setchunk(sndst->st_tpacket, pbs.start, pbs_offset(&pbs));
	send_packet(sndst, "ISAKMP notify");
	sndst->st_tpacket = saved_tpacket;
    }
}

void
send_notification_from_state(struct state *st, enum state_kind state,
    u_int16_t type)
{
    struct state *p1st;

    passert(st);

    if (state == STATE_UNDEFINED)
	state = st->st_state;

    if (IS_QUICK(state))
    {
	p1st = find_phase1_state(st->st_connection, ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED_STATES);
	if ((p1st == NULL) || (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(p1st->st_state)))
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS,
		"no Phase1 state for Quick mode notification");
	    return;
	}
	send_notification(st, type, p1st, generate_msgid(p1st),
	    st->st_icookie, st->st_rcookie, NULL, 0, PROTO_ISAKMP);
    }
    else if (IS_ISAKMP_ENCRYPTED(state) && st->st_enc_key.ptr != NULL)
    {
	send_notification(st, type, st, generate_msgid(st),
	    st->st_icookie, st->st_rcookie, NULL, 0, PROTO_ISAKMP);
    }
    else
    {
	/* no ISAKMP SA established - don't encrypt notification */
	send_notification(st, type, NULL, 0,
	    st->st_icookie, st->st_rcookie, NULL, 0, PROTO_ISAKMP);
    }
}

void
send_notification_from_md(struct msg_digest *md, u_int16_t type)
{
    /**
     * Create a dummy state to be able to use send_packet in
     * send_notification
     *
     * we need to set:
     *   st_connection->that.host_addr
     *   st_connection->that.host_port
     *   st_connection->interface
     */
    struct state st;
    struct connection cnx;

    passert(md);

    memset(&st, 0, sizeof(st));
    memset(&cnx, 0, sizeof(cnx));
    st.st_connection = &cnx;
    cnx.spd.that.host_addr = md->sender;
    cnx.spd.that.host_port = md->sender_port;
    cnx.interface = md->iface;

    send_notification(&st, type, NULL, 0,
	md->hdr.isa_icookie, md->hdr.isa_rcookie, NULL, 0, PROTO_ISAKMP);
}

/* Send a Delete Notification to announce deletion of ISAKMP SA or
 * inbound IPSEC SAs.  Does nothing if no such SAs are being deleted.
 * Delete Notifications cannot announce deletion of outbound IPSEC/ISAKMP SAs.
 */
void
send_delete(struct state *st)
{
    pb_stream reply_pbs;
    pb_stream r_hdr_pbs;
    msgid_t	msgid;
    u_char buffer[8192];
    struct state *p1st;
    ip_said said[EM_MAXRELSPIS];
    ip_said *ns = said;
    u_char
	*r_hashval,	/* where in reply to jam hash value */
	*r_hash_start;	/* start of what is to be hashed */
    bool isakmp_sa = FALSE;

    if (IS_IPSEC_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
    {
	p1st = find_phase1_state(st->st_connection, ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED_STATES);
	if (p1st == NULL)
	{
	    DBG(DBG_CONTROL, DBG_log("no Phase 1 state for Delete"));
	    return;
	}

	if (st->st_ah.present)
	{
	    ns->spi = st->st_ah.our_spi;
	    ns->dst = st->st_connection->spd.this.host_addr;
	    ns->proto = PROTO_IPSEC_AH;
	    ns++;
	}
	if (st->st_esp.present)
	{
	    ns->spi = st->st_esp.our_spi;
	    ns->dst = st->st_connection->spd.this.host_addr;
	    ns->proto = PROTO_IPSEC_ESP;
	    ns++;
	}

	passert(ns != said);    /* there must be some SAs to delete */
    }
    else if (IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
    {
	p1st = st;
	isakmp_sa = TRUE;
    }
    else
    {
	return; /* nothing to do */
    }

    msgid = generate_msgid(p1st);

    zero(buffer);
    init_pbs(&reply_pbs, buffer, sizeof(buffer), "delete msg");

    /* HDR* */
    {
	struct isakmp_hdr hdr;

	hdr.isa_version = ISAKMP_MAJOR_VERSION << ISA_MAJ_SHIFT | ISAKMP_MINOR_VERSION;
	hdr.isa_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH;
	hdr.isa_xchg = ISAKMP_XCHG_INFO;
	hdr.isa_msgid = msgid;
	hdr.isa_flags = ISAKMP_FLAG_ENCRYPTION;
	memcpy(hdr.isa_icookie, p1st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	memcpy(hdr.isa_rcookie, p1st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	if (!out_struct(&hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &reply_pbs, &r_hdr_pbs))
	    impossible();
    }

    /* HASH -- value to be filled later */
    {
	pb_stream hash_pbs;

	if (!out_generic(ISAKMP_NEXT_D, &isakmp_hash_desc, &r_hdr_pbs, &hash_pbs))
	    impossible();
	r_hashval = hash_pbs.cur;	/* remember where to plant value */
	if (!out_zero(p1st->st_oakley.hasher->hash_digest_size, &hash_pbs, "HASH(1)"))
	    impossible();
	close_output_pbs(&hash_pbs);
	r_hash_start = r_hdr_pbs.cur;	/* hash from after HASH(1) */
    }

    /* Delete Payloads */
    if (isakmp_sa)
    {
	pb_stream del_pbs;
	struct isakmp_delete isad;
	u_char isakmp_spi[2*COOKIE_SIZE];

	isad.isad_doi = ISAKMP_DOI_IPSEC;
	isad.isad_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;
	isad.isad_spisize = (2 * COOKIE_SIZE);
	isad.isad_protoid = PROTO_ISAKMP;
	isad.isad_nospi = 1;

	memcpy(isakmp_spi, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	memcpy(isakmp_spi+COOKIE_SIZE, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);

	if (!out_struct(&isad, &isakmp_delete_desc, &r_hdr_pbs, &del_pbs)
	|| !out_raw(&isakmp_spi, (2*COOKIE_SIZE), &del_pbs, "delete payload"))
	    impossible();
	close_output_pbs(&del_pbs);
    }
    else
    {
	while (ns != said)
	{

	    pb_stream del_pbs;
	    struct isakmp_delete isad;

	    ns--;
	    isad.isad_doi = ISAKMP_DOI_IPSEC;
	    isad.isad_np = ns == said? ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE : ISAKMP_NEXT_D;
	    isad.isad_spisize = sizeof(ipsec_spi_t);
	    isad.isad_protoid = ns->proto;

	    isad.isad_nospi = 1;
	    if (!out_struct(&isad, &isakmp_delete_desc, &r_hdr_pbs, &del_pbs)
	    || !out_raw(&ns->spi, sizeof(ipsec_spi_t), &del_pbs, "delete payload"))
		impossible();
	    close_output_pbs(&del_pbs);
	}
    }

    /* calculate hash value and patch into Hash Payload */
    {
	struct hmac_ctx ctx;
	hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, p1st->st_oakley.hasher, p1st->st_skeyid_a);
	hmac_update(&ctx, (u_char *) &msgid, sizeof(msgid_t));
	hmac_update(&ctx, r_hash_start, r_hdr_pbs.cur-r_hash_start);
	hmac_final(r_hashval, &ctx);

	DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
	    DBG_log("HASH(1) computed:");
	    DBG_dump("", r_hashval, ctx.hmac_digest_size);
	)
    }

    /* Do a dance to avoid needing a new state object.
     * We use the Phase 1 State.  This is the one with right
     * IV, for one thing.
     * The tricky bits are:
     * - we need to preserve (save/restore) st_iv (but not st_iv_new)
     * - we need to preserve (save/restore) st_tpacket.
     */
    {
	u_char old_iv[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
	chunk_t saved_tpacket = p1st->st_tpacket;

	memcpy(old_iv, p1st->st_iv, p1st->st_iv_len);
	init_phase2_iv(p1st, &msgid);

	if (!encrypt_message(&r_hdr_pbs, p1st))
	    impossible();

	setchunk(p1st->st_tpacket, reply_pbs.start, pbs_offset(&reply_pbs));
	send_packet(p1st, "delete notify");
	p1st->st_tpacket = saved_tpacket;

	/* get back old IV for this state */
	memcpy(p1st->st_iv, old_iv, p1st->st_iv_len);
    }
}

void
accept_delete(struct state *st, struct msg_digest *md, struct payload_digest *p)
{
    struct isakmp_delete *d = &(p->payload.delete);
    size_t sizespi;
    int i;

    if (!md->encrypted)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring Delete SA payload: not encrypted");
	return;
    }

    if (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
    {
	/* can't happen (if msg is encrypt), but just to be sure */
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring Delete SA payload: "
	"ISAKMP SA not established");
	return;
    }

    if (d->isad_nospi == 0)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring Delete SA payload: no SPI");
	return;
    }

    switch (d->isad_protoid)
    {
    case PROTO_ISAKMP:
	sizespi = 2 * COOKIE_SIZE;
	break;
    case PROTO_IPSEC_AH:
    case PROTO_IPSEC_ESP:
	sizespi = sizeof(ipsec_spi_t);
	break;
    case PROTO_IPCOMP:
	/* nothing interesting to delete */
	return;
    default:
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , "ignoring Delete SA payload: unknown Protocol ID (%s)"
	    , enum_show(&protocol_names, d->isad_protoid));
	return;
    }

    if (d->isad_spisize != sizespi)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , "ignoring Delete SA payload: bad SPI size (%d) for %s"
	    , d->isad_spisize, enum_show(&protocol_names, d->isad_protoid));
	return;
    }

    if (pbs_left(&p->pbs) != d->isad_nospi * sizespi)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , "ignoring Delete SA payload: invalid payload size");
	return;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < d->isad_nospi; i++)
    {
	u_char *spi = p->pbs.cur + (i * sizespi);

	if (d->isad_protoid == PROTO_ISAKMP)
	{
	    /**
	     * ISAKMP
	     */
	    struct state *dst = find_state(spi /*iCookie*/
		, spi+COOKIE_SIZE /*rCookie*/
		, &st->st_connection->spd.that.host_addr
		, MAINMODE_MSGID);

	    if (dst == NULL)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring Delete SA payload: "
		    "ISAKMP SA not found (maybe expired)");
	    }
	    else if (!same_peer_ids(st->st_connection, dst->st_connection, NULL))
	    {
		/* we've not authenticated the relevant identities */
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring Delete SA payload: "
		    "ISAKMP SA used to convey Delete has different IDs from ISAKMP SA it deletes");
	    }
	    else
	    {
		struct connection *oldc;
		
		oldc = cur_connection;
		set_cur_connection(dst->st_connection);

		if (nat_traversal_enabled)
		    nat_traversal_change_port_lookup(md, dst);

		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "received Delete SA payload: "
		    "deleting ISAKMP State #%lu", dst->st_serialno);
		delete_state(dst);
		set_cur_connection(oldc);
	    }
	}
	else
	{
	    /**
	     * IPSEC (ESP/AH)
	     */
	    bool bogus;
	    struct state *dst = find_phase2_state_to_delete(st
		, d->isad_protoid
		, *(ipsec_spi_t *)spi	/* network order */
		, &bogus);

	    if (dst == NULL)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
		       , "ignoring Delete SA payload: %s SA(0x%08lx) not found (%s)"
		       , enum_show(&protocol_names, d->isad_protoid)
		       , (unsigned long)ntohl((unsigned long)*(ipsec_spi_t *)spi)
		       , bogus ? "our SPI - bogus implementation" : "maybe expired");
	    }
	    else
	    {
		struct connection *rc = dst->st_connection;
		struct connection *oldc;
		
		oldc = cur_connection;
		set_cur_connection(rc);

		if (nat_traversal_enabled)
		    nat_traversal_change_port_lookup(md, dst);

		if (rc->newest_ipsec_sa == dst->st_serialno
		&& (rc->policy & POLICY_UP))
		    {
		    /* Last IPSec SA for a permanent connection that we
		     * have initiated.  Replace it in a few seconds.
		     *
		     * Useful if the other peer is rebooting.
		     */
#define DELETE_SA_DELAY  EVENT_RETRANSMIT_DELAY_0
		    if (dst->st_event != NULL
		    && dst->st_event->ev_type == EVENT_SA_REPLACE
		    && dst->st_event->ev_time <= DELETE_SA_DELAY + now())
		    {
			/* Patch from Angus Lees to ignore retransmited
			 * Delete SA.
			 */
			loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "received Delete SA payload: "
			    "already replacing IPSEC State #%lu in %d seconds"
			    , dst->st_serialno, (int)(dst->st_event->ev_time - now()));
		    }
		    else
		    {
			loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "received Delete SA payload: "
			    "replace IPSEC State #%lu in %d seconds"
			    , dst->st_serialno, DELETE_SA_DELAY);
			dst->st_margin = DELETE_SA_DELAY;
			delete_event(dst);
			event_schedule(EVENT_SA_REPLACE, DELETE_SA_DELAY, dst);
		    }
		}
		else
		{
		    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "received Delete SA(0x%08lx) payload: "
			   "deleting IPSEC State #%lu"
			   , (unsigned long)ntohl((unsigned long)*(ipsec_spi_t *)spi)
			   , dst->st_serialno);
		    delete_state(dst);
		}

		/* reset connection */
		set_cur_connection(oldc);
	    }
	}
    }
}

/* The whole message must be a multiple of 4 octets.
 * I'm not sure where this is spelled out, but look at
 * rfc2408 3.6 Transform Payload.
 * Note: it talks about 4 BYTE boundaries!
 */
void
close_message(pb_stream *pbs)
{
    size_t padding =  pad_up(pbs_offset(pbs), 4);

    if (padding != 0)
	(void) out_zero(padding, pbs, "message padding");
    close_output_pbs(pbs);
}

/* Initiate an Oakley Main Mode exchange.
 * --> HDR;SA
 * Note: this is not called from demux.c
 */
static stf_status
main_outI1(int whack_sock, struct connection *c, struct state *predecessor
    , lset_t policy, unsigned long try)
{
    struct state *st = new_state();
    pb_stream reply;	/* not actually a reply, but you know what I mean */
    pb_stream rbody;

    int vids_to_send = 0;
    
    /* set up new state */
    st->st_connection = c;
    set_cur_state(st);	/* we must reset before exit */
    st->st_policy = policy & ~POLICY_IPSEC_MASK;
    st->st_whack_sock = whack_sock;
    st->st_try = try;
    st->st_state = STATE_MAIN_I1;

    /* determine how many Vendor ID payloads we will be sending */
    if (SEND_PLUTO_VID)
	vids_to_send++;
    if (SEND_CISCO_UNITY_VID)
	vids_to_send++;
    if (c->spd.this.cert.type == CERT_PGP)
	vids_to_send++;
    if (SEND_XAUTH_VID)
	vids_to_send++;
    /* always send DPD Vendor ID */
	vids_to_send++;
    if (nat_traversal_enabled)
	vids_to_send++;

   get_cookie(TRUE, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE, &c->spd.that.host_addr);

    insert_state(st);	/* needs cookies, connection, and msgid (0) */

    if (HAS_IPSEC_POLICY(policy))
	add_pending(dup_any(whack_sock), st, c, policy, 1
	    , predecessor == NULL? SOS_NOBODY : predecessor->st_serialno);

    if (predecessor == NULL)
	plog("initiating Main Mode");
    else
	plog("initiating Main Mode to replace #%lu", predecessor->st_serialno);

    /* set up reply */
    init_pbs(&reply, reply_buffer, sizeof(reply_buffer), "reply packet");

    /* HDR out */
    {
	struct isakmp_hdr hdr;

	zero(&hdr);	/* default to 0 */
	hdr.isa_version = ISAKMP_MAJOR_VERSION << ISA_MAJ_SHIFT | ISAKMP_MINOR_VERSION;
	hdr.isa_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_SA;
	hdr.isa_xchg = ISAKMP_XCHG_IDPROT;
	memcpy(hdr.isa_icookie, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	/* R-cookie, flags and MessageID are left zero */

	if (!out_struct(&hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &reply, &rbody))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* SA out */
    {
	u_char *sa_start = rbody.cur;

	if (!out_sa(&rbody, &oakley_sadb, st, TRUE
	, vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}

	/* save initiator SA for later HASH */
	passert(st->st_p1isa.ptr == NULL);	/* no leak!  (MUST be first time) */
	clonetochunk(st->st_p1isa, sa_start, rbody.cur - sa_start
	    , "sa in main_outI1");
    }

    /* if enabled send Pluto Vendor ID */
    if (SEND_PLUTO_VID)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &rbody, VID_STRONGSWAN))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* if enabled send Cisco Unity Vendor ID */
    if (SEND_CISCO_UNITY_VID)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &rbody, VID_CISCO_UNITY))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }
    /* if we  have an OpenPGP certificate we assume an
     * OpenPGP peer and have to send the Vendor ID
     */
    if (c->spd.this.cert.type == CERT_PGP)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &rbody, VID_OPENPGP))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* Announce our ability to do eXtended AUTHentication to the peer */
    if (SEND_XAUTH_VID)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &rbody, VID_MISC_XAUTH))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* Announce our ability to do Dead Peer Detection to the peer */
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &rbody, VID_MISC_DPD))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    if (nat_traversal_enabled)
    {
	/* Add supported NAT-Traversal VID */
	if (!nat_traversal_add_vid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &rbody))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    close_message(&rbody);
    close_output_pbs(&reply);

    clonetochunk(st->st_tpacket, reply.start, pbs_offset(&reply)
	, "reply packet for main_outI1");

    /* Transmit */

    send_packet(st, "main_outI1");

    /* Set up a retransmission event, half a minute henceforth */
    delete_event(st);
    event_schedule(EVENT_RETRANSMIT, EVENT_RETRANSMIT_DELAY_0, st);

    if (predecessor != NULL)
    {
	update_pending(predecessor, st);
	whack_log(RC_NEW_STATE + STATE_MAIN_I1
	    , "%s: initiate, replacing #%lu"
	    , enum_name(&state_names, st->st_state)
	    , predecessor->st_serialno);
    }
    else
    {
	whack_log(RC_NEW_STATE + STATE_MAIN_I1
	    , "%s: initiate", enum_name(&state_names, st->st_state));
    }
    reset_cur_state();
    return STF_OK;
}

void
ipsecdoi_initiate(int whack_sock
, struct connection *c
, lset_t policy
, unsigned long try
, so_serial_t replacing)
{
    /* If there's already an ISAKMP SA established, use that and
     * go directly to Quick Mode.  We are even willing to use one
     * that is still being negotiated, but only if we are the Initiator
     * (thus we can be sure that the IDs are not going to change;
     * other issues around intent might matter).
     * Note: there is no way to initiate with a Road Warrior.
     */
    struct state *st = find_phase1_state(c
	, ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED_STATES | PHASE1_INITIATOR_STATES);

    if (st == NULL)
    {
	(void) main_outI1(whack_sock, c, NULL, policy, try);
    }
    else if (HAS_IPSEC_POLICY(policy))
    {
	if (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
	{
	    /* leave our Phase 2 negotiation pending */
	    add_pending(whack_sock, st, c, policy, try, replacing);
	}
	else
	{
	    /* ??? we assume that peer_nexthop_sin isn't important:
	     * we already have it from when we negotiated the ISAKMP SA!
	     * It isn't clear what to do with the error return.
	     */
	    (void) quick_outI1(whack_sock, st, c, policy, try, replacing);
	}
    }
    else
    {
	close_any(whack_sock);
    }
}

/* Replace SA with a fresh one that is similar
 *
 * Shares some logic with ipsecdoi_initiate, but not the same!
 * - we must not reuse the ISAKMP SA if we are trying to replace it!
 * - if trying to replace IPSEC SA, use ipsecdoi_initiate to build
 *   ISAKMP SA if needed.
 * - duplicate whack fd, if live.
 * Does not delete the old state -- someone else will do that.
 */
void
ipsecdoi_replace(struct state *st, unsigned long try)
{
    int whack_sock = dup_any(st->st_whack_sock);
    lset_t policy = st->st_policy;

    if (IS_PHASE1(st->st_state))
    {
	passert(!HAS_IPSEC_POLICY(policy));
	(void) main_outI1(whack_sock, st->st_connection, st, policy, try);
    }
    else
    {
	/* Add features of actual old state to policy.  This ensures
	 * that rekeying doesn't downgrade security.  I admit that
	 * this doesn't capture everything.
	 */
	if (st->st_pfs_group != NULL)
	    policy |= POLICY_PFS;
	if (st->st_ah.present)
	{
	    policy |= POLICY_AUTHENTICATE;
	    if (st->st_ah.attrs.encapsulation == ENCAPSULATION_MODE_TUNNEL)
		policy |= POLICY_TUNNEL;
	}
	if (st->st_esp.present && st->st_esp.attrs.transid != ESP_NULL)
	{
	    policy |= POLICY_ENCRYPT;
	    if (st->st_esp.attrs.encapsulation == ENCAPSULATION_MODE_TUNNEL)
		policy |= POLICY_TUNNEL;
	}
	if (st->st_ipcomp.present)
	{
	    policy |= POLICY_COMPRESS;
	    if (st->st_ipcomp.attrs.encapsulation == ENCAPSULATION_MODE_TUNNEL)
		policy |= POLICY_TUNNEL;
	}
	passert(HAS_IPSEC_POLICY(policy));
	ipsecdoi_initiate(whack_sock, st->st_connection, policy, try
	    , st->st_serialno);
    }
}

/* SKEYID for preshared keys.
 * See draft-ietf-ipsec-ike-01.txt 4.1
 */
static bool
skeyid_preshared(struct state *st)
{
    const chunk_t *pss = get_preshared_secret(st->st_connection);

    if (pss == NULL)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "preshared secret disappeared!");
	return FALSE;
    }
    else
    {
	struct hmac_ctx ctx;

	hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, *pss);
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_ni);
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_nr);
	hmac_final_chunk(st->st_skeyid, "st_skeyid in skeyid_preshared()", &ctx);
	return TRUE;
    }
}

static bool
skeyid_digisig(struct state *st)
{
    struct hmac_ctx ctx;
    chunk_t nir;

    /* We need to hmac_init with the concatenation of Ni_b and Nr_b,
     * so we have to build a temporary concatentation.
     */
    nir.len = st->st_ni.len + st->st_nr.len;
    nir.ptr = alloc_bytes(nir.len, "Ni + Nr in skeyid_digisig");
    memcpy(nir.ptr, st->st_ni.ptr, st->st_ni.len);
    memcpy(nir.ptr+st->st_ni.len, st->st_nr.ptr, st->st_nr.len);
    hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, nir);
    pfree(nir.ptr);

    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_shared);
    hmac_final_chunk(st->st_skeyid, "st_skeyid in skeyid_digisig()", &ctx);
    return TRUE;
}

/* Generate the SKEYID_* and new IV
 * See draft-ietf-ipsec-ike-01.txt 4.1
 */
static bool
generate_skeyids_iv(struct state *st)
{
    /* Generate the SKEYID */
    switch (st->st_oakley.auth)
    {
	case OAKLEY_PRESHARED_KEY:
	case XAUTHInitPreShared:
	case XAUTHRespPreShared:
	    if (!skeyid_preshared(st))
		return FALSE;
	    break;

	case OAKLEY_RSA_SIG:
	case XAUTHInitRSA:
	case XAUTHRespRSA:
	    if (!skeyid_digisig(st))
		return FALSE;
	    break;

	case OAKLEY_DSS_SIG:
	    /* XXX */

	case OAKLEY_RSA_ENC:
	case OAKLEY_RSA_ENC_REV:
	case OAKLEY_ELGAMAL_ENC:
	case OAKLEY_ELGAMAL_ENC_REV:
	    /* XXX */

	default:
	    bad_case(st->st_oakley.auth);
    }

    /* generate SKEYID_* from SKEYID */
    {
	struct hmac_ctx ctx;

	hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid);

	/* SKEYID_D */
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_shared);
	hmac_update(&ctx, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hmac_update(&ctx, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hmac_update(&ctx, "\0", 1);
	hmac_final_chunk(st->st_skeyid_d, "st_skeyid_d in generate_skeyids_iv()", &ctx);

	/* SKEYID_A */
	hmac_reinit(&ctx);
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_skeyid_d);
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_shared);
	hmac_update(&ctx, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hmac_update(&ctx, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hmac_update(&ctx, "\1", 1);
	hmac_final_chunk(st->st_skeyid_a, "st_skeyid_a in generate_skeyids_iv()", &ctx);

	/* SKEYID_E */
	hmac_reinit(&ctx);
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_skeyid_a);
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_shared);
	hmac_update(&ctx, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hmac_update(&ctx, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hmac_update(&ctx, "\2", 1);
	hmac_final_chunk(st->st_skeyid_e, "st_skeyid_e in generate_skeyids_iv()", &ctx);
    }

    /* generate IV */
    {
	union hash_ctx hash_ctx;
	const struct hash_desc *h = st->st_oakley.hasher;

	st->st_new_iv_len = h->hash_digest_size;
	passert(st->st_new_iv_len <= sizeof(st->st_new_iv));

        DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
            DBG_dump_chunk("DH_i:", st->st_gi);
            DBG_dump_chunk("DH_r:", st->st_gr);
        );
	h->hash_init(&hash_ctx);
	h->hash_update(&hash_ctx, st->st_gi.ptr, st->st_gi.len);
	h->hash_update(&hash_ctx, st->st_gr.ptr, st->st_gr.len);
	h->hash_final(st->st_new_iv, &hash_ctx);
    }

    /* Oakley Keying Material
     * Derived from Skeyid_e: if it is not big enough, generate more
     * using the PRF.
     * See RFC 2409 "IKE" Appendix B
     */
    {
	/* const size_t keysize = st->st_oakley.encrypter->keydeflen/BITS_PER_BYTE; */
	const size_t keysize = st->st_oakley.enckeylen/BITS_PER_BYTE;
	u_char keytemp[MAX_OAKLEY_KEY_LEN + MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
	u_char *k = st->st_skeyid_e.ptr;

	if (keysize > st->st_skeyid_e.len)
	{
	    struct hmac_ctx ctx;
	    size_t i = 0;

	    hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid_e);
	    hmac_update(&ctx, "\0", 1);
	    for (;;)
	    {
		hmac_final(&keytemp[i], &ctx);
		i += ctx.hmac_digest_size;
		if (i >= keysize)
		    break;
		hmac_reinit(&ctx);
		hmac_update(&ctx, &keytemp[i - ctx.hmac_digest_size], ctx.hmac_digest_size);
	    }
	    k = keytemp;
	}
	clonereplacechunk(st->st_enc_key, k, keysize, "st_enc_key");
    }

    DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
	DBG_dump_chunk("Skeyid:  ", st->st_skeyid);
	DBG_dump_chunk("Skeyid_d:", st->st_skeyid_d);
	DBG_dump_chunk("Skeyid_a:", st->st_skeyid_a);
	DBG_dump_chunk("Skeyid_e:", st->st_skeyid_e);
	DBG_dump_chunk("enc key:", st->st_enc_key);
	DBG_dump("IV:", st->st_new_iv, st->st_new_iv_len));
    return TRUE;
}

/* Generate HASH_I or HASH_R for ISAKMP Phase I.
 * This will *not* generate other hash payloads (eg. Phase II or Quick Mode,
 * New Group Mode, or ISAKMP Informational Exchanges).
 * If the hashi argument is TRUE, generate HASH_I; if FALSE generate HASH_R.
 * If hashus argument is TRUE, we're generating a hash for our end.
 * See RFC2409 IKE 5.
 *
 * Generating the SIG_I and SIG_R for DSS is an odd perversion of this:
 * Most of the logic is the same, but SHA-1 is used in place of HMAC-whatever.
 * The extensive common logic is embodied in main_mode_hash_body().
 * See draft-ietf-ipsec-ike-01.txt 4.1 and 6.1.1.2
 */

typedef void (*hash_update_t)(union hash_ctx *, const u_char *, size_t) ;
static void
main_mode_hash_body(struct state *st
, bool hashi	/* Initiator? */
, const pb_stream *idpl	/* ID payload, as PBS */
, union hash_ctx *ctx
, void (*hash_update_void)(void *, const u_char *input, size_t))
{
#define HASH_UPDATE_T (union hash_ctx *, const u_char *input, unsigned int len)
    hash_update_t hash_update=(hash_update_t)  hash_update_void;
#if 0	/* if desperate to debug hashing */
#   define hash_update(ctx, input, len) { \
	DBG_dump("hash input", input, len); \
	(hash_update)(ctx, input, len); \
	}
#endif

#   define hash_update_chunk(ctx, ch) hash_update((ctx), (ch).ptr, (ch).len)

    if (hashi)
    {
	hash_update_chunk(ctx, st->st_gi);
	hash_update_chunk(ctx, st->st_gr);
	hash_update(ctx, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hash_update(ctx, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
    }
    else
    {
	hash_update_chunk(ctx, st->st_gr);
	hash_update_chunk(ctx, st->st_gi);
	hash_update(ctx, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	hash_update(ctx, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
    }

    DBG(DBG_CRYPT, DBG_log("hashing %lu bytes of SA"
	, (unsigned long) (st->st_p1isa.len - sizeof(struct isakmp_generic))));

    /* SA_b */
    hash_update(ctx, st->st_p1isa.ptr + sizeof(struct isakmp_generic)
	, st->st_p1isa.len - sizeof(struct isakmp_generic));

    /* Hash identification payload, without generic payload header.
     * We used to reconstruct ID Payload for this purpose, but now
     * we use the bytes as they appear on the wire to avoid
     * "spelling problems".
     */
    hash_update(ctx
	, idpl->start + sizeof(struct isakmp_generic)
	, pbs_offset(idpl) - sizeof(struct isakmp_generic));

#   undef hash_update_chunk
#   undef hash_update
}

static size_t	/* length of hash */
main_mode_hash(struct state *st
, u_char *hash_val	/* resulting bytes */
, bool hashi	/* Initiator? */
, const pb_stream *idpl)	/* ID payload, as PBS; cur must be at end */
{
    struct hmac_ctx ctx;

    hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid);
    main_mode_hash_body(st, hashi, idpl, &ctx.hash_ctx, ctx.h->hash_update);
    hmac_final(hash_val, &ctx);
    return ctx.hmac_digest_size;
}

#if 0	/* only needed for DSS */
static void
main_mode_sha1(struct state *st
, u_char *hash_val	/* resulting bytes */
, size_t *hash_len	/* length of hash */
, bool hashi	/* Initiator? */
, const pb_stream *idpl)	/* ID payload, as PBS */
{
    union hash_ctx ctx;

    SHA1Init(&ctx.ctx_sha1);
    SHA1Update(&ctx.ctx_sha1, st->st_skeyid.ptr, st->st_skeyid.len);
    *hash_len = SHA1_DIGEST_SIZE;
    main_mode_hash_body(st, hashi, idpl, &ctx
	, (void (*)(union hash_ctx *, const u_char *, unsigned int))&SHA1Update);
    SHA1Final(hash_val, &ctx.ctx_sha1);
}
#endif

/* Create an RSA signature of a hash.
 * Poorly specified in draft-ietf-ipsec-ike-01.txt 6.1.1.2.
 * Use PKCS#1 version 1.5 encryption of hash (called
 * RSAES-PKCS1-V1_5) in PKCS#2.
 */
static size_t
RSA_sign_hash(struct connection *c
, u_char sig_val[RSA_MAX_OCTETS]
, const u_char *hash_val, size_t hash_len)
{
    size_t sz = 0;
    smartcard_t *sc = c->spd.this.sc;

    if (sc == NULL)		/* no smartcard */
    {
	const struct RSA_private_key *k = get_RSA_private_key(c);

	if (k == NULL)
	    return 0;	/* failure: no key to use */

	sz = k->pub.k;
	passert(RSA_MIN_OCTETS <= sz && 4 + hash_len < sz && sz <= RSA_MAX_OCTETS);
	sign_hash(k, hash_val, hash_len, sig_val, sz);
    }
    else if (sc->valid) /* if valid pin then sign hash on the smartcard */
    {
 	lock_certs_and_keys("RSA_sign_hash");
	if (!scx_establish_context(sc) || !scx_login(sc))
	{
	    scx_release_context(sc);
	    unlock_certs_and_keys("RSA_sign_hash");
	    return 0;
	}

	sz = scx_get_keylength(sc);
	if (sz == 0)
	{
	    plog("failed to get keylength from smartcard");
	    scx_release_context(sc);
	    unlock_certs_and_keys("RSA_sign_hash");
	    return 0;
	}

	DBG(DBG_CONTROL | DBG_CRYPT,
	    DBG_log("signing hash with RSA key from smartcard (slot: %d, id: %s)"
		, (int)sc->slot, sc->id)
	)
	sz = scx_sign_hash(sc, hash_val, hash_len, sig_val, sz) ? sz : 0;
	if (!pkcs11_keep_state)
	    scx_release_context(sc);
	unlock_certs_and_keys("RSA_sign_hash");
    }
    return sz;
}

/* Check a Main Mode RSA Signature against computed hash using RSA public key k.
 *
 * As a side effect, on success, the public key is copied into the
 * state object to record the authenticator.
 *
 * Can fail because wrong public key is used or because hash disagrees.
 * We distinguish because diagnostics should also.
 *
 * The result is NULL if the Signature checked out.
 * Otherwise, the first character of the result indicates
 * how far along failure occurred.  A greater character signifies
 * greater progress.
 *
 * Classes:
 * 0	reserved for caller
 * 1	SIG length doesn't match key length -- wrong key
 * 2-8	malformed ECB after decryption -- probably wrong key
 * 9	decrypted hash != computed hash -- probably correct key
 *
 * Although the math should be the same for generating and checking signatures,
 * it is not: the knowledge of the private key allows more efficient (i.e.
 * different) computation for encryption.
 */
static err_t
try_RSA_signature(const u_char hash_val[MAX_DIGEST_LEN], size_t hash_len
, const pb_stream *sig_pbs, pubkey_t *kr
, struct state *st)
{
    const u_char *sig_val = sig_pbs->cur;
    size_t sig_len = pbs_left(sig_pbs);
    u_char s[RSA_MAX_OCTETS];	/* for decrypted sig_val */
    u_char *hash_in_s = &s[sig_len - hash_len];
    const struct RSA_public_key *k = &kr->u.rsa;

    /* decrypt the signature -- reversing RSA_sign_hash */
    if (sig_len != k->k)
    {
	/* XXX notification: INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION */
	return "1" "SIG length does not match public key length";
    }

    /* actual exponentiation; see PKCS#1 v2.0 5.1 */
    {
	chunk_t temp_s;
	mpz_t c;

	n_to_mpz(c, sig_val, sig_len);
	mpz_powm(c, c, &k->e, &k->n);

	temp_s = mpz_to_n(c, sig_len);	/* back to octets */
	memcpy(s, temp_s.ptr, sig_len);
	pfree(temp_s.ptr);
	mpz_clear(c);
    }

    /* sanity check on signature: see if it matches
     * PKCS#1 v1.5 8.1 encryption-block formatting
     */
    {
	err_t ugh = NULL;

	if (s[0] != 0x00)
	    ugh = "2" "no leading 00";
	else if (hash_in_s[-1] != 0x00)
	    ugh = "3" "00 separator not present";
	else if (s[1] == 0x01)
	{
	    const u_char *p;

	    for (p = &s[2]; p != hash_in_s - 1; p++)
	    {
		if (*p != 0xFF)
		{
		    ugh = "4" "invalid Padding String";
		    break;
		}
	    }
	}
	else if (s[1] == 0x02)
	{
	    const u_char *p;

	    for (p = &s[2]; p != hash_in_s - 1; p++)
	    {
		if (*p == 0x00)
		{
		    ugh = "5" "invalid Padding String";
		    break;
		}
	    }
	}
	else
	    ugh = "6" "Block Type not 01 or 02";

	if (ugh != NULL)
	{
	    /* note: it might be a good idea to make sure that
	     * an observer cannot tell what kind of failure happened.
	     * I don't know what this means in practice.
	     */
	    /* We probably selected the wrong public key for peer:
	     * SIG Payload decrypted into malformed ECB
	     */
	    /* XXX notification: INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION */
	    return ugh;
	}
    }

    /* We have the decoded hash: see if it matches. */
    if (memcmp(hash_val, hash_in_s, hash_len) != 0)
    {
	/* good: header, hash, signature, and other payloads well-formed
	 * good: we could find an RSA Sig key for the peer.
	 * bad: hash doesn't match
	 * Guess: sides disagree about key to be used.
	 */
	DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "decrypted SIG", s, sig_len);
	DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "computed HASH", hash_val, hash_len);
	/* XXX notification: INVALID_HASH_INFORMATION */
	return "9" "authentication failure: received SIG does not match computed HASH, but message is well-formed";
    }

    /* Success: copy successful key into state.
     * There might be an old one if we previously aborted this
     * state transition.
     */
    unreference_key(&st->st_peer_pubkey);
    st->st_peer_pubkey = reference_key(kr);

    return NULL;    /* happy happy */
}

/* Check signature against all RSA public keys we can find.
 * If we need keys from DNS KEY records, and they haven't been fetched,
 * return STF_SUSPEND to ask for asynch DNS lookup.
 *
 * Note: parameter keys_from_dns contains results of DNS lookup for key
 * or is NULL indicating lookup not yet tried.
 *
 * take_a_crack is a helper function.  Mostly forensic.
 * If only we had coroutines.
 */
struct tac_state {
    /* RSA_check_signature's args that take_a_crack needs */
    struct state *st;
    const u_char *hash_val;
    size_t hash_len;
    const pb_stream *sig_pbs;

    /* state carried between calls */
    err_t best_ugh;	/* most successful failure */
    int tried_cnt;	/* number of keys tried */
    char tried[50];	/* keyids of tried public keys */
    char *tn;	/* roof of tried[] */
};

static bool
take_a_crack(struct tac_state *s
, pubkey_t *kr
, const char *story USED_BY_DEBUG)
{
    err_t ugh = try_RSA_signature(s->hash_val, s->hash_len, s->sig_pbs
	, kr, s->st);
    const struct RSA_public_key *k = &kr->u.rsa;

    s->tried_cnt++;
    if (ugh == NULL)
    {
	DBG(DBG_CRYPT | DBG_CONTROL
	    , DBG_log("an RSA Sig check passed with *%s [%s]"
		, k->keyid, story));
	return TRUE;
    }
    else
    {
	DBG(DBG_CRYPT
	    , DBG_log("an RSA Sig check failure %s with *%s [%s]"
		, ugh + 1, k->keyid, story));
	if (s->best_ugh == NULL || s->best_ugh[0] < ugh[0])
	    s->best_ugh = ugh;
	if (ugh[0] > '0'
	&& s->tn - s->tried + KEYID_BUF + 2 < (ptrdiff_t)sizeof(s->tried))
	{
	    strcpy(s->tn, " *");
	    strcpy(s->tn + 2, k->keyid);
	    s->tn += strlen(s->tn);
	}
	return FALSE;
    }
}

static stf_status
RSA_check_signature(const struct id* peer
, struct state *st
, const u_char hash_val[MAX_DIGEST_LEN]
, size_t hash_len
, const pb_stream *sig_pbs
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
, const pubkey_list_t *keys_from_dns
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */
, const struct gw_info *gateways_from_dns
)
{
    const struct connection *c = st->st_connection;
    struct tac_state s;
    err_t dns_ugh = NULL;

    s.st = st;
    s.hash_val = hash_val;
    s.hash_len = hash_len;
    s.sig_pbs = sig_pbs;

    s.best_ugh = NULL;
    s.tried_cnt = 0;
    s.tn = s.tried;

    /* try all gateway records hung off c */
    if (c->policy & POLICY_OPPO)
    {
	struct gw_info *gw;

	for (gw = c->gw_info; gw != NULL; gw = gw->next)
	{
	    /* only consider entries that have a key and are for our peer */
	    if (gw->gw_key_present
	    && same_id(&gw->gw_id, &c->spd.that.id)
	    && take_a_crack(&s, gw->key, "key saved from DNS TXT"))
		return STF_OK;
	}
    }

    /* try all appropriate Public keys */
    {
	pubkey_list_t *p, **pp;

	pp = &pubkeys;

	for (p = pubkeys; p != NULL; p = *pp)
	{
	    pubkey_t *key = p->key;

	    if (key->alg == PUBKEY_ALG_RSA && same_id(peer, &key->id))
	    {
		time_t now = time(NULL);

		/* check if found public key has expired */
		if (key->until_time != UNDEFINED_TIME && key->until_time < now)
		{
		    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS,
			"cached RSA public key has expired and has been deleted");
		    *pp = free_public_keyentry(p);
		    continue; /* continue with next public key */
		}

		if (take_a_crack(&s, key, "preloaded key"))
		return STF_OK;
	    }
	    pp = &p->next;
	}
   }

    /* if no key was found (evidenced by best_ugh == NULL)
     * and that side of connection is key_from_DNS_on_demand
     * then go search DNS for keys for peer.
     */
    if (s.best_ugh == NULL && c->spd.that.key_from_DNS_on_demand)
    {
	if (gateways_from_dns != NULL)
	{
	    /* TXT keys */
	    const struct gw_info *gwp;

	    for (gwp = gateways_from_dns; gwp != NULL; gwp = gwp->next)
		if (gwp->gw_key_present
		&& take_a_crack(&s, gwp->key, "key from DNS TXT"))
		    return STF_OK;
	}
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
	else if (keys_from_dns != NULL)
	{
	    /* KEY keys */
	    const pubkey_list_t *kr;

	    for (kr = keys_from_dns; kr != NULL; kr = kr->next)
		if (kr->key->alg == PUBKEY_ALG_RSA
		&& take_a_crack(&s, kr->key, "key from DNS KEY"))
		    return STF_OK;
	}
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */
	else
	{
	    /* nothing yet: ask for asynch DNS lookup */
	    return STF_SUSPEND;
	}
    }

    /* no acceptable key was found: diagnose */
    {
	char id_buf[BUF_LEN];	/* arbitrary limit on length of ID reported */

	(void) idtoa(peer, id_buf, sizeof(id_buf));

	if (s.best_ugh == NULL)
	{
	    if (dns_ugh == NULL)
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "no RSA public key known for '%s'"
		    , id_buf);
	    else
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "no RSA public key known for '%s'"
		    "; DNS search for KEY failed (%s)"
		    , id_buf, dns_ugh);

	    /* ??? is this the best code there is? */
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
	}

	if (s.best_ugh[0] == '9')
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s", s.best_ugh + 1);
	    /* XXX Could send notification back */
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_HASH_INFORMATION;
	}
	else
	{
	    if (s.tried_cnt == 1)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
		    , "Signature check (on %s) failed (wrong key?); tried%s"
		    , id_buf, s.tried);
		DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
		    DBG_log("public key for %s failed:"
			" decrypted SIG payload into a malformed ECB (%s)"
			, id_buf, s.best_ugh + 1));
	    }
	    else
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
		    , "Signature check (on %s) failed:"
		      " tried%s keys but none worked."
		    , id_buf, s.tried);
		DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
		    DBG_log("all %d public keys for %s failed:"
			" best decrypted SIG payload into a malformed ECB (%s)"
			, s.tried_cnt, id_buf, s.best_ugh + 1));
	    }
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
	}
    }
}

static notification_t
accept_nonce(struct msg_digest *md, chunk_t *dest, const char *name)
{
    pb_stream *nonce_pbs = &md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_NONCE]->pbs;
    size_t len = pbs_left(nonce_pbs);

    if (len < MINIMUM_NONCE_SIZE || MAXIMUM_NONCE_SIZE < len)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s length not between %d and %d"
	    , name , MINIMUM_NONCE_SIZE, MAXIMUM_NONCE_SIZE);
	return PAYLOAD_MALFORMED;	/* ??? */
    }
    clonereplacechunk(*dest, nonce_pbs->cur, len, "nonce");
    return NOTHING_WRONG;
}

/* encrypt message, sans fixed part of header
 * IV is fetched from st->st_new_iv and stored into st->st_iv.
 * The theory is that there will be no "backing out", so we commit to IV.
 * We also close the pbs.
 */
bool
encrypt_message(pb_stream *pbs, struct state *st)
{
    const struct encrypt_desc *e = st->st_oakley.encrypter;
    u_int8_t *enc_start = pbs->start + sizeof(struct isakmp_hdr);
    size_t enc_len = pbs_offset(pbs) - sizeof(struct isakmp_hdr);

    DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT | DBG_RAW, "encrypting:\n", enc_start, enc_len);

    /* Pad up to multiple of encryption blocksize.
     * See the description associated with the definition of
     * struct isakmp_hdr in packet.h.
     */
    {
	size_t padding = pad_up(enc_len, e->enc_blocksize);

	if (padding != 0)
	{
	    if (!out_zero(padding, pbs, "encryption padding"))
		return FALSE;
	    enc_len += padding;
	}
    }

    DBG(DBG_CRYPT, DBG_log("encrypting using %s", enum_show(&oakley_enc_names, st->st_oakley.encrypt)));

    /* e->crypt(TRUE, enc_start, enc_len, st); */
    crypto_cbc_encrypt(e, TRUE, enc_start, enc_len, st);

    update_iv(st);
    DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "next IV:", st->st_iv, st->st_iv_len);
    close_message(pbs);
    return TRUE;
}

/* Compute HASH(1), HASH(2) of Quick Mode.
 * HASH(1) is part of Quick I1 message.
 * HASH(2) is part of Quick R1 message.
 * Used by: quick_outI1, quick_inI1_outR1 (twice), quick_inR1_outI2
 * (see RFC 2409 "IKE" 5.5, pg. 18 or draft-ietf-ipsec-ike-01.txt 6.2 pg 25)
 */
static size_t
quick_mode_hash12(u_char *dest, const u_char *start, const u_char *roof
, const struct state *st, const msgid_t *msgid, bool hash2)
{
    struct hmac_ctx ctx;

#if 0	/* if desperate to debug hashing */
#   define hmac_update(ctx, ptr, len) { \
	DBG_dump("hash input", (ptr), (len)); \
	(hmac_update)((ctx), (ptr), (len)); \
    }
    DBG_dump("hash key", st->st_skeyid_a.ptr, st->st_skeyid_a.len);
#endif
    hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid_a);
    hmac_update(&ctx, (const void *) msgid, sizeof(msgid_t));
    if (hash2)
	hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_ni);	/* include Ni_b in the hash */
    hmac_update(&ctx, start, roof-start);
    hmac_final(dest, &ctx);

    DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
	DBG_log("HASH(%d) computed:", hash2 + 1);
	DBG_dump("", dest, ctx.hmac_digest_size));
    return ctx.hmac_digest_size;
#   undef hmac_update
}

/* Compute HASH(3) in Quick Mode (part of Quick I2 message).
 * Used by: quick_inR1_outI2, quick_inI2
 * See RFC2409 "The Internet Key Exchange (IKE)" 5.5.
 * NOTE: this hash (unlike HASH(1) and HASH(2)) ONLY covers the
 * Message ID and Nonces.  This is a mistake.
 */
static size_t
quick_mode_hash3(u_char *dest, struct state *st)
{
    struct hmac_ctx ctx;

    hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid_a);
    hmac_update(&ctx, "\0", 1);
    hmac_update(&ctx, (u_char *) &st->st_msgid, sizeof(st->st_msgid));
    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_ni);
    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx, st->st_nr);
    hmac_final(dest, &ctx);
    DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "HASH(3) computed:", dest, ctx.hmac_digest_size);
    return ctx.hmac_digest_size;
}

/* Compute Phase 2 IV.
 * Uses Phase 1 IV from st_iv; puts result in st_new_iv.
 */
void
init_phase2_iv(struct state *st, const msgid_t *msgid)
{
    const struct hash_desc *h = st->st_oakley.hasher;
    union hash_ctx ctx;

    DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "last Phase 1 IV:"
	, st->st_ph1_iv, st->st_ph1_iv_len);

    st->st_new_iv_len = h->hash_digest_size;
    passert(st->st_new_iv_len <= sizeof(st->st_new_iv));

    h->hash_init(&ctx);
    h->hash_update(&ctx, st->st_ph1_iv, st->st_ph1_iv_len);
    passert(*msgid != 0);
    h->hash_update(&ctx, (const u_char *)msgid, sizeof(*msgid));
    h->hash_final(st->st_new_iv, &ctx);

    DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "computed Phase 2 IV:"
	, st->st_new_iv, st->st_new_iv_len);
}

/* Initiate quick mode.
 * --> HDR*, HASH(1), SA, Nr [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ]
 * (see RFC 2409 "IKE" 5.5)
 * Note: this is not called from demux.c
 */

static bool
emit_subnet_id(ip_subnet *net
, u_int8_t np, u_int8_t protoid, u_int16_t port, pb_stream *outs)
{
    struct isakmp_ipsec_id id;
    pb_stream id_pbs;
    ip_address ta;
    const unsigned char *tbp;
    size_t tal;

    id.isaiid_np = np;
    id.isaiid_idtype = subnetishost(net)
		       ? aftoinfo(subnettypeof(net))->id_addr
		       : aftoinfo(subnettypeof(net))->id_subnet;
    id.isaiid_protoid = protoid;
    id.isaiid_port = port;

    if (!out_struct(&id, &isakmp_ipsec_identification_desc, outs, &id_pbs))
	return FALSE;

    networkof(net, &ta);
    tal = addrbytesptr(&ta, &tbp);
    if (!out_raw(tbp, tal, &id_pbs, "client network"))
	return FALSE;

    if (!subnetishost(net))
    {
	maskof(net, &ta);
	tal = addrbytesptr(&ta, &tbp);
	if (!out_raw(tbp, tal, &id_pbs, "client mask"))
	    return FALSE;
    }

    close_output_pbs(&id_pbs);
    return TRUE;
}

stf_status
quick_outI1(int whack_sock
, struct state *isakmp_sa
, struct connection *c
, lset_t policy
, unsigned long try
, so_serial_t replacing)
{
    struct state *st = duplicate_state(isakmp_sa);
    pb_stream reply;	/* not really a reply */
    pb_stream rbody;
    u_char	/* set by START_HASH_PAYLOAD: */
	*r_hashval,	/* where in reply to jam hash value */
	*r_hash_start;	/* start of what is to be hashed */
    bool has_client = c->spd.this.has_client || c->spd.that.has_client ||
		      c->spd.this.protocol || c->spd.that.protocol ||
		      c->spd.this.port || c->spd.that.port;
    
    bool send_natoa = FALSE;
    u_int8_t np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;

    st->st_whack_sock = whack_sock;
    st->st_connection = c;
    set_cur_state(st);	/* we must reset before exit */
    st->st_policy = policy;
    st->st_try = try;

    st->st_myuserprotoid = c->spd.this.protocol;
    st->st_peeruserprotoid = c->spd.that.protocol;
    st->st_myuserport = c->spd.this.port;
    st->st_peeruserport = c->spd.that.port;

    st->st_msgid = generate_msgid(isakmp_sa);
    st->st_state = STATE_QUICK_I1;

    insert_state(st);	/* needs cookies, connection, and msgid */

    if (replacing == SOS_NOBODY)
	plog("initiating Quick Mode %s {using isakmp#%lu}"
	     , prettypolicy(policy)
	     , isakmp_sa->st_serialno);
    else
	plog("initiating Quick Mode %s to replace #%lu {using isakmp#%lu}"
	     , prettypolicy(policy)
	     , replacing
	     , isakmp_sa->st_serialno);

    if (isakmp_sa->nat_traversal & NAT_T_DETECTED)
    {
	/* Duplicate nat_traversal status in new state */
	st->nat_traversal = isakmp_sa->nat_traversal;

	if (isakmp_sa->nat_traversal & LELEM(NAT_TRAVERSAL_NAT_BHND_ME))
	    has_client = TRUE;

       nat_traversal_change_port_lookup(NULL, st);
    }
    else
	st->nat_traversal = 0;

    /* are we going to send a NAT-OA payload? */
    if ((st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATOA)
    && !(st->st_policy & POLICY_TUNNEL)
    && (st->nat_traversal & LELEM(NAT_TRAVERSAL_NAT_BHND_ME)))
    {
	send_natoa = TRUE;
	np = (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_RFC_VALUES) ?
		  ISAKMP_NEXT_NATOA_RFC : ISAKMP_NEXT_NATOA_DRAFTS;
    }

    /* set up reply */
    init_pbs(&reply, reply_buffer, sizeof(reply_buffer), "reply packet");

    /* HDR* out */
    {
	struct isakmp_hdr hdr;

	hdr.isa_version = ISAKMP_MAJOR_VERSION << ISA_MAJ_SHIFT | ISAKMP_MINOR_VERSION;
	hdr.isa_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH;
	hdr.isa_xchg = ISAKMP_XCHG_QUICK;
	hdr.isa_msgid = st->st_msgid;
	hdr.isa_flags = ISAKMP_FLAG_ENCRYPTION;
	memcpy(hdr.isa_icookie, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	memcpy(hdr.isa_rcookie, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	if (!out_struct(&hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &reply, &rbody))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* HASH(1) -- create and note space to be filled later */
    START_HASH_PAYLOAD(rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_SA);

    /* SA out */

    /* 
     * See if pfs_group has been specified for this conn,
     * if not, fallback to old use-same-as-P1 behaviour
     */
#ifndef NO_IKE_ALG
    if (st->st_connection)
	    st->st_pfs_group = ike_alg_pfsgroup(st->st_connection, policy);
    if (!st->st_pfs_group)
#endif
    /* If PFS specified, use the same group as during Phase 1:
     * since no negotiation is possible, we pick one that is
     * very likely supported.
     */
	    st->st_pfs_group = policy & POLICY_PFS? isakmp_sa->st_oakley.group : NULL;

    /* Emit SA payload based on a subset of the policy bits.
     * POLICY_COMPRESS is considered iff we can do IPcomp.
     */
    {
	lset_t pm = POLICY_ENCRYPT | POLICY_AUTHENTICATE;

	if (can_do_IPcomp)
	    pm |= POLICY_COMPRESS;

	if (!out_sa(&rbody
	, &ipsec_sadb[(st->st_policy & pm) >> POLICY_IPSEC_SHIFT]
	, st, FALSE, ISAKMP_NEXT_NONCE))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* Ni out */
    if (!build_and_ship_nonce(&st->st_ni, &rbody
    , policy & POLICY_PFS? ISAKMP_NEXT_KE : has_client? ISAKMP_NEXT_ID : np
    , "Ni"))
    {
	reset_cur_state();
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    /* [ KE ] out (for PFS) */

    if (st->st_pfs_group != NULL)
    {
	if (!build_and_ship_KE(st, &st->st_gi, st->st_pfs_group
	, &rbody, has_client? ISAKMP_NEXT_ID : np))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* [ IDci, IDcr ] out */
    if (has_client)
    {
	/* IDci (we are initiator), then IDcr (peer is responder) */
	if (!emit_subnet_id(&c->spd.this.client
	  , ISAKMP_NEXT_ID, st->st_myuserprotoid, st->st_myuserport, &rbody)
	|| !emit_subnet_id(&c->spd.that.client
	  , np, st->st_peeruserprotoid, st->st_peeruserport, &rbody))
	{
	    reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* Send NAT-OA if our address is NATed */
    if (send_natoa)
    {
	if (!nat_traversal_add_natoa(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &rbody, st))
	{
            reset_cur_state();
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* finish computing  HASH(1), inserting it in output */
    (void) quick_mode_hash12(r_hashval, r_hash_start, rbody.cur
	, st, &st->st_msgid, FALSE);

    /* encrypt message, except for fixed part of header */

    init_phase2_iv(isakmp_sa, &st->st_msgid);
    st->st_new_iv_len = isakmp_sa->st_new_iv_len;
    memcpy(st->st_new_iv, isakmp_sa->st_new_iv, st->st_new_iv_len);

    if (!encrypt_message(&rbody, st))
    {
	reset_cur_state();
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    /* save packet, now that we know its size */
    clonetochunk(st->st_tpacket, reply.start, pbs_offset(&reply)
	, "reply packet from quick_outI1");

    /* send the packet */

    send_packet(st, "quick_outI1");

    delete_event(st);
    event_schedule(EVENT_RETRANSMIT, EVENT_RETRANSMIT_DELAY_0, st);

    if (replacing == SOS_NOBODY)
	whack_log(RC_NEW_STATE + STATE_QUICK_I1
	    , "%s: initiate"
	    , enum_name(&state_names, st->st_state));
    else
	whack_log(RC_NEW_STATE + STATE_QUICK_I1
	    , "%s: initiate to replace #%lu"
	    , enum_name(&state_names, st->st_state)
	    , replacing);
    reset_cur_state();
    return STF_OK;
}


/*
 * Decode the CERT payload of Phase 1.
 */
static void
decode_cert(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct payload_digest *p;

    for (p = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_CERT]; p != NULL; p = p->next)
    {
	struct isakmp_cert *const cert = &p->payload.cert;
	chunk_t blob;
	time_t valid_until;
	blob.ptr = p->pbs.cur;
	blob.len = pbs_left(&p->pbs);
	if (cert->isacert_type == CERT_X509_SIGNATURE)
	{
	    x509cert_t cert = empty_x509cert;
	    if (parse_x509cert(blob, 0, &cert))
	    {
		if (verify_x509cert(&cert, strict_crl_policy, &valid_until))
		{
		    DBG(DBG_PARSING,
			DBG_log("Public key validated")
		    )
		    add_x509_public_key(&cert, valid_until, DAL_SIGNED);
		}
		else
		{
		    plog("X.509 certificate rejected");
		}
		free_generalNames(cert.subjectAltName, FALSE);
		free_generalNames(cert.crlDistributionPoints, FALSE);
	    }
	    else
		plog("Syntax error in X.509 certificate");
	}
	else if (cert->isacert_type == CERT_PKCS7_WRAPPED_X509)
	{
	    x509cert_t *cert = NULL;

	    if (pkcs7_parse_signedData(blob, NULL, &cert, NULL, NULL))
		store_x509certs(&cert, strict_crl_policy);
	    else
		plog("Syntax error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates");
	}
	else
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring %s certificate payload",
		   enum_show(&cert_type_names, cert->isacert_type));
	    DBG_cond_dump_chunk(DBG_PARSING, "CERT:\n", blob);
	}
    }
}

/*
 * Decode the CR payload of Phase 1.
 */
static void
decode_cr(struct msg_digest *md, struct connection *c)
{
    struct payload_digest *p;

    for (p = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_CR]; p != NULL; p = p->next)
    {
	struct isakmp_cr *const cr = &p->payload.cr;
	chunk_t ca_name;
	
	ca_name.len = pbs_left(&p->pbs);
	ca_name.ptr = (ca_name.len > 0)? p->pbs.cur : NULL;

	DBG_cond_dump_chunk(DBG_PARSING, "CR", ca_name);

	if (cr->isacr_type == CERT_X509_SIGNATURE)
	{
	    char buf[BUF_LEN];

	    if (ca_name.len > 0)
	    {
		generalName_t *gn;
		
		if (!is_asn1(ca_name))
		    continue;

		gn = alloc_thing(generalName_t, "generalName");
		clonetochunk(ca_name, ca_name.ptr,ca_name.len, "ca name");
		gn->kind = GN_DIRECTORY_NAME;
		gn->name = ca_name;
		gn->next = c->requested_ca;
		c->requested_ca = gn;
	    }
	    c->got_certrequest = TRUE;

	    DBG(DBG_PARSING | DBG_CONTROL,
		dntoa_or_null(buf, BUF_LEN, ca_name, "%any");
		DBG_log("requested CA: '%s'", buf);
	    )
	}
	else
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "ignoring %s certificate request payload",
		   enum_show(&cert_type_names, cr->isacr_type));
    }
}

/* Decode the ID payload of Phase 1 (main_inI3_outR3 and main_inR3)
 * Note: we may change connections as a result.
 * We must be called before SIG or HASH are decoded since we
 * may change the peer's RSA key or ID.
 */
static bool
decode_peer_id(struct msg_digest *md, struct id *peer)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;
    struct payload_digest *const id_pld = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_ID];
    const pb_stream *const id_pbs = &id_pld->pbs;
    struct isakmp_id *const id = &id_pld->payload.id;

    /* I think that RFC2407 (IPSEC DOI) 4.6.2 is confused.
     * It talks about the protocol ID and Port fields of the ID
     * Payload, but they don't exist as such in Phase 1.
     * We use more appropriate names.
     * isaid_doi_specific_a is in place of Protocol ID.
     * isaid_doi_specific_b is in place of Port.
     * Besides, there is no good reason for allowing these to be
     * other than 0 in Phase 1.
     */
    if ((st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_PORT_FLOATING)
    &&	 id->isaid_doi_specific_a == IPPROTO_UDP
    &&  (id->isaid_doi_specific_b == 0 || id->isaid_doi_specific_b == NAT_T_IKE_FLOAT_PORT))
    {
	DBG_log("protocol/port in Phase 1 ID Payload is %d/%d. "
		"accepted with port_floating NAT-T",
		id->isaid_doi_specific_a, id->isaid_doi_specific_b);
    }
    else if (!(id->isaid_doi_specific_a == 0 && id->isaid_doi_specific_b == 0)
	 &&  !(id->isaid_doi_specific_a == IPPROTO_UDP && id->isaid_doi_specific_b == IKE_UDP_PORT))
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "protocol/port in Phase 1 ID Payload must be 0/0 or %d/%d"
	    " but are %d/%d"
	    , IPPROTO_UDP, IKE_UDP_PORT
	    , id->isaid_doi_specific_a, id->isaid_doi_specific_b);
	return FALSE;
    }

    peer->kind = id->isaid_idtype;

    switch (peer->kind)
    {
    case ID_IPV4_ADDR:
    case ID_IPV6_ADDR:
	/* failure mode for initaddr is probably inappropriate address length */
	{
	    err_t ugh = initaddr(id_pbs->cur, pbs_left(id_pbs)
		, peer->kind == ID_IPV4_ADDR? AF_INET : AF_INET6
		, &peer->ip_addr);

	    if (ugh != NULL)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "improper %s identification payload: %s"
		    , enum_show(&ident_names, peer->kind), ugh);
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }
	}
	break;

    case ID_USER_FQDN:
	if (memchr(id_pbs->cur, '@', pbs_left(id_pbs)) == NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "peer's ID_USER_FQDN contains no @");
	    return FALSE;
	}
	/* FALLTHROUGH */
    case ID_FQDN:
	if (memchr(id_pbs->cur, '\0', pbs_left(id_pbs)) != NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "Phase 1 ID Payload of type %s contains a NUL"
		, enum_show(&ident_names, peer->kind));
	    return FALSE;
	}

	/* ??? ought to do some more sanity check, but what? */

	setchunk(peer->name, id_pbs->cur, pbs_left(id_pbs));
	break;

    case ID_KEY_ID:
	setchunk(peer->name, id_pbs->cur, pbs_left(id_pbs));
	DBG(DBG_PARSING,
 	    DBG_dump_chunk("KEY ID:", peer->name));
	break;

    case ID_DER_ASN1_DN:
	setchunk(peer->name, id_pbs->cur, pbs_left(id_pbs));
 	DBG(DBG_PARSING,
 	    DBG_dump_chunk("DER ASN1 DN:", peer->name));
	break;

    default:
	/* XXX Could send notification back */
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "Unacceptable identity type (%s) in Phase 1 ID Payload"
	    , enum_show(&ident_names, peer->kind));
	return FALSE;
    }

    {
	char buf[BUF_LEN];

	idtoa(peer, buf, sizeof(buf));
	plog("Peer ID is %s: '%s'",
	    enum_show(&ident_names, id->isaid_idtype), buf);
    }

    /* check for certificates */
    decode_cert(md);
    return TRUE;
}

/* Now that we've decoded the ID payload, let's see if we
 * need to switch connections.
 * We must not switch horses if we initiated:
 * - if the initiation was explicit, we'd be ignoring user's intent
 * - if opportunistic, we'll lose our HOLD info
 */
static bool
switch_connection(struct msg_digest *md, struct id *peer, bool initiator)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;
    struct connection *c = st->st_connection;

    chunk_t peer_ca = (st->st_peer_pubkey != NULL)
    		     ? st->st_peer_pubkey->issuer : empty_chunk;

    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	char buf[BUF_LEN];

	dntoa_or_null(buf, BUF_LEN, peer_ca, "%none");
	DBG_log("peer CA:      '%s'", buf);
    )

    if (initiator)
    {
	int pathlen;

	if (!same_id(&c->spd.that.id, peer))
	{
	    char expect[BUF_LEN]
		, found[BUF_LEN];

	    idtoa(&c->spd.that.id, expect, sizeof(expect));
	    idtoa(peer, found, sizeof(found));
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
		, "we require peer to have ID '%s', but peer declares '%s'"
		, expect, found);
	    return FALSE;
	}

	DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	    char buf[BUF_LEN];

	    dntoa_or_null(buf, BUF_LEN, c->spd.that.ca, "%none");
	    DBG_log("required CA:  '%s'", buf);
        )

	if (!trusted_ca(peer_ca, c->spd.that.ca, &pathlen))
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
		, "we don't accept the peer's CA");
	    return FALSE;
	}
    }
    else
    {
	struct connection *r;

	/* check for certificate requests */
	decode_cr(md, c);

	r = refine_host_connection(st, peer, peer_ca);

	/* delete the collected certificate requests */
	free_generalNames(c->requested_ca, TRUE);
	c->requested_ca = NULL;

	if (r == NULL)
	{
	    char buf[BUF_LEN];

	    idtoa(peer, buf, sizeof(buf));
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "no suitable connection for peer '%s'", buf);
	    return FALSE;
	}

	DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	    char buf[BUF_LEN];

	    dntoa_or_null(buf, BUF_LEN, r->spd.this.ca, "%none");
	    DBG_log("offered CA:   '%s'", buf);
	)

	if (r != c)
	{
	    /* apparently, r is an improvement on c -- replace */

	    DBG(DBG_CONTROL
		, DBG_log("switched from \"%s\" to \"%s\"", c->name, r->name));
	    if (r->kind == CK_TEMPLATE)
	    {
		/* instantiate it, filling in peer's ID */
		r = rw_instantiate(r, &c->spd.that.host_addr
			, c->spd.that.host_port, NULL, peer);
	    }

	    /* copy certificate request info */
	    r->got_certrequest = c->got_certrequest;

	    st->st_connection = r;	/* kill reference to c */
	    set_cur_connection(r);
	    connection_discard(c);
	}
	else if (c->spd.that.has_id_wildcards)
	{
	    free_id_content(&c->spd.that.id);
	    c->spd.that.id = *peer;
	    c->spd.that.has_id_wildcards = FALSE;
	    unshare_id_content(&c->spd.that.id);
	}
    }
    return TRUE;
}

/* Decode the variable part of an ID packet (during Quick Mode).
 * This is designed for packets that identify clients, not peers.
 * Rejects 0.0.0.0/32 or IPv6 equivalent because
 * (1) it is wrong and (2) we use this value for inband signalling.
 */
static bool
decode_net_id(struct isakmp_ipsec_id *id
, pb_stream *id_pbs
, ip_subnet *net
, const char *which)
{
    const struct af_info *afi = NULL;

    /* Note: the following may be a pointer into static memory
     * that may be recycled, but only if the type is not known.
     * That case is disposed of very early -- in the first switch.
     */
    const char *idtypename = enum_show(&ident_names, id->isaiid_idtype);

    switch (id->isaiid_idtype)
    {
	case ID_IPV4_ADDR:
	case ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET:
	case ID_IPV4_ADDR_RANGE:
	    afi = &af_inet4_info;
	    break;
	case ID_IPV6_ADDR:
	case ID_IPV6_ADDR_SUBNET:
	case ID_IPV6_ADDR_RANGE:
	    afi = &af_inet6_info;
	    break;
	case ID_FQDN:
	    return TRUE;
	default:
	    /* XXX support more */
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "unsupported ID type %s"
		, idtypename);
	    /* XXX Could send notification back */
	    return FALSE;
    }

    switch (id->isaiid_idtype)
    {
	case ID_IPV4_ADDR:
	case ID_IPV6_ADDR:
	{
	    ip_address temp_address;
	    err_t ugh;

	    ugh = initaddr(id_pbs->cur, pbs_left(id_pbs), afi->af, &temp_address);

	    if (ugh != NULL)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload %s has wrong length in Quick I1 (%s)"
		    , which, idtypename, ugh);
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }
	    if (isanyaddr(&temp_address))
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload %s is invalid (%s) in Quick I1"
		    , which, idtypename, ip_str(&temp_address));
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }
	    happy(addrtosubnet(&temp_address, net));
	    DBG(DBG_PARSING | DBG_CONTROL
		, DBG_log("%s is %s", which, ip_str(&temp_address)));
	    break;
	}

	case ID_IPV4_ADDR_SUBNET:
	case ID_IPV6_ADDR_SUBNET:
	{
	    ip_address temp_address, temp_mask;
	    err_t ugh;

	    if (pbs_left(id_pbs) != 2 * afi->ia_sz)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload %s wrong length in Quick I1"
		    , which, idtypename);
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }
	    ugh = initaddr(id_pbs->cur
		, afi->ia_sz, afi->af, &temp_address);
	    if (ugh == NULL)
		ugh = initaddr(id_pbs->cur + afi->ia_sz
		    , afi->ia_sz, afi->af, &temp_mask);
	    if (ugh == NULL)
		ugh = initsubnet(&temp_address, masktocount(&temp_mask)
		    , '0', net);
	    if (ugh == NULL && subnetisnone(net))
		ugh = "contains only anyaddr";
	    if (ugh != NULL)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload %s bad subnet in Quick I1 (%s)"
		    , which, idtypename, ugh);
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }
	    DBG(DBG_PARSING | DBG_CONTROL,
		{
		    char temp_buff[SUBNETTOT_BUF];

		    subnettot(net, 0, temp_buff, sizeof(temp_buff));
		    DBG_log("%s is subnet %s", which, temp_buff);
		});
	    break;
	}

	case ID_IPV4_ADDR_RANGE:
	case ID_IPV6_ADDR_RANGE:
	{
	    ip_address temp_address_from, temp_address_to;
	    err_t ugh;

	    if (pbs_left(id_pbs) != 2 * afi->ia_sz)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload %s wrong length in Quick I1"
		    , which, idtypename);
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }
	    ugh = initaddr(id_pbs->cur, afi->ia_sz, afi->af, &temp_address_from);
	    if (ugh == NULL)
		ugh = initaddr(id_pbs->cur + afi->ia_sz
		    , afi->ia_sz, afi->af, &temp_address_to);
	    if (ugh != NULL)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload %s malformed (%s) in Quick I1"
		    , which, idtypename, ugh);
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		return FALSE;
	    }

	    ugh = rangetosubnet(&temp_address_from, &temp_address_to, net);
	    if (ugh == NULL && subnetisnone(net))
		ugh = "contains only anyaddr";
	    if (ugh != NULL)
	    {
		char temp_buff1[ADDRTOT_BUF], temp_buff2[ADDRTOT_BUF];

		addrtot(&temp_address_from, 0, temp_buff1, sizeof(temp_buff1));
		addrtot(&temp_address_to, 0, temp_buff2, sizeof(temp_buff2));
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID payload in Quick I1, %s"
		    " %s - %s unacceptable: %s"
		    , which, idtypename, temp_buff1, temp_buff2, ugh);
		return FALSE;
	    }
	    DBG(DBG_PARSING | DBG_CONTROL,
		{
		    char temp_buff[SUBNETTOT_BUF];

		    subnettot(net, 0, temp_buff, sizeof(temp_buff));
		    DBG_log("%s is subnet %s (received as range)"
			, which, temp_buff);
		});
	    break;
	}
    }

    /* set the port selector */
    setportof(htons(id->isaiid_port), &net->addr);

    DBG(DBG_PARSING | DBG_CONTROL,
        DBG_log("%s protocol/port is %d/%d", which, id->isaiid_protoid, id->isaiid_port)
    )

    return TRUE;
}

/* like decode, but checks that what is received matches what was sent */
static bool

check_net_id(struct isakmp_ipsec_id *id
, pb_stream *id_pbs
, u_int8_t *protoid
, u_int16_t *port
, ip_subnet *net
, const char *which)
{
    ip_subnet net_temp;

    if (!decode_net_id(id, id_pbs, &net_temp, which))
	return FALSE;

    if (!samesubnet(net, &net_temp)
    || *protoid != id->isaiid_protoid || *port != id->isaiid_port)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "%s ID returned doesn't match my proposal", which);
	return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE;
}

/*
 * look for the existence of a non-expiring preloaded public key
 */
static bool
has_preloaded_public_key(struct state *st)
{
    struct connection *c = st->st_connection;

    /* do not consider rw connections since
     * the peer's identity must be known
     */
    if (c->kind == CK_PERMANENT)
    {
	pubkey_list_t *p;

	/* look for a matching RSA public key */
	for (p = pubkeys; p != NULL; p = p->next)
	{
	    pubkey_t *key = p->key;

	    if (key->alg == PUBKEY_ALG_RSA &&
		same_id(&c->spd.that.id, &key->id) &&
		key->until_time == UNDEFINED_TIME)
	    {
		/* found a preloaded public key */
		return TRUE;
	    }
	}
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * Produce the new key material of Quick Mode.
 * RFC 2409 "IKE" section 5.5
 * specifies how this is to be done.
 */
static void
compute_proto_keymat(struct state *st
, u_int8_t protoid
, struct ipsec_proto_info *pi)
{
    size_t needed_len = 0; /* bytes of keying material needed */

    /* Add up the requirements for keying material
     * (It probably doesn't matter if we produce too much!)
     */
    switch (protoid)
    {
    case PROTO_IPSEC_ESP:
	    switch (pi->attrs.transid)
	    {
	    case ESP_NULL:
		needed_len = 0;
		break;
	    case ESP_DES:
		needed_len = DES_CBC_BLOCK_SIZE;
		break;
	    case ESP_3DES:
		needed_len = DES_CBC_BLOCK_SIZE * 3;
		break;
	    default:
#ifndef NO_KERNEL_ALG
		if((needed_len=kernel_alg_esp_enc_keylen(pi->attrs.transid))>0) {
			/* XXX: check key_len "coupling with kernel.c's */
			if (pi->attrs.key_len) {
				needed_len=pi->attrs.key_len/8;
				DBG(DBG_PARSING, DBG_log("compute_proto_keymat:"
						"key_len=%d from peer",
						(int)needed_len));
			}
			break;
		}
#endif
		bad_case(pi->attrs.transid);
	    }

#ifndef NO_KERNEL_ALG
	    DBG(DBG_PARSING, DBG_log("compute_proto_keymat:"
				    "needed_len (after ESP enc)=%d",
				    (int)needed_len));
	    if (kernel_alg_esp_auth_ok(pi->attrs.auth, NULL)) {
		needed_len += kernel_alg_esp_auth_keylen(pi->attrs.auth);
	    } else
#endif
	    switch (pi->attrs.auth)
	    {
	    case AUTH_ALGORITHM_NONE:
		break;
	    case AUTH_ALGORITHM_HMAC_MD5:
		needed_len += HMAC_MD5_KEY_LEN;
		break;
	    case AUTH_ALGORITHM_HMAC_SHA1:
		needed_len += HMAC_SHA1_KEY_LEN;
		break;
	    case AUTH_ALGORITHM_DES_MAC:
	    default:
		bad_case(pi->attrs.auth);
	    }
	    DBG(DBG_PARSING, DBG_log("compute_proto_keymat:"
				    "needed_len (after ESP auth)=%d",
				    (int)needed_len));
	    break;

    case PROTO_IPSEC_AH:
	    switch (pi->attrs.transid)
	    {
	    case AH_MD5:
		needed_len = HMAC_MD5_KEY_LEN;
		break;
	    case AH_SHA:
		needed_len = HMAC_SHA1_KEY_LEN;
		break;
	    default:
		bad_case(pi->attrs.transid);
	    }
	    break;

    default:
	bad_case(protoid);
    }

    pi->keymat_len = needed_len;

    /* Allocate space for the keying material.
     * Although only needed_len bytes are desired, we
     * must round up to a multiple of ctx.hmac_digest_size
     * so that our buffer isn't overrun.
     */
    {
	struct hmac_ctx ctx_me, ctx_peer;
	size_t needed_space;	/* space needed for keying material (rounded up) */
	size_t i;

	hmac_init_chunk(&ctx_me, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid_d);
	ctx_peer = ctx_me;	/* duplicate initial conditions */

	needed_space = needed_len + pad_up(needed_len, ctx_me.hmac_digest_size);
	replace(pi->our_keymat, alloc_bytes(needed_space, "keymat in compute_keymat()"));
	replace(pi->peer_keymat, alloc_bytes(needed_space, "peer_keymat in quick_inI1_outR1()"));

	for (i = 0;; )
	{
	    if (st->st_shared.ptr != NULL)
	    {
		/* PFS: include the g^xy */
		hmac_update_chunk(&ctx_me, st->st_shared);
		hmac_update_chunk(&ctx_peer, st->st_shared);
	    }
	    hmac_update(&ctx_me, &protoid, sizeof(protoid));
	    hmac_update(&ctx_peer, &protoid, sizeof(protoid));

	    hmac_update(&ctx_me, (u_char *)&pi->our_spi, sizeof(pi->our_spi));
	    hmac_update(&ctx_peer, (u_char *)&pi->attrs.spi, sizeof(pi->attrs.spi));

	    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx_me, st->st_ni);
	    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx_peer, st->st_ni);

	    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx_me, st->st_nr);
	    hmac_update_chunk(&ctx_peer, st->st_nr);

	    hmac_final(pi->our_keymat + i, &ctx_me);
	    hmac_final(pi->peer_keymat + i, &ctx_peer);

	    i += ctx_me.hmac_digest_size;
	    if (i >= needed_space)
		break;

	    /* more keying material needed: prepare to go around again */

	    hmac_reinit(&ctx_me);
	    hmac_reinit(&ctx_peer);

	    hmac_update(&ctx_me, pi->our_keymat + i - ctx_me.hmac_digest_size
		, ctx_me.hmac_digest_size);
	    hmac_update(&ctx_peer, pi->peer_keymat + i - ctx_peer.hmac_digest_size
		, ctx_peer.hmac_digest_size);
	}
    }

    DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
	DBG_dump("KEYMAT computed:\n", pi->our_keymat, pi->keymat_len);
	DBG_dump("Peer KEYMAT computed:\n", pi->peer_keymat, pi->keymat_len));
}

static void
compute_keymats(struct state *st)
{
    if (st->st_ah.present)
	compute_proto_keymat(st, PROTO_IPSEC_AH, &st->st_ah);
    if (st->st_esp.present)
	compute_proto_keymat(st, PROTO_IPSEC_ESP, &st->st_esp);
}

/* State Transition Functions.
 *
 * The definition of state_microcode_table in demux.c is a good
 * overview of these routines.
 *
 * - Called from process_packet; result handled by complete_state_transition
 * - struct state_microcode member "processor" points to these
 * - these routine definitionss are in state order
 * - these routines must be restartable from any point of error return:
 *   beware of memory allocated before any error.
 * - output HDR is usually emitted by process_packet (if state_microcode
 *   member first_out_payload isn't ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE).
 *
 * The transition functions' functions include:
 * - process and judge payloads
 * - update st_iv (result of decryption is in st_new_iv)
 * - build reply packet
 */

/* Handle a Main Mode Oakley first packet (responder side).
 * HDR;SA --> HDR;SA
 */
stf_status
main_inI1_outR1(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct payload_digest *const sa_pd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_SA];
    struct state *st;
    struct connection *c;
    struct isakmp_proposal proposal;
    pb_stream proposal_pbs;
    pb_stream r_sa_pbs;
    u_int32_t ipsecdoisit;
    lset_t policy = LEMPTY;
    int vids_to_send = 0;

    /* We preparse the peer's proposal in order to determine
     * the requested authentication policy (RSA or PSK)
     */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(preparse_isakmp_sa_body(&sa_pd->payload.sa
	, &sa_pd->pbs, &ipsecdoisit, &proposal_pbs, &proposal));

    backup_pbs(&proposal_pbs);
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(parse_isakmp_policy(&proposal_pbs
		     , proposal.isap_notrans, &policy));
    restore_pbs(&proposal_pbs);

    /* We are only considering candidate connections that match
     * the requested authentication policy (RSA or PSK)
     */
    c = find_host_connection(&md->iface->addr, pluto_port
			   , &md->sender, md->sender_port, policy);

    if (c == NULL && md->iface->ike_float)
    {
	c = find_host_connection(&md->iface->addr, NAT_T_IKE_FLOAT_PORT
		, &md->sender, md->sender_port, policy);
    }

    if (c == NULL)
    {
	/* See if a wildcarded connection can be found.
	 * We cannot pick the right connection, so we're making a guess.
	 * All Road Warrior connections are fair game:
	 * we pick the first we come across (if any).
	 * If we don't find any, we pick the first opportunistic
	 * with the smallest subnet that includes the peer.
	 * There is, of course, no necessary relationship between
	 * an Initiator's address and that of its client,
	 * but Food Groups kind of assumes one.
	 */
	{
	    struct connection *d;

	    d = find_host_connection(&md->iface->addr
		, pluto_port, (ip_address*)NULL, md->sender_port, policy);

	    for (; d != NULL; d = d->hp_next)
	    {
		if (d->kind == CK_GROUP)
		{
		    /* ignore */
		}
		else
		{
		    if (d->kind == CK_TEMPLATE && !(d->policy & POLICY_OPPO))
		    {
			/* must be Road Warrior: we have a winner */
			c = d;
			break;
		    }

		    /* Opportunistic or Shunt: pick tightest match */
		    if (addrinsubnet(&md->sender, &d->spd.that.client)
		    && (c == NULL || !subnetinsubnet(&c->spd.that.client, &d->spd.that.client)))
			c = d;
		}
	    }
	}

	if (c == NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "initial Main Mode message received on %s:%u"
		" but no connection has been authorized%s%s"
		, ip_str(&md->iface->addr), ntohs(portof(&md->iface->addr))
		, (policy != LEMPTY) ? " with policy=" : ""
		, (policy != LEMPTY) ? bitnamesof(sa_policy_bit_names, policy) : "");
	    /* XXX notification is in order! */
	    return STF_IGNORE;
	}
	else if (c->kind != CK_TEMPLATE)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "initial Main Mode message received on %s:%u"
		" but \"%s\" forbids connection"
		, ip_str(&md->iface->addr), pluto_port, c->name);
	    /* XXX notification is in order! */
	    return STF_IGNORE;
	}
	else
	{
	    /* Create a temporary connection that is a copy of this one.
	     * His ID isn't declared yet.
	     */
	    c = rw_instantiate(c, &md->sender, md->sender_port, NULL, NULL);
	}
    }
    else if (c->kind == CK_TEMPLATE)
    {
	/* Create an instance
	 * This is a rare case: wildcard peer ID but static peer IP address
	 */
	 c = rw_instantiate(c, &md->sender, md->sender_port, NULL, &c->spd.that.id);
    }

    /* Set up state */
    md->st = st = new_state();
    st->st_connection = c;
    set_cur_state(st);	/* (caller will reset cur_state) */
    st->st_try = 0;	/* not our job to try again from start */
    st->st_policy = c->policy & ~POLICY_IPSEC_MASK;	/* only as accurate as connection */

    memcpy(st->st_icookie, md->hdr.isa_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
    get_cookie(FALSE, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE, &md->sender);

    insert_state(st);	/* needs cookies, connection, and msgid (0) */

    st->st_doi = ISAKMP_DOI_IPSEC;
    st->st_situation = SIT_IDENTITY_ONLY; /* We only support this */

    if ((c->kind == CK_INSTANCE) && (c->spd.that.host_port != pluto_port))
    {
       plog("responding to Main Mode from unknown peer %s:%u"
	    , ip_str(&c->spd.that.host_addr), c->spd.that.host_port);
    }
    else if (c->kind == CK_INSTANCE)
    {
	plog("responding to Main Mode from unknown peer %s"
	    , ip_str(&c->spd.that.host_addr));
    }
    else
    {
	plog("responding to Main Mode");
    }

    /* parse_isakmp_sa also spits out a winning SA into our reply,
     * so we have to build our md->reply and emit HDR before calling it.
     */

    /* determine how many Vendor ID payloads we will be sending */
    if (SEND_PLUTO_VID)
	vids_to_send++;
    if (SEND_CISCO_UNITY_VID)
	vids_to_send++;
    if (md->openpgp)
	vids_to_send++;
    if (SEND_XAUTH_VID)
	vids_to_send++;
    /* always send DPD Vendor ID */
	vids_to_send++;
    if (md->nat_traversal_vid && nat_traversal_enabled)
	vids_to_send++;

    /* HDR out.
     * We can't leave this to comm_handle() because we must
     * fill in the cookie.
     */
    {
	struct isakmp_hdr r_hdr = md->hdr;

	r_hdr.isa_flags &= ~ISAKMP_FLAG_COMMIT;	/* we won't ever turn on this bit */
	memcpy(r_hdr.isa_rcookie, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
	r_hdr.isa_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_SA;
	if (!out_struct(&r_hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &md->reply, &md->rbody))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    /* start of SA out */
    {
	struct isakmp_sa r_sa = sa_pd->payload.sa;

	r_sa.isasa_np = vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;

	if (!out_struct(&r_sa, &isakmp_sa_desc, &md->rbody, &r_sa_pbs))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    /* SA body in and out */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(parse_isakmp_sa_body(ipsecdoisit, &proposal_pbs
	,&proposal, &r_sa_pbs, st, FALSE));

    /* if enabled send Pluto Vendor ID */
    if (SEND_PLUTO_VID)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &md->rbody, VID_STRONGSWAN))
	{
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* if enabled send Cisco Unity Vendor ID */
    if (SEND_CISCO_UNITY_VID)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &md->rbody, VID_CISCO_UNITY))
	{
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /*
     * if the peer sent an OpenPGP Vendor ID we offer the same capability
     */
    if (md->openpgp)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &md->rbody, VID_OPENPGP))
	{
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* Announce our ability to do eXtended AUTHentication to the peer */
    if (SEND_XAUTH_VID)
    {
	if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &md->rbody, VID_MISC_XAUTH))
	{
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* Announce our ability to do Dead Peer Detection to the peer */
    if (!out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
    , &md->rbody, VID_MISC_DPD))
    {
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    if (md->nat_traversal_vid && nat_traversal_enabled)
    {
	/* reply if NAT-Traversal draft is supported */
	st->nat_traversal = nat_traversal_vid_to_method(md->nat_traversal_vid);

	if (st->nat_traversal
	&& !out_vendorid(vids_to_send-- ? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, &md->rbody, md->nat_traversal_vid))
	{
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    close_message(&md->rbody);

    /* save initiator SA for HASH */
    clonereplacechunk(st->st_p1isa, sa_pd->pbs.start, pbs_room(&sa_pd->pbs), "sa in main_inI1_outR1()");

    return STF_OK;
}

/* STATE_MAIN_I1: HDR, SA --> auth dependent
 * PSK_AUTH, DS_AUTH: --> HDR, KE, Ni
 *
 * The following are not yet implemented:
 * PKE_AUTH: --> HDR, KE, [ HASH(1), ] <IDi1_b>PubKey_r, <Ni_b>PubKey_r
 * RPKE_AUTH: --> HDR, [ HASH(1), ] <Ni_b>Pubkey_r, <KE_b>Ke_i,
 *                <IDi1_b>Ke_i [,<<Cert-I_b>Ke_i]
 *
 * We must verify that the proposal received matches one we sent.
 */
stf_status
main_inR1_outI2(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;

    u_int8_t np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;

    /* verify echoed SA */
    {
	u_int32_t ipsecdoisit;
	pb_stream proposal_pbs;
	struct isakmp_proposal proposal;
	struct payload_digest *const sapd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_SA];

	RETURN_STF_FAILURE(preparse_isakmp_sa_body(&sapd->payload.sa
	    ,&sapd->pbs, &ipsecdoisit, &proposal_pbs, &proposal));
	if (proposal.isap_notrans != 1)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "a single Transform is required in a selecting Oakley Proposal; found %u"
	    , (unsigned)proposal.isap_notrans);
	    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(BAD_PROPOSAL_SYNTAX);
        }
	RETURN_STF_FAILURE(parse_isakmp_sa_body(ipsecdoisit
	    , &proposal_pbs, &proposal, NULL, st, TRUE));
    }

    if (nat_traversal_enabled && md->nat_traversal_vid)
    {
	st->nat_traversal = nat_traversal_vid_to_method(md->nat_traversal_vid);
	plog("enabling possible NAT-traversal with method %s"
	     , bitnamesof(natt_type_bitnames, st->nat_traversal));
    }
    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATD)
    {
	np = (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_RFC_VALUES) ?
		ISAKMP_NEXT_NATD_RFC : ISAKMP_NEXT_NATD_DRAFTS;
    }

    /**************** build output packet HDR;KE;Ni ****************/

    /* HDR out.
     * We can't leave this to comm_handle() because the isa_np
     * depends on the type of Auth (eventually).
     */
    echo_hdr(md, FALSE, ISAKMP_NEXT_KE);

    /* KE out */
    if (!build_and_ship_KE(st, &st->st_gi, st->st_oakley.group
    , &md->rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_NONCE))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

#ifdef DEBUG
    /* Ni out */
    if (!build_and_ship_nonce(&st->st_ni, &md->rbody
    , (cur_debugging & IMPAIR_BUST_MI2)? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID : np, "Ni"))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

    if (cur_debugging & IMPAIR_BUST_MI2)
    {
	/* generate a pointless large VID payload to push message over MTU */
	pb_stream vid_pbs;

	if (!out_generic(np, &isakmp_vendor_id_desc, &md->rbody, &vid_pbs))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	if (!out_zero(1500 /*MTU?*/, &vid_pbs, "Filler VID"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	close_output_pbs(&vid_pbs);
    }
#else
    /* Ni out */
    if (!build_and_ship_nonce(&st->st_ni, &md->rbody, np, "Ni"))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
#endif

    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATD)
    {
	if (!nat_traversal_add_natd(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &md->rbody, md))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    /* finish message */
    close_message(&md->rbody);

    /* Reinsert the state, using the responder cookie we just received */
    unhash_state(st);
    memcpy(st->st_rcookie, md->hdr.isa_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
    insert_state(st);	/* needs cookies, connection, and msgid (0) */

    return STF_OK;
}

/* STATE_MAIN_R1:
 * PSK_AUTH, DS_AUTH: HDR, KE, Ni --> HDR, KE, Nr
 *
 * The following are not yet implemented:
 * PKE_AUTH: HDR, KE, [ HASH(1), ] <IDi1_b>PubKey_r, <Ni_b>PubKey_r
 *	    --> HDR, KE, <IDr1_b>PubKey_i, <Nr_b>PubKey_i
 * RPKE_AUTH:
 *	    HDR, [ HASH(1), ] <Ni_b>Pubkey_r, <KE_b>Ke_i, <IDi1_b>Ke_i [,<<Cert-I_b>Ke_i]
 *	    --> HDR, <Nr_b>PubKey_i, <KE_b>Ke_r, <IDr1_b>Ke_r
 */
stf_status
main_inI2_outR2(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;
    pb_stream *keyex_pbs = &md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_KE]->pbs;
 
    /* send CR if auth is RSA and no preloaded RSA public key exists*/
    bool RSA_auth = st->st_oakley.auth == OAKLEY_RSA_SIG
		 || st->st_oakley.auth == XAUTHInitRSA
		 || st->st_oakley.auth == XAUTHRespRSA;
    bool send_cr = !no_cr_send && RSA_auth && !has_preloaded_public_key(st);

    u_int8_t np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;

    /* KE in */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_KE(&st->st_gi, "Gi", st->st_oakley.group, keyex_pbs));

    /* Ni in */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_nonce(md, &st->st_ni, "Ni"));

    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATD)
    {
       nat_traversal_natd_lookup(md);

       np = (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_RFC_VALUES) ?
		ISAKMP_NEXT_NATD_RFC : ISAKMP_NEXT_NATD_DRAFTS;
    }
    if (st->nat_traversal)
    {
       nat_traversal_show_result(st->nat_traversal, md->sender_port);
    }
    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_KA)
    {
       nat_traversal_new_ka_event();
    }

    /* decode certificate requests */
    st->st_connection->got_certrequest = FALSE;
    decode_cr(md, st->st_connection);

    /**************** build output packet HDR;KE;Nr ****************/

    /* HDR out done */

    /* KE out */
    if (!build_and_ship_KE(st, &st->st_gr, st->st_oakley.group
    , &md->rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_NONCE))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

#ifdef DEBUG
    /* Nr out */
    if (!build_and_ship_nonce(&st->st_nr, &md->rbody
    , (cur_debugging & IMPAIR_BUST_MR2)? ISAKMP_NEXT_VID
	: (send_cr? ISAKMP_NEXT_CR : np), "Nr"))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

    if (cur_debugging & IMPAIR_BUST_MR2)
    {
	/* generate a pointless large VID payload to push message over MTU */
	pb_stream vid_pbs;

	if (!out_generic((send_cr)? ISAKMP_NEXT_CR : np,
	    &isakmp_vendor_id_desc, &md->rbody, &vid_pbs))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	if (!out_zero(1500 /*MTU?*/, &vid_pbs, "Filler VID"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	close_output_pbs(&vid_pbs);
    }
#else
    /* Nr out */
    if (!build_and_ship_nonce(&st->st_nr, &md->rbody,
	(send_cr)? ISAKMP_NEXT_CR : np, "Nr"))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
#endif

    /* CR out */
    if (send_cr)
    {
	if (st->st_connection->kind == CK_PERMANENT)
	{
	    if (!build_and_ship_CR(CERT_X509_SIGNATURE
	    , st->st_connection->spd.that.ca
	    , &md->rbody, np))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
	else
	{
	    generalName_t *ca = NULL;

	    if (collect_rw_ca_candidates(md, &ca))
	    {
		generalName_t *gn;

		for (gn = ca; gn != NULL; gn = gn->next)
		{
		    if (!build_and_ship_CR(CERT_X509_SIGNATURE, gn->name
		    , &md->rbody
		    , gn->next == NULL ? np : ISAKMP_NEXT_CR))
			return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
		}
		free_generalNames(ca, FALSE);
	    }
	    else
	    {
		if (!build_and_ship_CR(CERT_X509_SIGNATURE, empty_chunk
		, &md->rbody, np))
		    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	    }
	}
    }

    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATD)
    {
       if (!nat_traversal_add_natd(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &md->rbody, md))
	   return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

    /* finish message */
    close_message(&md->rbody);

    /* next message will be encrypted, but not this one.
     * We could defer this calculation.
     */
    compute_dh_shared(st, st->st_gi, st->st_oakley.group);
    if (!generate_skeyids_iv(st))
	return STF_FAIL + AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
    update_iv(st);

    return STF_OK;
}

/* STATE_MAIN_I2:
 * SMF_PSK_AUTH: HDR, KE, Nr --> HDR*, IDi1, HASH_I
 * SMF_DS_AUTH: HDR, KE, Nr --> HDR*, IDi1, [ CERT, ] SIG_I
 *
 * The following are not yet implemented.
 * SMF_PKE_AUTH: HDR, KE, <IDr1_b>PubKey_i, <Nr_b>PubKey_i
 *	    --> HDR*, HASH_I
 * SMF_RPKE_AUTH: HDR, <Nr_b>PubKey_i, <KE_b>Ke_r, <IDr1_b>Ke_r
 *	    --> HDR*, HASH_I
 */
stf_status
main_inR2_outI3(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;
    pb_stream *const keyex_pbs = &md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_KE]->pbs;
    pb_stream id_pbs;	/* ID Payload; also used for hash calculation */

    certpolicy_t cert_policy = st->st_connection->spd.this.sendcert;
    cert_t mycert = st->st_connection->spd.this.cert;
    bool requested, send_cert, send_cr;

    bool RSA_auth = st->st_oakley.auth == OAKLEY_RSA_SIG
		 || st->st_oakley.auth == XAUTHInitRSA
		 || st->st_oakley.auth == XAUTHRespRSA;

    int auth_payload = RSA_auth ? ISAKMP_NEXT_SIG : ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH;

    /* KE in */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_KE(&st->st_gr, "Gr", st->st_oakley.group, keyex_pbs));

    /* Nr in */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_nonce(md, &st->st_nr, "Nr"));

    /* decode certificate requests */
    st->st_connection->got_certrequest = FALSE;
    decode_cr(md, st->st_connection);

    /* free collected certificate requests since as initiator
     * we don't heed them anyway
     */
    free_generalNames(st->st_connection->requested_ca, TRUE);
    st->st_connection->requested_ca = NULL;

    /* send certificate if auth is RSA, we have one and we want
     * or are requested to send it
     */
    requested = cert_policy == CERT_SEND_IF_ASKED
		&& st->st_connection->got_certrequest;
    send_cert = RSA_auth && mycert.type != CERT_NONE
		&& (cert_policy == CERT_ALWAYS_SEND || requested);

    /* send certificate request if we don't have a preloaded RSA public key */
    send_cr = !no_cr_send && send_cert && !has_preloaded_public_key(st);

    /* done parsing; initialize crypto  */
    compute_dh_shared(st, st->st_gr, st->st_oakley.group);
    if (!generate_skeyids_iv(st))
	return STF_FAIL + AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;

    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATD)
    {
	nat_traversal_natd_lookup(md);
    }
    if (st->nat_traversal)
    {
	nat_traversal_show_result(st->nat_traversal, md->sender_port);
    }
    if (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_KA)
    {
	nat_traversal_new_ka_event();
    }

    /*************** build output packet HDR*;IDii;HASH/SIG_I ***************/
    /* ??? NOTE: this is almost the same as main_inI3_outR3's code */

    /* HDR* out done */

    /* IDii out */
    {
	struct isakmp_ipsec_id id_hd;
	chunk_t id_b;

	build_id_payload(&id_hd, &id_b, &st->st_connection->spd.this);
	id_hd.isaiid_np = (send_cert)? ISAKMP_NEXT_CERT : auth_payload;
	if (!out_struct(&id_hd, &isakmp_ipsec_identification_desc, &md->rbody, &id_pbs)
	|| !out_chunk(id_b, &id_pbs, "my identity"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	close_output_pbs(&id_pbs);
    }

    /* CERT out */
    if (RSA_auth)
    {
	DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	    DBG_log("our certificate policy is %s"
		, enum_name(&cert_policy_names, cert_policy))
	)
	if (mycert.type != CERT_NONE)
	{
	    const char *request_text = "";

	    if (cert_policy == CERT_SEND_IF_ASKED)
		request_text = (send_cert)? "upon request":"without request";
	    plog("we have a cert %s sending it %s"
		, send_cert? "and are":"but are not", request_text);
	}
	else
	{
	    plog("we don't have a cert");
	}
    }
    if (send_cert)
    {
	pb_stream cert_pbs;

	struct isakmp_cert cert_hd;
	cert_hd.isacert_np = (send_cr)? ISAKMP_NEXT_CR : ISAKMP_NEXT_SIG;
	cert_hd.isacert_type = mycert.type;

	if (!out_struct(&cert_hd, &isakmp_ipsec_certificate_desc, &md->rbody, &cert_pbs))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	if (!out_chunk(get_mycert(mycert), &cert_pbs, "CERT"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	close_output_pbs(&cert_pbs);
    }

    /* CR out */
    if (send_cr)
    {
	if (!build_and_ship_CR(mycert.type, st->st_connection->spd.that.ca
	, &md->rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_SIG))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
    }

   /* HASH_I or SIG_I out */
    {
	u_char hash_val[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
	size_t hash_len = main_mode_hash(st, hash_val, TRUE, &id_pbs);

	if (auth_payload == ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH)
	{
	    /* HASH_I out */
	    if (!out_generic_raw(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &isakmp_hash_desc, &md->rbody
	    , hash_val, hash_len, "HASH_I"))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
	else
	{
	    /* SIG_I out */
	    u_char sig_val[RSA_MAX_OCTETS];
	    size_t sig_len = RSA_sign_hash(st->st_connection
		, sig_val, hash_val, hash_len);

	    if (sig_len == 0)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "unable to locate my private key for RSA Signature");
		return STF_FAIL + AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
	    }

	    if (!out_generic_raw(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &isakmp_signature_desc
	    , &md->rbody, sig_val, sig_len, "SIG_I"))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* encrypt message, except for fixed part of header */

    /* st_new_iv was computed by generate_skeyids_iv */
    if (!encrypt_message(&md->rbody, st))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;	/* ??? we may be partly committed */

    return STF_OK;
}

/* Shared logic for asynchronous lookup of DNS KEY records.
 * Used for STATE_MAIN_R2 and STATE_MAIN_I3.
 */

enum key_oppo_step {
    kos_null,
    kos_his_txt
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
    , kos_his_key
#endif
};

struct key_continuation {
    struct adns_continuation ac;	/* common prefix */
    struct msg_digest *md;
    enum   key_oppo_step step;
    bool                 failure_ok;
    err_t                last_ugh;
};

typedef stf_status (key_tail_fn)(struct msg_digest *md
				  , struct key_continuation *kc);
static void
report_key_dns_failure(struct id *id, err_t ugh)
{
    char id_buf[BUF_LEN];	/* arbitrary limit on length of ID reported */

    (void) idtoa(id, id_buf, sizeof(id_buf));
    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "no RSA public key known for '%s'"
	"; DNS search for KEY failed (%s)", id_buf, ugh);
}


/* Processs the Main Mode ID Payload and the Authenticator
 * (Hash or Signature Payload).
 * If a DNS query is still needed to get the other host's public key,
 * the query is initiated and STF_SUSPEND is returned.
 * Note: parameter kc is a continuation containing the results from
 * the previous DNS query, or NULL indicating no query has been issued.
 */
static stf_status
main_id_and_auth(struct msg_digest *md
		 , bool initiator	/* are we the Initiator? */
		 , cont_fn_t cont_fn	/* continuation function */
		 , const struct key_continuation *kc	/* current state, can be NULL */
)
{
    struct state *st = md->st;
    u_char hash_val[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
    size_t hash_len;
    struct id peer;
    stf_status r = STF_OK;

    /* ID Payload in */
    if (!decode_peer_id(md, &peer))
	return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;

    /* Hash the ID Payload.
     * main_mode_hash requires idpl->cur to be at end of payload
     * so we temporarily set if so.
     */
    {
	pb_stream *idpl = &md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_ID]->pbs;
	u_int8_t *old_cur = idpl->cur;

	idpl->cur = idpl->roof;
	hash_len = main_mode_hash(st, hash_val, !initiator, idpl);
	idpl->cur = old_cur;
    }

    switch (st->st_oakley.auth)
    {
    case OAKLEY_PRESHARED_KEY:
    case XAUTHInitPreShared:
    case XAUTHRespPreShared:
	{
	    pb_stream *const hash_pbs = &md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH]->pbs;

	    if (pbs_left(hash_pbs) != hash_len
	    || memcmp(hash_pbs->cur, hash_val, hash_len) != 0)
	    {
		DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "received HASH:"
		    , hash_pbs->cur, pbs_left(hash_pbs));
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "received Hash Payload does not match computed value");
		/* XXX Could send notification back */
		r = STF_FAIL + INVALID_HASH_INFORMATION;
	    }
	}
	break;

    case OAKLEY_RSA_SIG:
    case XAUTHInitRSA:
    case XAUTHRespRSA:
	r = RSA_check_signature(&peer, st, hash_val, hash_len
	    , &md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_SIG]->pbs
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
	    , kc == NULL? NULL : kc->ac.keys_from_dns
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */
	    , kc == NULL? NULL : kc->ac.gateways_from_dns
	    );

	if (r == STF_SUSPEND)
	{
	    /* initiate/resume asynchronous DNS lookup for key */
	    struct key_continuation *nkc
		= alloc_thing(struct key_continuation, "key continuation");
	    enum key_oppo_step step_done = kc == NULL? kos_null : kc->step;
	    err_t ugh = NULL;

	    /* Record that state is used by a suspended md */
	    passert(st->st_suspended_md == NULL);
	    st->st_suspended_md = md;

	    nkc->failure_ok = FALSE;
	    nkc->md = md;

	    switch (step_done)
	    {
	    case kos_null:
		/* first try: look for the TXT records */
		nkc->step = kos_his_txt;
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
		nkc->failure_ok = TRUE;
#endif
		ugh = start_adns_query(&peer
				       , &peer	/* SG itself */
				       , T_TXT
				       , cont_fn
				       , &nkc->ac);
		break;

#ifdef USE_KEYRR
	    case kos_his_txt:
		/* second try: look for the KEY records */
		nkc->step = kos_his_key;
		ugh = start_adns_query(&peer
				       , NULL	/* no sgw for KEY */
				       , T_KEY
				       , cont_fn
				       , &nkc->ac);
		break;
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */

	    default:
		bad_case(step_done);
	    }

	    if (ugh != NULL)
	    {
		report_key_dns_failure(&peer, ugh);
		st->st_suspended_md = NULL;
		r = STF_FAIL + INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
	    }
	}
	break;

    default:
	bad_case(st->st_oakley.auth);
    }
    if (r != STF_OK)
	return r;

    DBG(DBG_CRYPT, DBG_log("authentication succeeded"));

    /*
     * With the peer ID known, let's see if we need to switch connections.
     */
    if (!switch_connection(md, &peer, initiator))
	return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;

    return r;
}

/* This continuation is called as part of either
 * the main_inI3_outR3 state or main_inR3 state.
 *
 * The "tail" function is the corresponding tail
 * function main_inI3_outR3_tail | main_inR3_tail,
 * either directly when the state is started, or via
 * adns continuation.
 *
 * Basically, we go around in a circle:
 *   main_in?3* -> key_continue
 *                ^            \
 *               /              V
 *             adns            main_in?3*_tail
 *              ^               |
 *               \              V
 *                main_id_and_auth
 *
 * until such time as main_id_and_auth is able
 * to find authentication, or we run out of things
 * to try.
 */
static void
key_continue(struct adns_continuation *cr
, err_t ugh
, key_tail_fn *tail)
{
    struct key_continuation *kc = (void *)cr;
    struct state *st = kc->md->st;

    passert(cur_state == NULL);

    /* if st == NULL, our state has been deleted -- just clean up */
    if (st != NULL)
    {
	stf_status r;

	passert(st->st_suspended_md == kc->md);
	st->st_suspended_md = NULL;	/* no longer connected or suspended */
	cur_state = st;

	if (!kc->failure_ok && ugh != NULL)
	{
	    report_key_dns_failure(&st->st_connection->spd.that.id, ugh);
	    r = STF_FAIL + INVALID_KEY_INFORMATION;
	}
	else
	{

#ifdef USE_KEYRR
	    passert(kc->step == kos_his_txt || kc->step == kos_his_key);
#else
	    passert(kc->step == kos_his_txt);
#endif
	    kc->last_ugh = ugh;	/* record previous error in case we need it */
	    r = (*tail)(kc->md, kc);
	}
	complete_state_transition(&kc->md, r);
    }
    if (kc->md != NULL)
	release_md(kc->md);
    cur_state = NULL;
}

/* STATE_MAIN_R2:
 * PSK_AUTH: HDR*, IDi1, HASH_I --> HDR*, IDr1, HASH_R
 * DS_AUTH: HDR*, IDi1, [ CERT, ] SIG_I --> HDR*, IDr1, [ CERT, ] SIG_R
 * PKE_AUTH, RPKE_AUTH: HDR*, HASH_I --> HDR*, HASH_R
 *
 * Broken into parts to allow asynchronous DNS lookup.
 *
 * - main_inI3_outR3 to start
 * - main_inI3_outR3_tail to finish or suspend for DNS lookup
 * - main_inI3_outR3_continue to start main_inI3_outR3_tail again
 */
static key_tail_fn main_inI3_outR3_tail;	/* forward */

stf_status
main_inI3_outR3(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    return main_inI3_outR3_tail(md, NULL);
}

static void
main_inI3_outR3_continue(struct adns_continuation *cr, err_t ugh)
{
    key_continue(cr, ugh, main_inI3_outR3_tail);
}

static stf_status
main_inI3_outR3_tail(struct msg_digest *md
, struct key_continuation *kc)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;
    u_int8_t auth_payload;
    pb_stream r_id_pbs;	/* ID Payload; also used for hash calculation */
    certpolicy_t cert_policy;
    cert_t mycert;
    bool RSA_auth;
    bool send_cert;
    bool requested;

    /* ID and HASH_I or SIG_I in
     * Note: this may switch the connection being used!
     */
    {
	stf_status r = main_id_and_auth(md, FALSE
					, main_inI3_outR3_continue
					, kc);

	if (r != STF_OK)
	    return r;
    }

    /* send certificate if auth is RSA, we have one and we want
     * or are requested to send it
     */
    cert_policy = st->st_connection->spd.this.sendcert;
    mycert = st->st_connection->spd.this.cert;
    requested = cert_policy == CERT_SEND_IF_ASKED
		&& st->st_connection->got_certrequest;
    RSA_auth = st->st_oakley.auth == OAKLEY_RSA_SIG
	    || st->st_oakley.auth == XAUTHInitRSA
            || st->st_oakley.auth == XAUTHRespRSA;
    send_cert = RSA_auth
		&& mycert.type != CERT_NONE
		&& (cert_policy == CERT_ALWAYS_SEND || requested);

    /*************** build output packet HDR*;IDir;HASH/SIG_R ***************/
    /* proccess_packet() would automatically generate the HDR*
     * payload if smc->first_out_payload is not ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE.
     * We don't do this because we wish there to be no partially
     * built output packet if we need to suspend for asynch DNS.
     */
    /* ??? NOTE: this is almost the same as main_inR2_outI3's code */

    /* HDR* out
     * If auth were PKE_AUTH or RPKE_AUTH, ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH would
     * be first payload.
     */
    echo_hdr(md, TRUE, ISAKMP_NEXT_ID);

    auth_payload = RSA_auth ? ISAKMP_NEXT_SIG : ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH;

    /* IDir out */
    {
	/* id_hd should be struct isakmp_id, but struct isakmp_ipsec_id
	 * allows build_id_payload() to work for both phases.
	 */
	struct isakmp_ipsec_id id_hd;
	chunk_t id_b;

	build_id_payload(&id_hd, &id_b, &st->st_connection->spd.this);
	id_hd.isaiid_np = (send_cert)? ISAKMP_NEXT_CERT : auth_payload;
	if (!out_struct(&id_hd, &isakmp_ipsec_identification_desc, &md->rbody, &r_id_pbs)
	|| !out_chunk(id_b, &r_id_pbs, "my identity"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	close_output_pbs(&r_id_pbs);
    }

    /* CERT out */
    if (RSA_auth)
    {
	DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	    DBG_log("our certificate policy is %s"
		, enum_name(&cert_policy_names, cert_policy))
	)
	if (mycert.type != CERT_NONE)
	{
	    const char *request_text = "";

	    if (cert_policy == CERT_SEND_IF_ASKED)
		request_text = (send_cert)? "upon request":"without request";
	    plog("we have a cert %s sending it %s"
		, send_cert? "and are":"but are not", request_text);
	}
	else
	{
	    plog("we don't have a cert");
	}
    }
    if (send_cert)
    {
	pb_stream cert_pbs;

	struct isakmp_cert cert_hd;
	cert_hd.isacert_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_SIG;
	cert_hd.isacert_type = mycert.type;

	if (!out_struct(&cert_hd, &isakmp_ipsec_certificate_desc, &md->rbody, &cert_pbs))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	if (!out_chunk(get_mycert(mycert), &cert_pbs, "CERT"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	close_output_pbs(&cert_pbs);
    }

    /* HASH_R or SIG_R out */
    {
	u_char hash_val[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
	size_t hash_len = main_mode_hash(st, hash_val, FALSE, &r_id_pbs);

	if (auth_payload == ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH)
	{
	    /* HASH_R out */
	    if (!out_generic_raw(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &isakmp_hash_desc, &md->rbody
	    , hash_val, hash_len, "HASH_R"))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
	else
	{
	    /* SIG_R out */
	    u_char sig_val[RSA_MAX_OCTETS];
	    size_t sig_len = RSA_sign_hash(st->st_connection
		, sig_val, hash_val, hash_len);

	    if (sig_len == 0)
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "unable to locate my private key for RSA Signature");
		return STF_FAIL + AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
	    }

	    if (!out_generic_raw(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &isakmp_signature_desc
	    , &md->rbody, sig_val, sig_len, "SIG_R"))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	}
    }

    /* encrypt message, sans fixed part of header */

    if (!encrypt_message(&md->rbody, st))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;	/* ??? we may be partly committed */

    /* Last block of Phase 1 (R3), kept for Phase 2 IV generation */
    DBG_cond_dump(DBG_CRYPT, "last encrypted block of Phase 1:"
	, st->st_new_iv, st->st_new_iv_len);

    ISAKMP_SA_established(st->st_connection, st->st_serialno);

    /* Save Phase 1 IV */
    st->st_ph1_iv_len = st->st_new_iv_len;
    set_ph1_iv(st, st->st_new_iv);

    return STF_OK;
}

/* STATE_MAIN_I3:
 * Handle HDR*;IDir;HASH/SIG_R from responder.
 *
 * Broken into parts to allow asynchronous DNS for KEY records.
 *
 * - main_inR3 to start
 * - main_inR3_tail to finish or suspend for DNS lookup
 * - main_inR3_continue to start main_inR3_tail again
 */

static key_tail_fn main_inR3_tail;	/* forward */

stf_status
main_inR3(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    return main_inR3_tail(md, NULL);
}

static void
main_inR3_continue(struct adns_continuation *cr, err_t ugh)
{
    key_continue(cr, ugh, main_inR3_tail);
}

static stf_status
main_inR3_tail(struct msg_digest *md
, struct key_continuation *kc)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;

    /* ID and HASH_R or SIG_R in
     * Note: this may switch the connection being used!
     */
    {
	stf_status r = main_id_and_auth(md, TRUE, main_inR3_continue, kc);

	if (r != STF_OK)
	    return r;
    }

    /**************** done input ****************/

    ISAKMP_SA_established(st->st_connection, st->st_serialno);

    /* Save Phase 1 IV */
    st->st_ph1_iv_len = st->st_new_iv_len;
    set_ph1_iv(st, st->st_new_iv);


    update_iv(st);	/* finalize our Phase 1 IV */

    return STF_OK;
}

/* Handle first message of Phase 2 -- Quick Mode.
 * HDR*, HASH(1), SA, Ni [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ] -->
 * HDR*, HASH(2), SA, Nr [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ]
 * (see RFC 2409 "IKE" 5.5)
 * Installs inbound IPsec SAs.
 * Although this seems early, we know enough to do so, and
 * this way we know that it is soon enough to catch all
 * packets that other side could send using this IPsec SA.
 *
 * Broken into parts to allow asynchronous DNS for TXT records:
 *
 * - quick_inI1_outR1 starts the ball rolling.
 *   It checks and parses enough to learn the Phase 2 IDs
 *
 * - quick_inI1_outR1_tail does the rest of the job
 *   unless DNS must be consulted.  In that case,
 *   it starts a DNS query, salts away what is needed
 *   to continue, and suspends.  Calls
 *   + quick_inI1_outR1_start_query
 *   + quick_inI1_outR1_process_answer
 *
 * - quick_inI1_outR1_continue will restart quick_inI1_outR1_tail
 *   when DNS comes back with an answer.
 *
 * A big chunk of quick_inI1_outR1_tail is executed twice.
 * This is necessary because the set of connections
 * might change while we are awaiting DNS.
 * When first called, gateways_from_dns == NULL.  If DNS is
 * consulted asynchronously, gateways_from_dns != NULL the second time.
 * Remember that our state object might disappear too!
 *
 *
 * If the connection is opportunistic, we must verify delegation.
 *
 * 1. Check that we are authorized to be SG for
 *    our client.  We look for the TXT record that
 *    delegates us.  We also check that the public
 *    key (if present) matches the private key we used.
 *    Eventually, we should probably require DNSsec
 *    authentication for our side.
 *
 * 2. If our client TXT record did not include a
 *    public key, check the KEY record indicated
 *    by the identity in the TXT record.
 *
 * 3. If the peer's client is the peer itself, we
 *    consider it authenticated.  Otherwise, we check
 *    the TXT record for the client to see that
 *    the identity of the SG matches the peer and
 *    that some public key (if present in the TXT)
 *    matches.  We need not check the public key if
 *    it isn't in the TXT record.
 *
 * Since p isn't yet instantiated, we need to look
 * in c for description of peer.
 *
 * We cannot afford to block waiting for a DNS query.
 * The code here is structured as two halves:
 * - process the result of just completed
 *   DNS query (if any)
 * - if another query is needed, initiate the next
 *   DNS query and suspend
 */

enum verify_oppo_step {
    vos_fail,
    vos_start,
    vos_our_client,
    vos_our_txt,
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
    vos_our_key,
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */
    vos_his_client,
    vos_done
};

static const char *const verify_step_name[] = {
  "vos_fail",
  "vos_start",
  "vos_our_client",
  "vos_our_txt",
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
  "vos_our_key",
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */
  "vos_his_client",
  "vos_done"
};

/* hold anything we can handle of a Phase 2 ID */
struct p2id {
    ip_subnet net;
    u_int8_t proto;
    u_int16_t port;
};

struct verify_oppo_bundle {
    enum verify_oppo_step step;
    bool failure_ok;      /* if true, quick_inI1_outR1_continue will try
			   * other things on DNS failure */
    struct msg_digest *md;
    struct p2id my, his;
    unsigned int new_iv_len;	/* p1st's might change */
    u_char new_iv[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
    /* int whackfd; */	/* not needed because we are Responder */
};

struct verify_oppo_continuation {
    struct adns_continuation ac;	/* common prefix */
    struct verify_oppo_bundle b;
};

static stf_status quick_inI1_outR1_tail(struct verify_oppo_bundle *b
    , struct adns_continuation *ac);

stf_status
quick_inI1_outR1(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    const struct state *const p1st = md->st;
    struct connection *c = p1st->st_connection;
    struct payload_digest *const id_pd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_ID];
    struct verify_oppo_bundle b;

    /* HASH(1) in */
    CHECK_QUICK_HASH(md
	, quick_mode_hash12(hash_val, hash_pbs->roof, md->message_pbs.roof
	    , p1st, &md->hdr.isa_msgid, FALSE)
	, "HASH(1)", "Quick I1");

    /* [ IDci, IDcr ] in
     * We do this now (probably out of physical order) because
     * we wish to select the correct connection before we consult
     * it for policy.
     */

    if (id_pd != NULL)
    {
	/* ??? we are assuming IPSEC_DOI */

	/* IDci (initiator is peer) */

	if (!decode_net_id(&id_pd->payload.ipsec_id, &id_pd->pbs
	, &b.his.net, "peer client"))
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;

	/* Hack for MS 818043 NAT-T Update */

	if (id_pd->payload.ipsec_id.isaiid_idtype == ID_FQDN)
	    happy(addrtosubnet(&c->spd.that.host_addr, &b.his.net));

	/* End Hack for MS 818043 NAT-T Update */

	b.his.proto = id_pd->payload.ipsec_id.isaiid_protoid;
	b.his.port = id_pd->payload.ipsec_id.isaiid_port;
	b.his.net.addr.u.v4.sin_port = htons(b.his.port);

	/* IDcr (we are responder) */

	if (!decode_net_id(&id_pd->next->payload.ipsec_id, &id_pd->next->pbs
	, &b.my.net, "our client"))
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
        
	b.my.proto = id_pd->next->payload.ipsec_id.isaiid_protoid;
	b.my.port = id_pd->next->payload.ipsec_id.isaiid_port;
	b.my.net.addr.u.v4.sin_port = htons(b.my.port);
    }
    else
    {
	/* implicit IDci and IDcr: peer and self */
	if (!sameaddrtype(&c->spd.this.host_addr, &c->spd.that.host_addr))
	    return STF_FAIL;

	happy(addrtosubnet(&c->spd.this.host_addr, &b.my.net));
	happy(addrtosubnet(&c->spd.that.host_addr, &b.his.net));
	b.his.proto = b.my.proto = 0;
	b.his.port = b.my.port = 0;
    }
    b.step = vos_start;
    b.md = md;
    b.new_iv_len = p1st->st_new_iv_len;
    memcpy(b.new_iv, p1st->st_new_iv, p1st->st_new_iv_len);
    return quick_inI1_outR1_tail(&b, NULL);
}

static void
report_verify_failure(struct verify_oppo_bundle *b, err_t ugh)
{
    struct state *st = b->md->st;
    char fgwb[ADDRTOT_BUF]
	, cb[ADDRTOT_BUF];
    ip_address client;
    err_t which = NULL;

    switch (b->step)
    {
    case vos_our_client:
    case vos_our_txt:
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
    case vos_our_key:
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */
	which = "our";
	networkof(&b->my.net, &client);
	break;

    case vos_his_client:
	which = "his";
	networkof(&b->his.net, &client);
	break;

    case vos_start:
    case vos_done:
    case vos_fail:
    default:
	bad_case(b->step);
    }

    addrtot(&st->st_connection->spd.that.host_addr, 0, fgwb, sizeof(fgwb));
    addrtot(&client, 0, cb, sizeof(cb));
    loglog(RC_OPPOFAILURE
	, "gateway %s wants connection with %s as %s client, but DNS fails to confirm delegation: %s"
	, fgwb, cb, which, ugh);
}

static void
quick_inI1_outR1_continue(struct adns_continuation *cr, err_t ugh)
{
    stf_status r;
    struct verify_oppo_continuation *vc = (void *)cr;
    struct verify_oppo_bundle *b = &vc->b;
    struct state *st = b->md->st;

    passert(cur_state == NULL);
    /* if st == NULL, our state has been deleted -- just clean up */
    if (st != NULL)
    {
	passert(st->st_suspended_md == b->md);
	st->st_suspended_md = NULL;	/* no longer connected or suspended */
	cur_state = st;
	if (!b->failure_ok && ugh != NULL)
	{
	    report_verify_failure(b, ugh);
	    r = STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
	}
	else
	{
	    r = quick_inI1_outR1_tail(b, cr);
	}
	complete_state_transition(&b->md, r);
    }
    if (b->md != NULL)
	release_md(b->md);
    cur_state = NULL;
}

static stf_status
quick_inI1_outR1_start_query(struct verify_oppo_bundle *b
, enum verify_oppo_step next_step)
{
    struct msg_digest *md = b->md;
    struct state *p1st = md->st;
    struct connection *c = p1st->st_connection;
    struct verify_oppo_continuation *vc
	= alloc_thing(struct verify_oppo_continuation, "verify continuation");
    struct id id	/* subject of query */
	, *our_id	/* needed for myid playing */
	, our_id_space;	/* ephemeral: no need for unshare_id_content */
    ip_address client;
    err_t ugh = NULL;

    /* Record that state is used by a suspended md */
    b->step = next_step;    /* not just vc->b.step */
    vc->b = *b;
    passert(p1st->st_suspended_md == NULL);
    p1st->st_suspended_md = b->md;

    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	{
	    char ours[SUBNETTOT_BUF];
	    char his[SUBNETTOT_BUF];

	    subnettot(&c->spd.this.client, 0, ours, sizeof(ours));
	    subnettot(&c->spd.that.client, 0, his, sizeof(his));

	    DBG_log("responding with DNS query - from %s to %s new state: %s"
		    , ours, his, verify_step_name[b->step]);
	});

    /* Resolve %myid in a cheesy way.
     * We have to do the resolution because start_adns_query
     * et al have insufficient information to do so.
     * If %myid is already known, we'll use that value
     * (XXX this may be a mistake: it could be stale).
     * If %myid is unknown, we should check to see if
     * there are credentials for the IP address or the FQDN.
     * Instead, we'll just assume the IP address since we are
     * acting as the responder and only the IP address would
     * have gotten it to us.
     * We don't even try to do this for the other side:
     * %myid makes no sense for the other side (but it is syntactically
     * legal).
     */
    our_id = resolve_myid(&c->spd.this.id);
    if (our_id->kind == ID_NONE)
    {
	iptoid(&c->spd.this.host_addr, &our_id_space);
	our_id = &our_id_space;
    }

    switch (next_step)
    {
    case vos_our_client:
	networkof(&b->my.net, &client);
	iptoid(&client, &id);
	vc->b.failure_ok = b->failure_ok = FALSE;
	ugh = start_adns_query(&id
	    , our_id
	    , T_TXT
	    , quick_inI1_outR1_continue
	    , &vc->ac);
	break;

    case vos_our_txt:
	vc->b.failure_ok = b->failure_ok = TRUE;
	ugh = start_adns_query(our_id
	    , our_id	/* self as SG */
	    , T_TXT
	    , quick_inI1_outR1_continue
	    , &vc->ac);
	break;

#ifdef USE_KEYRR
    case vos_our_key:
	vc->b.failure_ok = b->failure_ok = FALSE;
	ugh = start_adns_query(our_id
	    , NULL
	    , T_KEY
	    , quick_inI1_outR1_continue
	    , &vc->ac);
	break;
#endif

    case vos_his_client:
	networkof(&b->his.net, &client);
	iptoid(&client, &id);
	vc->b.failure_ok = b->failure_ok = FALSE;
	ugh = start_adns_query(&id
	    , &c->spd.that.id
	    , T_TXT
	    , quick_inI1_outR1_continue
	    , &vc->ac);
	break;

    default:
	bad_case(next_step);
    }

    if (ugh != NULL)
    {
	/* note: we'd like to use vc->b but vc has been freed
	 * so we have to use b.  This is why we plunked next_state
	 * into b, not just vc->b.
	 */
	report_verify_failure(b, ugh);
	p1st->st_suspended_md = NULL;
	return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
    }
    else
    {
	return STF_SUSPEND;
    }
}

static enum verify_oppo_step
quick_inI1_outR1_process_answer(struct verify_oppo_bundle *b
, struct adns_continuation *ac
, struct state *p1st)
{
    struct connection *c = p1st->st_connection;
    enum verify_oppo_step next_step = vos_our_client;
    err_t ugh = NULL;

    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	{
	    char ours[SUBNETTOT_BUF];
	    char his[SUBNETTOT_BUF];

	    subnettot(&c->spd.this.client, 0, ours, sizeof(ours));
	    subnettot(&c->spd.that.client, 0, his, sizeof(his));
	    DBG_log("responding on demand from %s to %s state: %s"
		    , ours, his, verify_step_name[b->step]);
	});

    /* process just completed DNS query (if any) */
    switch (b->step)
    {
    case vos_start:
	/* no query to digest */
	next_step = vos_our_client;
	break;

    case vos_our_client:
	next_step = vos_his_client;
	{
	    const struct RSA_private_key *pri = get_RSA_private_key(c);
	    struct gw_info *gwp;

	    if (pri == NULL)
	    {
		ugh = "we don't know our own key";
		break;
	    }
	    ugh = "our client does not delegate us as its Security Gateway";
	    for (gwp = ac->gateways_from_dns; gwp != NULL; gwp = gwp->next)
	    {
		ugh = "our client delegates us as its Security Gateway but with the wrong public key";
		/* If there is no key in the TXT record,
		 * we count it as a win, but we will have
		 * to separately fetch and check the KEY record.
		 * If there is a key from the TXT record,
		 * we count it as a win if we match the key.
		 */
		if (!gwp->gw_key_present)
		{
		    next_step = vos_our_txt;
		    ugh = NULL;	/* good! */
		    break;
		}
		else if (same_RSA_public_key(&pri->pub, &gwp->key->u.rsa))
		{
		    ugh = NULL;	/* good! */
		    break;
		}
	    }
	}
	break;

    case vos_our_txt:
	next_step = vos_his_client;
	{
	    const struct RSA_private_key *pri = get_RSA_private_key(c);

	    if (pri == NULL)
	    {
		ugh = "we don't know our own key";
		break;
	    }
	    {
		struct gw_info *gwp;

		for (gwp = ac->gateways_from_dns; gwp != NULL; gwp = gwp->next)
		{
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
		    /* not an error yet, because we have to check KEY RR as well */
		    ugh = NULL;
#else
		    ugh = "our client delegation depends on our " RRNAME " record, but it has the wrong public key";
#endif
		    if (gwp->gw_key_present
		    && same_RSA_public_key(&pri->pub, &gwp->key->u.rsa))
		    {
			ugh = NULL;	/* good! */
			break;
		    }
#ifdef USE_KEYRR
		    next_step = vos_our_key;
#endif
		}
	    }
	}
	break;

#ifdef USE_KEYRR
    case vos_our_key:
	next_step = vos_his_client;
	{
	    const struct RSA_private_key *pri = get_RSA_private_key(c);

	    if (pri == NULL)
	    {
		ugh = "we don't know our own key";
		break;
	    }
	    {
		pubkey_list_t *kp;

		ugh = "our client delegation depends on our missing " RRNAME " record";
		for (kp = ac->keys_from_dns; kp != NULL; kp = kp->next)
		{
		    ugh = "our client delegation depends on our " RRNAME " record, but it has the wrong public key";
		    if (same_RSA_public_key(&pri->pub, &kp->key->u.rsa))
		    {
			/* do this only once a day */
			if (!logged_txt_warning)
			{
			    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "found KEY RR but not TXT RR. See http://www.freeswan.org/err/txt-change.html.");
			    logged_txt_warning = TRUE;
			}
			ugh = NULL;	/* good! */
			break;
		    }
		}
	    }
	}
	break;
#endif /* USE_KEYRR */

    case vos_his_client:
	next_step = vos_done;
	{
	    struct gw_info *gwp;

	    /* check that the public key that authenticated
	     * the ISAKMP SA (p1st) will do for this gateway.
	     */

	    ugh = "peer's client does not delegate to peer";
	    for (gwp = ac->gateways_from_dns; gwp != NULL; gwp = gwp->next)
	    {
		ugh = "peer and its client disagree about public key";
		/* If there is a key from the TXT record,
		 * we count it as a win if we match the key.
		 * If there was no key, we claim a match since
		 * it implies fetching a KEY from the same
		 * place we must have gotten it.
		 */
		if (!gwp->gw_key_present
		|| same_RSA_public_key(&p1st->st_peer_pubkey->u.rsa
		, &gwp->key->u.rsa))
		{
		    ugh = NULL;	/* good! */
		    break;
		}
	    }
	}
	break;

    default:
	bad_case(b->step);
    }

    if (ugh != NULL)
    {
	report_verify_failure(b, ugh);
	next_step = vos_fail;
    }
    return next_step;
}

static stf_status
quick_inI1_outR1_tail(struct verify_oppo_bundle *b
, struct adns_continuation *ac)
{
    struct msg_digest *md = b->md;
    struct state *const p1st = md->st;
    struct connection *c = p1st->st_connection;
    struct payload_digest *const id_pd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_ID];
    ip_subnet *our_net = &b->my.net
	, *his_net = &b->his.net;

    u_char	/* set by START_HASH_PAYLOAD: */
	*r_hashval,	/* where in reply to jam hash value */
	*r_hash_start;	/* from where to start hashing */

    /* Now that we have identities of client subnets, we must look for
     * a suitable connection (our current one only matches for hosts).
     */
    {
	struct connection *p = find_client_connection(c
	    , our_net, his_net, b->my.proto, b->my.port, b->his.proto, b->his.port);

	if (p == NULL)
	{
	    /* This message occurs in very puzzling circumstances
	     * so we must add as much information and beauty as we can.
	     */
	    struct end
		me = c->spd.this,
		he = c->spd.that;
	    char buf[2*SUBNETTOT_BUF + 2*ADDRTOT_BUF + 2*BUF_LEN + 2*ADDRTOT_BUF + 12]; /* + 12 for separating */
	    size_t l;

	    me.client = *our_net;
	    me.has_client = !subnetisaddr(our_net, &me.host_addr);
	    me.protocol = b->my.proto;
	    me.port = b->my.port;

	    he.client = *his_net;
	    he.has_client = !subnetisaddr(his_net, &he.host_addr);
	    he.protocol = b->his.proto;
	    he.port = b->his.port;

	    l = format_end(buf, sizeof(buf), &me, NULL, TRUE, LEMPTY);
	    l += snprintf(buf + l, sizeof(buf) - l, "...");
	    (void)format_end(buf + l, sizeof(buf) - l, &he, NULL, FALSE, LEMPTY);
	    plog("cannot respond to IPsec SA request"
		" because no connection is known for %s"
		, buf);
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
	}
	else if (p != c)
	{
	    /* We've got a better connection: it can support the
	     * specified clients.  But it may need instantiation.
	     */
	    if (p->kind == CK_TEMPLATE)
	    {
		/* Yup, it needs instantiation.  How much?
		 * Is it a Road Warrior connection (simple)
		 * or is it an Opportunistic connection (needing gw validation)?
		 */
		if (p->policy & POLICY_OPPO)
		{
		    /* Opportunistic case: delegation must be verified.
		     * Here be dragons.
		     */
		    enum verify_oppo_step next_step;
		    ip_address our_client, his_client;

		    passert(subnetishost(our_net) && subnetishost(his_net));
		    networkof(our_net, &our_client);
		    networkof(his_net, &his_client);

		    next_step = quick_inI1_outR1_process_answer(b, ac, p1st);
		    if (next_step == vos_fail)
			return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;

		    /* short circuit: if peer's client is self,
		     * accept that we've verified delegation in Phase 1
		     */
		    if (next_step == vos_his_client
		    && sameaddr(&c->spd.that.host_addr, &his_client))
			next_step = vos_done;

		    /* the second chunk: initiate the next DNS query (if any) */
		    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
			{
			    char ours[SUBNETTOT_BUF];
			    char his[SUBNETTOT_BUF];

			    subnettot(&c->spd.this.client, 0, ours, sizeof(ours));
			    subnettot(&c->spd.that.client, 0, his, sizeof(his));

			    DBG_log("responding on demand from %s to %s new state: %s"
				    , ours, his, verify_step_name[next_step]);
			});

		    /* start next DNS query and suspend (if necessary) */
		    if (next_step != vos_done)
			return quick_inI1_outR1_start_query(b, next_step);

		    /* Instantiate inbound Opportunistic connection,
		     * carrying over authenticated peer ID
		     * and filling in a few more details.
		     * We used to include gateways_from_dns, but that
		     * seems pointless at this stage of negotiation.
		     * We should record DNS sec use, if any -- belongs in
		     * state during perhaps.
		     */
		    p = oppo_instantiate(p, &c->spd.that.host_addr, &c->spd.that.id
			, NULL, &our_client, &his_client);
		}
		else
		{
		    /* Plain Road Warrior:
		     * instantiate, carrying over authenticated peer ID
		     */
		    p = rw_instantiate(p, &c->spd.that.host_addr, md->sender_port
				, his_net, &c->spd.that.id);
		}
	    }
#ifdef DEBUG
	    /* temporarily bump up cur_debugging to get "using..." message
	     * printed if we'd want it with new connection.
	     */
	    {
		lset_t old_cur_debugging = cur_debugging;

		cur_debugging |= p->extra_debugging;
		DBG(DBG_CONTROL, DBG_log("using connection \"%s\"", p->name));
		cur_debugging = old_cur_debugging;
	    }
#endif
	    c = p;
	}
	/* fill in the client's true ip address/subnet */
	if (p->spd.that.has_client_wildcard)
	{
	    p->spd.that.client = *his_net;
	    p->spd.that.has_client_wildcard = FALSE;
	}
	else if (is_virtual_connection(c))
	{
	    c->spd.that.client = *his_net;
	    c->spd.that.virt = NULL;
	    if (subnetishost(his_net) && addrinsubnet(&c->spd.that.host_addr, his_net))
		c->spd.that.has_client = FALSE;
	}

	/* fill in the client's true port */
	if (p->spd.that.has_port_wildcard)
	{
	    int port = htons(b->his.port);

	    setportof(port, &p->spd.that.host_addr);
	    setportof(port, &p->spd.that.client.addr);

	    p->spd.that.port = b->his.port;
	    p->spd.that.has_port_wildcard = FALSE;
	}
    }

    /* now that we are sure of our connection, create our new state */
    {
	struct state *const st = duplicate_state(p1st);

	/* first: fill in missing bits of our new state object
	 * note: we don't copy over st_peer_pubkey, the public key
	 * that authenticated the ISAKMP SA.  We only need it in this
	 * routine, so we can "reach back" to p1st to get it.
	 */

	if (st->st_connection != c)
	{
	    struct connection *t = st->st_connection;

	    st->st_connection = c;
	    set_cur_connection(c);
	    connection_discard(t);
	}

	st->st_try = 0;	/* not our job to try again from start */

	st->st_msgid = md->hdr.isa_msgid;

	st->st_new_iv_len = b->new_iv_len;
	memcpy(st->st_new_iv, b->new_iv, b->new_iv_len);

	set_cur_state(st);	/* (caller will reset) */
	md->st = st;	/* feed back new state */

	st->st_peeruserprotoid = b->his.proto;
	st->st_peeruserport = b->his.port;
	st->st_myuserprotoid = b->my.proto;
	st->st_myuserport = b->my.port;

	insert_state(st);	/* needs cookies, connection, and msgid */

	/* copy the connection's
	 * IPSEC policy into our state.  The ISAKMP policy is water under
	 * the bridge, I think.  It will reflect the ISAKMP SA that we
	 * are using.
	 */
	st->st_policy = (p1st->st_policy & POLICY_ISAKMP_MASK)
	    | (c->policy & ~POLICY_ISAKMP_MASK);

	if (p1st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_DETECTED)
	{
	    st->nat_traversal = p1st->nat_traversal;
	    nat_traversal_change_port_lookup(md, md->st);
	}
	else
	{
	    st->nat_traversal = 0;
	}
	if ((st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_DETECTED)
	&&  (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATOA))
	{
	    nat_traversal_natoa_lookup(md);
	}

	/* Start the output packet.
	 *
	 * proccess_packet() would automatically generate the HDR*
	 * payload if smc->first_out_payload is not ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE.
	 * We don't do this because we wish there to be no partially
	 * built output packet if we need to suspend for asynch DNS.
	 *
	 * We build the reply packet as we parse the message since
	 * the parse_ipsec_sa_body emits the reply SA
	 */

	/* HDR* out */
	echo_hdr(md, TRUE, ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH);

	/* HASH(2) out -- first pass */
	START_HASH_PAYLOAD(md->rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_SA);

	/* process SA (in and out) */
	{
	    struct payload_digest *const sapd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_SA];
	    pb_stream r_sa_pbs;
	    struct isakmp_sa sa = sapd->payload.sa;

	    /* sa header is unchanged -- except for np */
	    sa.isasa_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONCE;
	    if (!out_struct(&sa, &isakmp_sa_desc, &md->rbody, &r_sa_pbs))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

	    /* parse and accept body */
	    st->st_pfs_group = &unset_group;
	    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(parse_ipsec_sa_body(&sapd->pbs
		    , &sapd->payload.sa, &r_sa_pbs, FALSE, st));
	}

	passert(st->st_pfs_group != &unset_group);

	if ((st->st_policy & POLICY_PFS) && st->st_pfs_group == NULL)
	{
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "we require PFS but Quick I1 SA specifies no GROUP_DESCRIPTION");
	    return STF_FAIL + NO_PROPOSAL_CHOSEN;	/* ??? */
	}

	/* Ni in */
	RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_nonce(md, &st->st_ni, "Ni"));

	/* [ KE ] in (for PFS) */
	RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_PFS_KE(md, &st->st_gi, "Gi", "Quick Mode I1"));

	plog("responding to Quick Mode");

	/**** finish reply packet: Nr [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ] ****/

	/* Nr out */
	if (!build_and_ship_nonce(&st->st_nr, &md->rbody
	, st->st_pfs_group != NULL? ISAKMP_NEXT_KE : id_pd != NULL? ISAKMP_NEXT_ID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE
	, "Nr"))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

	/* [ KE ] out (for PFS) */

	if (st->st_pfs_group != NULL)
	{
	    if (!build_and_ship_KE(st, &st->st_gr, st->st_pfs_group
	    , &md->rbody, id_pd != NULL? ISAKMP_NEXT_ID : ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE))
		    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

	    /* MPZ-Operations might be done after sending the packet... */
	    compute_dh_shared(st, st->st_gi, st->st_pfs_group);
	}

	/* [ IDci, IDcr ] out */
	if  (id_pd != NULL)
	{
	    struct isakmp_ipsec_id *p = (void *)md->rbody.cur;	/* UGH! */

	    if (!out_raw(id_pd->pbs.start, pbs_room(&id_pd->pbs), &md->rbody, "IDci"))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	    p->isaiid_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_ID;

	    p = (void *)md->rbody.cur;	/* UGH! */

	    if (!out_raw(id_pd->next->pbs.start, pbs_room(&id_pd->next->pbs), &md->rbody, "IDcr"))
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	    p->isaiid_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;
	}

	if ((st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATOA)
	&& (st->nat_traversal & LELEM(NAT_TRAVERSAL_NAT_BHND_ME))
	&& (st->st_esp.attrs.encapsulation == ENCAPSULATION_MODE_TRANSPORT))
	{
	    /** Send NAT-OA if our address is NATed and if we use Transport Mode */
	    if (!nat_traversal_add_natoa(ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE, &md->rbody, md->st))
	    {
		return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
	    }
	}
	if ((st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_DETECTED)
	&& (st->st_esp.attrs.encapsulation == ENCAPSULATION_MODE_TRANSPORT)
	&& (c->spd.that.has_client))
	{
	    /** Remove client **/
	    addrtosubnet(&c->spd.that.host_addr, &c->spd.that.client);
	    c->spd.that.has_client = FALSE;
	}

	/* Compute reply HASH(2) and insert in output */
	(void)quick_mode_hash12(r_hashval, r_hash_start, md->rbody.cur
	    , st, &st->st_msgid, TRUE);

	/* Derive new keying material */
	compute_keymats(st);

	/* Tell the kernel to establish the new inbound SA
	 * (unless the commit bit is set -- which we don't support).
	 * We do this before any state updating so that
	 * failure won't look like success.
	 */
	if (!install_inbound_ipsec_sa(st))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;	/* ??? we may be partly committed */

	/* encrypt message, except for fixed part of header */

	if (!encrypt_message(&md->rbody, st))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;	/* ??? we may be partly committed */

	return STF_OK;
    }
}

/*
 * Initialize RFC 3706 Dead Peer Detection
 */
static void
dpd_init(struct state *st)
{
    struct state *p1st = find_state(st->st_icookie, st->st_rcookie
				, &st->st_connection->spd.that.host_addr, 0);
    
    if (p1st == NULL)
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "could not find phase 1 state for DPD");
    else if (p1st->st_dpd)
    {
	plog("Dead Peer Detection (RFC 3706) enabled");
	/* randomize the first DPD event */
        
	event_schedule(EVENT_DPD
	    , (0.5 + rand()/(RAND_MAX + 1.E0)) * st->st_connection->dpd_delay
	    , st);
    }
}

/* Handle (the single) message from Responder in Quick Mode.
 * HDR*, HASH(2), SA, Nr [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ] -->
 * HDR*, HASH(3)
 * (see RFC 2409 "IKE" 5.5)
 * Installs inbound and outbound IPsec SAs, routing, etc.
 */
stf_status
quick_inR1_outI2(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;
    const struct connection *c = st->st_connection;

    /* HASH(2) in */
    CHECK_QUICK_HASH(md
	, quick_mode_hash12(hash_val, hash_pbs->roof, md->message_pbs.roof
	    , st, &st->st_msgid, TRUE)
	, "HASH(2)", "Quick R1");

    /* SA in */
    {
	struct payload_digest *const sa_pd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_SA];

	RETURN_STF_FAILURE(parse_ipsec_sa_body(&sa_pd->pbs
	    , &sa_pd->payload.sa, NULL, TRUE, st));
    }

    /* Nr in */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_nonce(md, &st->st_nr, "Nr"));

    /* [ KE ] in (for PFS) */
    RETURN_STF_FAILURE(accept_PFS_KE(md, &st->st_gr, "Gr", "Quick Mode R1"));

    if (st->st_pfs_group != NULL)
	compute_dh_shared(st, st->st_gr, st->st_pfs_group);

    /* [ IDci, IDcr ] in; these must match what we sent */

    {
	struct payload_digest *const id_pd = md->chain[ISAKMP_NEXT_ID];

	if (id_pd != NULL)
	{
	    /* ??? we are assuming IPSEC_DOI */

	    /* IDci (we are initiator) */

	    if (!check_net_id(&id_pd->payload.ipsec_id, &id_pd->pbs
	    , &st->st_myuserprotoid, &st->st_myuserport
	    , &st->st_connection->spd.this.client
	    , "our client"))
		return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;

	    /* IDcr (responder is peer) */

	    if (!check_net_id(&id_pd->next->payload.ipsec_id, &id_pd->next->pbs
	    , &st->st_peeruserprotoid, &st->st_peeruserport
	    , &st->st_connection->spd.that.client
	    , "peer client"))
		return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
	}
	else
	{
	    /* no IDci, IDcr: we must check that the defaults match our proposal */
	    if (!subnetisaddr(&c->spd.this.client, &c->spd.this.host_addr)
	    || !subnetisaddr(&c->spd.that.client, &c->spd.that.host_addr))
	    {
		loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "IDci, IDcr payloads missing in message"
		    " but default does not match proposal");
		return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
	    }
	}
    }

    /* check the peer's group attributes */
    
    {
	const ietfAttrList_t *peer_list = NULL;
	
	get_peer_ca_and_groups(st->st_connection, &peer_list);

	if (!group_membership(peer_list, st->st_connection->name
		, st->st_connection->spd.that.groups))
	{
	    char buf[BUF_LEN];

	    format_groups(st->st_connection->spd.that.groups, buf, BUF_LEN);
	    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "peer is not member of one of the groups: %s"
		, buf);
	    return STF_FAIL + INVALID_ID_INFORMATION;
	}
    }

	if ((st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_DETECTED)
	&&  (st->nat_traversal & NAT_T_WITH_NATOA))
	{
	    nat_traversal_natoa_lookup(md);
	}

    /* ??? We used to copy the accepted proposal into the state, but it was
     * never used.  From sa_pd->pbs.start, length pbs_room(&sa_pd->pbs).
     */

    /**************** build reply packet HDR*, HASH(3) ****************/

    /* HDR* out done */

    /* HASH(3) out -- since this is the only content, no passes needed */
    {
	u_char	/* set by START_HASH_PAYLOAD: */
	    *r_hashval,	/* where in reply to jam hash value */
	    *r_hash_start;	/* start of what is to be hashed */

	START_HASH_PAYLOAD(md->rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE);
	(void)quick_mode_hash3(r_hashval, st);
    }

    /* Derive new keying material */
    compute_keymats(st);

    /* Tell the kernel to establish the inbound, outbound, and routing part
     * of the new SA (unless the commit bit is set -- which we don't support).
     * We do this before any state updating so that
     * failure won't look like success.
     */
    if (!install_ipsec_sa(st, TRUE))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

    /* encrypt message, except for fixed part of header */

    if (!encrypt_message(&md->rbody, st))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;	/* ??? we may be partly committed */

    {
      DBG(DBG_CONTROLMORE, DBG_log("inR1_outI2: instance %s[%ld], setting newest_ipsec_sa to #%ld (was #%ld) (spd.eroute=#%ld)"
			       , st->st_connection->name
			       , st->st_connection->instance_serial
			       , st->st_serialno
			       , st->st_connection->newest_ipsec_sa
			       , st->st_connection->spd.eroute_owner));
    }
    
    st->st_connection->newest_ipsec_sa = st->st_serialno;

    /* note (presumed) success */
    if (c->gw_info != NULL)
	c->gw_info->key->last_worked_time = now();

    /* If we want DPD on this connection then initialize it */
    if (st->st_connection->dpd_action != DPD_ACTION_NONE)
	dpd_init(st);

    return STF_OK;
}

/* Handle last message of Quick Mode.
 * HDR*, HASH(3) -> done
 * (see RFC 2409 "IKE" 5.5)
 * Installs outbound IPsec SAs, routing, etc.
 */
stf_status
quick_inI2(struct msg_digest *md)
{
    struct state *const st = md->st;

    /* HASH(3) in */
    CHECK_QUICK_HASH(md, quick_mode_hash3(hash_val, st)
	, "HASH(3)", "Quick I2");

    /* Tell the kernel to establish the outbound and routing part of the new SA
     * (the previous state established inbound)
     * (unless the commit bit is set -- which we don't support).
     * We do this before any state updating so that
     * failure won't look like success.
     */
    if (!install_ipsec_sa(st, FALSE))
	return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

    {
      DBG(DBG_CONTROLMORE, DBG_log("inI2: instance %s[%ld], setting newest_ipsec_sa to #%ld (was #%ld) (spd.eroute=#%ld)"
			       , st->st_connection->name
			       , st->st_connection->instance_serial
			       , st->st_serialno
			       , st->st_connection->newest_ipsec_sa
			       , st->st_connection->spd.eroute_owner));
    }

    st->st_connection->newest_ipsec_sa = st->st_serialno;

    update_iv(st);	/* not actually used, but tidy */

    /* note (presumed) success */
    {
	struct gw_info *gw = st->st_connection->gw_info;

	if (gw != NULL)
	    gw->key->last_worked_time = now();
    }

    /* If we want DPD on this connection then initialize it */
    if (st->st_connection->dpd_action != DPD_ACTION_NONE)
	dpd_init(st);

    return STF_OK;
}

static stf_status
send_isakmp_notification(struct state *st, u_int16_t type
    , const void *data, size_t len)
{
    msgid_t msgid;
    pb_stream reply;
    pb_stream rbody;
    u_char
	*r_hashval,     /* where in reply to jam hash value */
	*r_hash_start;  /* start of what is to be hashed */
        
    msgid = generate_msgid(st);
    
    init_pbs(&reply, reply_buffer, sizeof(reply_buffer), "ISAKMP notify");

    /* HDR* */
    {
	struct isakmp_hdr hdr;

        hdr.isa_version = ISAKMP_MAJOR_VERSION << ISA_MAJ_SHIFT | ISAKMP_MINOR_VERSION;
        hdr.isa_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH;
        hdr.isa_xchg = ISAKMP_XCHG_INFO;
        hdr.isa_msgid = msgid;
        hdr.isa_flags = ISAKMP_FLAG_ENCRYPTION;
        memcpy(hdr.isa_icookie, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
        memcpy(hdr.isa_rcookie, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE);
        if (!out_struct(&hdr, &isakmp_hdr_desc, &reply, &rbody))
            impossible();
    }
    /* HASH -- create and note space to be filled later */
    START_HASH_PAYLOAD(rbody, ISAKMP_NEXT_N);

    /* NOTIFY */
    {
        pb_stream notify_pbs;
        struct isakmp_notification isan;

        isan.isan_np = ISAKMP_NEXT_NONE;
        isan.isan_doi = ISAKMP_DOI_IPSEC;
        isan.isan_protoid = PROTO_ISAKMP;
        isan.isan_spisize = COOKIE_SIZE * 2;  
        isan.isan_type = type;
        if (!out_struct(&isan, &isakmp_notification_desc, &rbody, &notify_pbs))
            return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
        if (!out_raw(st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE, &notify_pbs, "notify icookie"))
            return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;  
        if (!out_raw(st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE, &notify_pbs, "notify rcookie"))
            return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;  
        if (data != NULL && len > 0)
            if (!out_raw(data, len, &notify_pbs, "notify data"))
                return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;    
        close_output_pbs(&notify_pbs);
    }
            
    {
        /* finish computing HASH */     
        struct hmac_ctx ctx;
        hmac_init_chunk(&ctx, st->st_oakley.hasher, st->st_skeyid_a);
        hmac_update(&ctx, (const u_char *) &msgid, sizeof(msgid_t));
        hmac_update(&ctx, r_hash_start, rbody.cur-r_hash_start);
        hmac_final(r_hashval, &ctx);  

        DBG(DBG_CRYPT,
                DBG_log("HASH computed:");
                DBG_dump("", r_hashval, ctx.hmac_digest_size));
    }

    /* Encrypt message (preserve st_iv and st_new_iv) */
    {
	u_char old_iv[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];
	u_char new_iv[MAX_DIGEST_LEN];

	u_int old_iv_len = st->st_iv_len;
	u_int new_iv_len = st->st_new_iv_len;

	if (old_iv_len > MAX_DIGEST_LEN || new_iv_len > MAX_DIGEST_LEN)
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;

	memcpy(old_iv, st->st_iv, old_iv_len);
	memcpy(new_iv, st->st_new_iv, new_iv_len);

	init_phase2_iv(st, &msgid);
	if (!encrypt_message(&rbody, st))
	    return STF_INTERNAL_ERROR;
     
	/* restore preserved st_iv and st_new_iv */
	memcpy(st->st_iv, old_iv, old_iv_len);
	memcpy(st->st_new_iv, new_iv, new_iv_len);
	st->st_iv_len = old_iv_len;
	st->st_new_iv_len = new_iv_len;
    }

    /* Send packet (preserve st_tpacket) */
    {
        chunk_t saved_tpacket = st->st_tpacket;

        setchunk(st->st_tpacket, reply.start, pbs_offset(&reply));
        send_packet(st, "ISAKMP notify");
        st->st_tpacket = saved_tpacket;
    }

    return STF_IGNORE;
}

/*
 * DPD Out Initiator
 */
void
dpd_outI(struct state *p2st)
{
    struct state *st;
    u_int32_t seqno;
    time_t tm;
    time_t idle_time;
    time_t delay = p2st->st_connection->dpd_delay;
    time_t timeout = p2st->st_connection->dpd_timeout;

    /* find the newest related Phase 1 state */
    st = find_phase1_state(p2st->st_connection, ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED_STATES);

    if (st == NULL)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Could not find newest phase 1 state");
	return;
    }

    /* If no DPD, then get out of here */
    if (!st->st_dpd)
 	return;

    /* schedule the next periodic DPD event */
    event_schedule(EVENT_DPD, delay, p2st);

    /* Current time */
    tm = now();

    /* Make sure we really need to invoke DPD */
    if (!was_eroute_idle(p2st, delay, &idle_time))
    {
	DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	    DBG_log("recent eroute activity %u seconds ago, "
		    "no need to send DPD notification"
		  , (int)idle_time)
	)
	st->st_last_dpd = tm;
	delete_dpd_event(st);
	return;
    }

    /* If an R_U_THERE has been sent or received recently, or if a
     * companion Phase 2 SA has shown eroute activity,
     * then we don't need to invoke DPD.
     */
    if (tm < st->st_last_dpd + delay)
    {
	DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	    DBG_log("recent DPD activity %u seconds ago, "
	    	    "no need to send DPD notification"
		  , (int)(tm - st->st_last_dpd))
	)
	return;
    }

    if (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
	return;

    if (!st->st_dpd_seqno)
    {
	/* Get a non-zero random value that has room to grow */
	get_rnd_bytes((u_char *)&st->st_dpd_seqno, sizeof(st->st_dpd_seqno));
	st->st_dpd_seqno &= 0x7fff;
	st->st_dpd_seqno++;
    }
    seqno = htonl(st->st_dpd_seqno);

    if (send_isakmp_notification(st, R_U_THERE, &seqno, sizeof(seqno)) != STF_IGNORE)
    {
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Could not send R_U_THERE");
	return;
    }
    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	DBG_log("sent DPD notification R_U_THERE with seqno = %u", st->st_dpd_seqno)
    )
    st->st_dpd_expectseqno = st->st_dpd_seqno++;
    st->st_last_dpd = tm;
    /* Only schedule a new timeout if there isn't one currently,
     * or if it would be sooner than the current timeout. */
    if (st->st_dpd_event == NULL
    || st->st_dpd_event->ev_time > tm + timeout)
    {
	delete_dpd_event(st);
	event_schedule(EVENT_DPD_TIMEOUT, timeout, st);
    }
}

/*
 * DPD in Initiator, out Responder
 */
stf_status
dpd_inI_outR(struct state *st, struct isakmp_notification *const n, pb_stream *pbs)
{
   time_t tm = now();
    u_int32_t seqno;

    if (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Received R_U_THERE for unestablished ISKAMP SA");
        return STF_IGNORE;
    }
    if (n->isan_spisize != COOKIE_SIZE * 2 || pbs_left(pbs) < COOKIE_SIZE * 2)
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: R_U_THERE has invalid SPI length (%d)", n->isan_spisize);
        return STF_FAIL + PAYLOAD_MALFORMED;
    }

    if (memcmp(pbs->cur, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE) != 0)
    {
#ifdef APPLY_CRISCO
        /* Ignore it, cisco sends odd icookies */
#else
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: R_U_THERE has invalid icookie (broken Cisco?)");
        return STF_FAIL + INVALID_COOKIE;
#endif
    }
    pbs->cur += COOKIE_SIZE;

    if (memcmp(pbs->cur, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE) != 0)
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: R_U_THERE has invalid rcookie (broken Cisco?)");
	return STF_FAIL + INVALID_COOKIE;
    }
    pbs->cur += COOKIE_SIZE;

    if (pbs_left(pbs) != sizeof(seqno))
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: R_U_THERE has invalid data length (%d)"
	    , (int) pbs_left(pbs));
        return STF_FAIL + PAYLOAD_MALFORMED;
    }

    seqno = ntohl(*(u_int32_t *)pbs->cur);
    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	DBG_log("received DPD notification R_U_THERE with seqno = %u", seqno)
    )

    if (st->st_dpd_peerseqno && seqno <= st->st_dpd_peerseqno) {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Received old or duplicate R_U_THERE");
        return STF_IGNORE;
    }

    st->st_dpd_peerseqno = seqno;
    delete_dpd_event(st);

    if (send_isakmp_notification(st, R_U_THERE_ACK, pbs->cur, pbs_left(pbs)) != STF_IGNORE)
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD Info: could not send R_U_THERE_ACK");
        return STF_IGNORE;
    }
    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	DBG_log("sent DPD notification R_U_THERE_ACK with seqno = %u", seqno)
    )

    st->st_last_dpd = tm;
    return STF_IGNORE;
}

/*
 * DPD out Responder
 */
stf_status
dpd_inR(struct state *st, struct isakmp_notification *const n, pb_stream *pbs)
{
    u_int32_t seqno;

    if (!IS_ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED(st->st_state))
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , "DPD: Received R_U_THERE_ACK for unestablished ISKAMP SA");
        return STF_FAIL;
    }

   if (n->isan_spisize != COOKIE_SIZE * 2 || pbs_left(pbs) < COOKIE_SIZE * 2)
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , "DPD: R_U_THERE_ACK has invalid SPI length (%d)"
	    , n->isan_spisize);
        return STF_FAIL + PAYLOAD_MALFORMED;
    }

    if (memcmp(pbs->cur, st->st_icookie, COOKIE_SIZE) != 0)
    {
#ifdef APPLY_CRISCO
        /* Ignore it, cisco sends odd icookies */
#else
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: R_U_THERE_ACK has invalid icookie");
        return STF_FAIL + INVALID_COOKIE;
#endif
    }
    pbs->cur += COOKIE_SIZE;

    if (memcmp(pbs->cur, st->st_rcookie, COOKIE_SIZE) != 0)
    {
#ifdef APPLY_CRISCO
        /* Ignore it, cisco sends odd icookies */
#else
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: R_U_THERE_ACK has invalid rcookie");
        return STF_FAIL + INVALID_COOKIE;
#endif
    }
    pbs->cur += COOKIE_SIZE;

    if (pbs_left(pbs) != sizeof(seqno))
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , " DPD: R_U_THERE_ACK has invalid data length (%d)"
	    , (int) pbs_left(pbs));
        return STF_FAIL + PAYLOAD_MALFORMED;
    }

    seqno = ntohl(*(u_int32_t *)pbs->cur);
    DBG(DBG_CONTROL,
	DBG_log("received DPD notification R_U_THERE_ACK with seqno = %u"
	, seqno)
    )

    if (!st->st_dpd_expectseqno && seqno != st->st_dpd_expectseqno)
    {
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS
	    , "DPD: R_U_THERE_ACK has unexpected sequence number");
        return STF_FAIL + PAYLOAD_MALFORMED;
    }

    st->st_dpd_expectseqno = 0;
    delete_dpd_event(st);
    return STF_IGNORE;
}

/*
 * DPD Timeout Function
 *
 * This function is called when a timeout DPD_EVENT occurs.  We set clear/trap
 * both the SA and the eroutes, depending on what the connection definition
 * tells us (either 'hold' or 'clear')
 */
void
dpd_timeout(struct state *st)
{
    struct state *newest_phase1_st;
    struct connection *c = st->st_connection;
    int action = st->st_connection->dpd_action;

    passert(action == DPD_ACTION_HOLD
	 || action == DPD_ACTION_CLEAR
	 || DPD_ACTION_RESTART);

    /* is there a newer phase1_state? */
    newest_phase1_st = find_phase1_state(c, ISAKMP_SA_ESTABLISHED_STATES);
    if (newest_phase1_st != NULL && newest_phase1_st != st)
    {
	plog("DPD: Phase1 state #%ld has been superseded by #%ld"
	     " - timeout ignored"
	     , st->st_serialno, newest_phase1_st->st_serialno);
	return;
    }

    loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: No response from peer - declaring peer dead");

    /* delete the state, which is probably in phase 2 */
    set_cur_connection(c);
    plog("DPD: Terminating all SAs using this connection");
    delete_states_by_connection(c, TRUE);
    reset_cur_connection();

    switch (action)
    {
    case DPD_ACTION_HOLD:
	/* dpdaction=hold - Wipe the SA's but %trap the eroute so we don't
	 * leak traffic.  Also, being in %trap means new packets will
	 * force an initiation of the conn again.
	 */
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Putting connection into %%trap");
	break;
    case DPD_ACTION_CLEAR:
	/* dpdaction=clear - Wipe the SA & eroute - everything */
        loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Clearing connection");
        unroute_connection(c);
	break;
    case DPD_ACTION_RESTART:
	/* dpdaction=restart - Restart connection,
	 * except if roadwarrior connection
	 */
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: Restarting connection");
	unroute_connection(c);
	initiate_connection(c->name, NULL_FD);
	break;
    default:
	loglog(RC_LOG_SERIOUS, "DPD: unknown action");
    }
}

