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memcg: coalesce uncharge during unmap/truncate 

In massive parallel enviroment, res_counter can be a performance
bottleneck.  One strong techinque to reduce lock contention is reducing
calls by coalescing some amount of calls into one.

Considering charge/uncharge chatacteristic,
	- charge is done one by one via demand-paging.
	- uncharge is done by
		- in chunk at munmap, truncate, exit, execve...
		- one by one via vmscan/paging.

It seems we have a chance to coalesce uncharges for improving scalability
at unmap/truncation.

This patch is a for coalescing uncharge.  For avoiding scattering memcg's
structure to functions under /mm, this patch adds memcg batch uncharge
information to the task.  A reason for per-task batching is for making use
of caller's context information.  We do batched uncharge (deleyed
uncharge) when truncation/unmap occurs but do direct uncharge when
uncharge is called by memory reclaim (vmscan.c).

The degree of coalescing depends on callers
  - at invalidate/trucate... pagevec size
  - at unmap ....ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE
(memory itself will be freed in this degree.)
Then, we'll not coalescing too much.

On x86-64 8cpu server, I tested overheads of memcg at page fault by
running a program which does map/fault/unmap in a loop. Running
a task per a cpu by taskset and see sum of the number of page faults
in 60secs.

[without memcg config]
  40156968  page-faults              #      0.085 M/sec   ( +-   0.046% )
  27.67 cache-miss/faults
[root cgroup]
  36659599  page-faults              #      0.077 M/sec   ( +-   0.247% )
  31.58 miss/faults
[in a child cgroup]
  18444157  page-faults              #      0.039 M/sec   ( +-   0.133% )
  69.96 miss/faults
[child with this patch]
  27133719  page-faults              #      0.057 M/sec   ( +-   0.155% )
  47.16 miss/faults

We can see some amounts of improvement.
(root cgroup doesn't affected by this patch)
Another patch for "charge" will follow this and above will be improved more.

Changelog(since 2009/10/02):
 - renamed filed of memcg_batch (as pages to bytes, memsw to memsw_bytes)
 - some clean up and commentary/description updates.
 - added initialize code to copy_process(). (possible bug fix)

Changelog(old):
 - fixed !CONFIG_MEM_CGROUP case.
 - rebased onto the latest mmotm + softlimit fix patches.
 - unified patch for callers
 - added commetns.
 - make ->do_batch as bool.
 - removed css_get() at el. We don't need it.

Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This commit is contained in:
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki 2009-12-15 16:47:03 -08:00 committed by Linus Torvalds
parent cd9b45b78a
commit 569b846df5
6 changed files with 123 additions and 6 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

13
include/linux/memcontrol.h
View File

@ -54,6 +54,11 @@ extern void mem_cgroup_rotate_lru_list(struct page *page, enum lru_list lru);
extern void mem_cgroup_del_lru(struct page *page);
extern void mem_cgroup_move_lists(struct page *page,
enum lru_list from, enum lru_list to);
/* For coalescing uncharge for reducing memcg' overhead*/
extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_start(void);
extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_end(void);
extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_page(struct page *page);
extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page(struct page *page);
extern int mem_cgroup_shmem_charge_fallback(struct page *page,
@ -151,6 +156,14 @@ static inline void mem_cgroup_cancel_charge_swapin(struct mem_cgroup *ptr)
{
}
static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_start(void)
{
}
static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_end(void)
{
}
static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_page(struct page *page)
{
}

8
include/linux/sched.h
View File

@ -1544,6 +1544,14 @@ struct task_struct {
unsigned long trace_recursion;
#endif /* CONFIG_TRACING */
unsigned long stack_start;
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR /* memcg uses this to do batch job */
struct memcg_batch_info {
int do_batch; /* incremented when batch uncharge started */
struct mem_cgroup *memcg; /* target memcg of uncharge */
unsigned long bytes; /* uncharged usage */
unsigned long memsw_bytes; /* uncharged mem+swap usage */
} memcg_batch;
#endif
};
/* Future-safe accessor for struct task_struct's cpus_allowed. */

4
kernel/fork.c
View File

@ -1127,6 +1127,10 @@ static struct task_struct *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
p->memcg_batch.do_batch = 0;
p->memcg_batch.memcg = NULL;
#endif
p->bts = NULL;

96
mm/memcontrol.c
View File

@ -1827,6 +1827,50 @@ void mem_cgroup_cancel_charge_swapin(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
css_put(&mem->css);
}
static void
__do_uncharge(struct mem_cgroup *mem, const enum charge_type ctype)
{
struct memcg_batch_info *batch = NULL;
bool uncharge_memsw = true;
/* If swapout, usage of swap doesn't decrease */
if (!do_swap_account || ctype == MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT)
uncharge_memsw = false;
/*
* do_batch > 0 when unmapping pages or inode invalidate/truncate.
* In those cases, all pages freed continously can be expected to be in
* the same cgroup and we have chance to coalesce uncharges.
* But we do uncharge one by one if this is killed by OOM(TIF_MEMDIE)
* because we want to do uncharge as soon as possible.
*/
if (!current->memcg_batch.do_batch || test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
goto direct_uncharge;
batch = &current->memcg_batch;
/*
* In usual, we do css_get() when we remember memcg pointer.
* But in this case, we keep res->usage until end of a series of
* uncharges. Then, it's ok to ignore memcg's refcnt.
*/
if (!batch->memcg)
batch->memcg = mem;
/*
* In typical case, batch->memcg == mem. This means we can
* merge a series of uncharges to an uncharge of res_counter.
* If not, we uncharge res_counter ony by one.
*/
if (batch->memcg != mem)
goto direct_uncharge;
/* remember freed charge and uncharge it later */
batch->bytes += PAGE_SIZE;
if (uncharge_memsw)
batch->memsw_bytes += PAGE_SIZE;
return;
direct_uncharge:
res_counter_uncharge(&mem->res, PAGE_SIZE);
if (uncharge_memsw)
res_counter_uncharge(&mem->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
return;
}
/*
* uncharge if !page_mapped(page)
@ -1875,12 +1919,8 @@ __mem_cgroup_uncharge_common(struct page *page, enum charge_type ctype)
break;
}
if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(mem)) {
res_counter_uncharge(&mem->res, PAGE_SIZE);
if (do_swap_account &&
(ctype != MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT))
res_counter_uncharge(&mem->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
}
if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(mem))
__do_uncharge(mem, ctype);
if (ctype == MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT)
mem_cgroup_swap_statistics(mem, true);
mem_cgroup_charge_statistics(mem, pc, false);
@ -1926,6 +1966,50 @@ void mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page(struct page *page)
__mem_cgroup_uncharge_common(page, MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_CACHE);
}
/*
* Batch_start/batch_end is called in unmap_page_range/invlidate/trucate.
* In that cases, pages are freed continuously and we can expect pages
* are in the same memcg. All these calls itself limits the number of
* pages freed at once, then uncharge_start/end() is called properly.
* This may be called prural(2) times in a context,
*/
void mem_cgroup_uncharge_start(void)
{
current->memcg_batch.do_batch++;
/* We can do nest. */
if (current->memcg_batch.do_batch == 1) {
current->memcg_batch.memcg = NULL;
current->memcg_batch.bytes = 0;
current->memcg_batch.memsw_bytes = 0;
}
}
void mem_cgroup_uncharge_end(void)
{
struct memcg_batch_info *batch = &current->memcg_batch;
if (!batch->do_batch)
return;
batch->do_batch--;
if (batch->do_batch) /* If stacked, do nothing. */
return;
if (!batch->memcg)
return;
/*
* This "batch->memcg" is valid without any css_get/put etc...
* bacause we hide charges behind us.
*/
if (batch->bytes)
res_counter_uncharge(&batch->memcg->res, batch->bytes);
if (batch->memsw_bytes)
res_counter_uncharge(&batch->memcg->memsw, batch->memsw_bytes);
/* forget this pointer (for sanity check) */
batch->memcg = NULL;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
/*
* called after __delete_from_swap_cache() and drop "page" account.

2
mm/memory.c
View File

@ -956,6 +956,7 @@ static unsigned long unmap_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
details = NULL;
BUG_ON(addr >= end);
mem_cgroup_uncharge_start();
tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
pgd = pgd_offset(vma->vm_mm, addr);
do {
@ -968,6 +969,7 @@ static unsigned long unmap_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
zap_work, details);
} while (pgd++, addr = next, (addr != end && *zap_work > 0));
tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
mem_cgroup_uncharge_end();
return addr;
}

6
mm/truncate.c
View File

@ -272,6 +272,7 @@ void truncate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping,
pagevec_release(&pvec);
break;
}
mem_cgroup_uncharge_start();
for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(&pvec); i++) {
struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
@ -286,6 +287,7 @@ void truncate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping,
unlock_page(page);
}
pagevec_release(&pvec);
mem_cgroup_uncharge_end();
}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(truncate_inode_pages_range);
@ -327,6 +329,7 @@ unsigned long invalidate_mapping_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
pagevec_init(&pvec, 0);
while (next <= end &&
pagevec_lookup(&pvec, mapping, next, PAGEVEC_SIZE)) {
mem_cgroup_uncharge_start();
for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(&pvec); i++) {
struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
pgoff_t index;
@ -354,6 +357,7 @@ unsigned long invalidate_mapping_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
break;
}
pagevec_release(&pvec);
mem_cgroup_uncharge_end();
cond_resched();
}
return ret;
@ -428,6 +432,7 @@ int invalidate_inode_pages2_range(struct address_space *mapping,
while (next <= end && !wrapped &&
pagevec_lookup(&pvec, mapping, next,
min(end - next, (pgoff_t)PAGEVEC_SIZE - 1) + 1)) {
mem_cgroup_uncharge_start();
for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(&pvec); i++) {
struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
pgoff_t page_index;
@ -477,6 +482,7 @@ int invalidate_inode_pages2_range(struct address_space *mapping,
unlock_page(page);
}
pagevec_release(&pvec);
mem_cgroup_uncharge_end();
cond_resched();
}
return ret;