From ce86f62b1188eb3ffd206ee7d1205eee92efa6d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andreas Eversberg Date: Sun, 10 Jul 2016 16:00:34 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] work on docs --- README | 23 +- docs/a-netz.html | 63 +-- docs/amps.html | 17 +- docs/b-netz.html | 74 ++-- docs/c-netz.html | 219 +++++----- docs/headset.html | 6 +- docs/index.html | 7 +- docs/install.html | 4 +- docs/nmt.html | 954 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- docs/nmt_freq.jpg | Bin 0 -> 135033 bytes docs/nmt_handover.jpg | Bin 0 -> 616475 bytes docs/nmt_mo_call.jpg | Bin 0 -> 484821 bytes docs/nmt_mod.jpg | Bin 0 -> 84697 bytes docs/nmt_mt_call.jpg | Bin 0 -> 377058 bytes docs/nmt_roaming.jpg | Bin 0 -> 675790 bytes docs/nmt_routing.jpg | Bin 0 -> 173598 bytes docs/nmt_ta.jpg | Bin 0 -> 394371 bytes docs/setup.html | 46 +- docs/software.html | 26 +- docs/style.css | 17 + 20 files changed, 1229 insertions(+), 227 deletions(-) create mode 100644 docs/nmt_freq.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_handover.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_mo_call.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_mod.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_mt_call.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_roaming.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_routing.jpg create mode 100644 docs/nmt_ta.jpg diff --git a/README b/README index b49c930..8d1732e 100644 --- a/README +++ b/README @@ -15,19 +15,24 @@ USE AT YOUR OWN RISK! Acknowledgements: -Hans Wigger for providing valuable informations about A-Netz and B-Netz. +Carsten Wollesen for donating Telefunken 4015 B-Netz phone back in the 90's. + +Klaus Adler for helping me to retrieve complete NMT specification and donating +a BSA44 (magnetic card C-Netz hackable phone) back in the 90's. + +Andy Zauner for providing signalling specification of C-Netz back in the 90's. + +Hans Wigger for providing valuable informations about A-Netz and B-Netz and +helping me to get an A-Netz phone. Stephan Hessberger for his work on oebl.de, that provides valuable informations about A-Netz, B-Netz and C-Netz. -Friedhelm Hillebrand for providing complete specification for mobile phone of -C-Netz. +Friedhelm Hillebrand for providing complete specification of the mobile phone +of C-Netz. -Klaus Adler for helping me to retrieve complete NMT specification back in the -90's. +Mikko Ristila for providing newer NMT specs (with DMS/SMS specifications). -Andy Zauner for providing me signalling specification of C-Netz back in the -90's. - -Carsten Wollesen for donating Telefunken 4015 B-Netz phone back in the 90's. +Dieter and Mark for prividing AMPS specifications and tester recordings to +verify and debug AMPS support. diff --git a/docs/a-netz.html b/docs/a-netz.html index 457de52..cbef09a 100644 --- a/docs/a-netz.html +++ b/docs/a-netz.html @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Only big cars could carry these units in their trunk. It used full duplex radio link. The call was placed by an operator. After full deployment, there were 136 base stations with a sum of 317 radio transceivers. -A maximum of 10,784 subscribers were counted 1971. The basic charge was 65 German Marks (A1-Netz), 45 German Marks (A2-Netz / A3-netz). +A maximum of 10,784 subscribers were counted 1971. The basic charge was 65 German Marks (A1-Netz), 45 German Marks (A2-Netz / A3-Netz). The German Federal Post Office then raised the price to 270 German Marks in 1972. Also the second mobile network (B-Netz) was deployed. The number of subscribers decreased to 787 on shutdown in 1977.

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ How it works

1. Idle state

-A base station transmits a continuous 2280 Hz idle tone on downlink channel. +A base station transmits a continuous 2280 Hz idle tone on down-link channel. A mobile station detects this tone and indicates a green light. If the channel is busy or unused in that area, the green light does not appear. The user must switch channel using the dial. @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ The user must switch channel using the dial. 2. Call from mobile station

The mobile station will only seize the channel, if the green light is on, otherwise it is blocked. -When the user picks up the handset, the phone switches on its transmitter on uplink channel and transmits a continous 1750 Hz calling tone. +When the user picks up the handset, the phone switches on its transmitter on up-link channel and transmits a continuous 1750 Hz calling tone. The base station receives this tone and turns off its 2280 Hz idle tone. The mobile station detects the tone is missing and turns off its 1750 calling tone. The the speech path is connected through to an operator. @@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ Because our 5th digit is 7, we find 442.5 Hz in group 1. Because our 6th digit is 9, we find 622.5 Hz in group 2. Because our 7th digit is 0, we find 787.5 Hz in group 3.

-All these tones are sent simultaniously from the base station to the mobile startion. +All these tones are sent simultaneously from the base station to the mobile station. The mobile stations has four detectors for the four frequencies. If all four tones are detected by the mobile station, a yellow light and a buzzing sound is indicated. -There is no ringback indication from the mobile station to the base station. -When the user picks up the handset, the phone switches on its transmitter on uplink channel and transmits a continous 1750 Hz answer tone. +There is no ring-back indication from the mobile station to the base station. +When the user picks up the handset, the phone switches on its transmitter on up-link channel and transmits a continuous 1750 Hz answer tone. The base station receives this tone and turns off the four paging tones. The mobile station detects the tone is missing and turns off its 1750 answer tone. The the speech path is connected through to the caller (or operator). @@ -178,15 +178,15 @@ The the speech path is connected through to the caller (or operator).

4. Release by the mobile station

-If the user hangs up, the mobile station transmits a continous 1750 Hz release tone. -The base station receives this tone and disconnects the call. It transmits the continous 2280 Hz idle tone. +If the user hangs up, the mobile station transmits a continuous 1750 Hz release tone. +The base station receives this tone and disconnects the call. It transmits the continuous 2280 Hz idle tone. The mobile station receives this tone and turns off the transmitter.

5. Release by the base station

-If the caller or the operator hangs up, the base station returns to idle. It transmits the continous 2280 Hz idle tone. +If the caller or the operator hangs up, the base station returns to idle. It transmits the continuous 2280 Hz idle tone. The mobile station receives this tone and turns off the transmitter.

@@ -197,9 +197,9 @@ Setup of a base station

Now run your base station on channel 30. -Tune the transmitter to 162.050 MHz and the receiver to 157.550. -You should tune the receiver to 164.050 first, to check if you hear the idle signal from the base station. -Then tune to actually uplink frequency 157.550 MHz. +Tune the transmitter to 162.050 MHz and the receiver to 157.550 MHz. +You should tune the receiver to 164.050 MHz first, to check if you hear the idle signal from the base station. +Then tune to actually up-link frequency 157.550 MHz. The actual level is not yet relevant. (You may check the quality using '-L 2' command line option and build a radio loop by tuning the receiver to the transmitter.)

@@ -226,13 +226,13 @@ Or if you can't increase the audio level on the transmitter, do it with 'alsamix 
 
-dsp.c:150 info   : Detecting continous 1750 Hz tone. (level = 137%)
+dsp.c:150 info   : Detecting continuous 1750 Hz tone. (level = 137%)
 anetz.c:244 info   : Received 1750 Hz calling signal from mobile station, removing idle signal.
 dsp.c:133 info   : Lost 1750 Hz tone after 0 ms.
 anetz.c:256 info   : 1750 Hz signal from mobile station is gone, setup call.
-call.c:574 info   : Incomming call from '' to 'operator'
+call.c:574 info   : Incoming call from '' to 'operator'
 ... after hangup...
-dsp.c:150 info   : Detecting continous 1750 Hz tone. (level = 141%)
+dsp.c:150 info   : Detecting continuous 1750 Hz tone. (level = 141%)
 anetz.c:272 info   : Received 1750 Hz release signal from mobile station, sending idle signal.
 anetz.c:201 info   : Entering IDLE state, sending 2280 Hz tone.
 call.c:695 info   : Call has been released with cause=16
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ call disconnected: hangup (enter h=hangup)
 

 When you pick up the phone, the phone transmits a 1750 Hz calling tone.
 On reception at the base station, the base station removes the 2280 Hz idle tone.
-After that the call is establised.
+After that the call is established.
 After establishment, you can use the headset, if present, for speech communication with the phone.
 On hangup, the phone transmit a 1750 Hz hangup tone.
 Then the base station returns to idle again and sends the 2280 Hz idle tone.
@@ -253,18 +253,19 @@ Be sure that the phone turns off the transmitter and indicates the (green) light
 
 

 Level adjustment:
-We see a receive level of arround 140%.
-Use the variable resistor (connecting your receiver) to reduce the volume until the level matches about 100% (+- 10%).
-Then start the base station using '-L 2' option for loopback and tune receiver to the transmitter.
-The base station generates a 1750 Hz test signal, just like the phone.
-Use the other variable resistor (connecting your transmitter) to match the same level of your phone.
-In this case it is the 100% you adjusted the receiver to.
-Now, whatever frequency deviation the phone transmits at 1750 Hz, so does your base station.
+We see a receive level of around 140%.
+Then start the base station using '-L 2' option for loop-back and tune receiver to the transmitter.
+The base station generates a 1750 Hz test signal, just like the mobile phone.
+Use the variable resistor (connecting your transmitter) to adjust the volume until the received level matches the same level of your previously received signal.
+In my case I adjust the transmitter to match around 140%. (+- 10% is good)
+Now, whatever frequency deviation the mobile phone transmits at 1750 Hz, so does your base station.
+Use the other variable resistor (connecting your receiver) to adjust the volume until the level matches about 100%. (+- 10% is good)
+Switch back the receiver to up-link frequency and restart the phone.
 

 
 

 To call to the phone, be sure that your transmitter transmits 'loud' enough to send the four paging sine waves.
-The frequncy deviation should be between 11 and 15 KHz.
+The frequency deviation should be between 11 and 15 KHz.
 If transmitter limits the deviation, check if the limit can be adjusted up.
 Alternatively a direct connection to the PLL is suggested.
 

@@ -274,18 +275,18 @@ Start the base station, if not running already.
 Enter the last 5 digits of the phone's number and press 'd' to dial.
 If you listen to the transmit signal, you should hear 4 low pitched tones at once.
 They are quite loud, if you use the pre-empfasis inside your transmitter. (default)
-The phone should now turn off the green light and indicate an incomming call with a yellow light and a buzzer sound.
-There is no acknowledgement from the phone until you pick up the call.
-If the phone does not indicate an incomming call, increase the volume of the transmit signal, but be sure not to overdrive it.
+The phone should now turn off the green light and indicate an incoming call with a yellow light and a buzzer sound.
+There is no acknowledgment from the phone until you pick up the call.
+If the phone does not indicate an incoming call, increase the volume of the transmit signal, but be sure not to overdrive it.
 Also be sure that you are actually dialing the right number, so the base station generates the correct paging tones for your phone.
 

 
 

 Instead of transmitting all 4 tones at once, they can be transmitted after each other.
-Each tone is playes for a short time.
+Each tone is plays for a short time.
 After the last tone has been played, base station starts again with the first tone.
-My phone also responds to a call, even if the tones cycle rather than sent simultaniously.
-In this case the level of each tone is two times highter (+3 dB), but the peak level is two times lower (-3 dB) than the peak level of 4 simultanious tones.
+My phone also responds to a call, even if the tones cycle rather than sent simultaneously.
+In this case the level of each tone is two times higher (+3 dB), but the peak level is two times lower (-3 dB) than the peak level of 4 simultaneous tones.
 Add command line option "-P 50" to send each tone for 50 milliseconds.
 Try something between 20-100 milliseconds, if the phone still doesn't ring.
 Be sure to check: Does your transmitter has enough frequency deviation (15 KHz is suggested)? Do you really send the correct number of your phone, check the frequencies of your phone and use "-D 0" option to see what 4 frequencies the base station actually transmits.
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ Be sure to check: Does your transmitter has enough frequency deviation (15 KHz i
 

 Detecting loss of carrier signal:
 To automatically release the call, when the carrier signal gets lost, look at the B-Netz page.
-It is the same priciple.
+It is the same principle.
 

 
 [Back to main page]
diff --git a/docs/amps.html b/docs/amps.html
index 16d7ea0..a295482 100644
--- a/docs/amps.html
+++ b/docs/amps.html
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ History
 	
  • Duplex distance: 45 MHz
 	
  • Channel spacing: 30 KHz
 	
  • Voice modulation: FM
-	
  • Signalling modulation: carrier FSK
+	
  • Signaling modulation: carrier FSK
 	
  • Frequency deviation: 8 KHz (FSK)
 	
  • Mobile station transmit power: 4 Watts (vehicular) 1.6 or 0.6 Watts
 	
  • Base station transmit power: ??? (around 50 Watts)
@@ -58,6 +58,13 @@ History
 *TBD* SID and System A/B
 
    
 
+
    
+To reduce radio noise, a syllabic compandor is used on both ends.
+This compresses the audio level dynamics by 2.
+An audio level of 25% is raised to 50% by the compressor and lowered to 25% by the expandor.
+A radio noise floor of 10% would be reduced to 1% by the expandor.
+
    
+
 
    
 
 Setup of a base station
@@ -140,7 +147,7 @@ frame.c:2691 info   : Transmit: Word 2 - Extended Address Word (SCC != 11)
 transaction.c:175 info   : Transaction state CALL ASSIGN MOBILE ORIGINATING SEND -> CALL
 amps.c:951 info   : Staying on combined control + voice channel 334
 amps.c:959 info   : Setup call to network.
-call.c:590 info   : Incomming call from '617XXXXXXX' to '5551212'
+call.c:590 info   : Incoming call from '617XXXXXXX' to '5551212'
 dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 72.31% quality 98%p)
 dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 78.63% quality 100%)
 dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 78.76% quality 100%)
@@ -151,7 +158,7 @@ dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 78.66% quality 100%)
 
 
     
-amps.c:525 info   : Detected Signalling Tone with quality=100.
+amps.c:525 info   : Detected Signaling Tone with quality=100.
 transaction.c:117 info   : Destroying transaction for subscriber '617XXXXXXX'
 transaction.c:175 info   : Transaction state CALL -> IDLE
 call.c:711 info   : Call has been released with cause=16
@@ -203,7 +210,7 @@ dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 78.58% quality 99%
 amps.c:585 info   : Detected SAT signal with quality=99.
 frame.c:2691 info   : Transmit: Mobile Station Control Message Word 1 (SCC == 11)
 dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 79.75% quality 100%
-amps.c:525 info   : Detected Signalling Tone with quality=100.
+amps.c:525 info   : Detected Signaling Tone with quality=100.
 call.c:646 info   : Call is alerting
 transaction.c:175 info   : Transaction state CALL ALERT MOBILE TERMINATING ->
 CALL ALERT MOBILE TERMINATING SEND
@@ -216,7 +223,7 @@ dsp.c:678 notice : SAT level 80.08% quality 100%
 
 
     
-mps.c:527 info   : Lost Signalling Tone signal
+mps.c:527 info   : Lost Signaling Tone signal
 call.c:689 info   : Call has been answered by '617XXXXXXX'
 transaction.c:175 info   : Transaction state CALL ALERT MOBILE TERMINATING SEND -> CALL
 
diff --git a/docs/b-netz.html b/docs/b-netz.html
index 18a9338..ab9cd93 100644
--- a/docs/b-netz.html
+++ b/docs/b-netz.html
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ It was the successor of the A-Netz.
 It existed between 1972 and 1994.
 Using digital technology and later microprocessors, the phone were still as big as a suitcase.
 It used full duplex radio link.
-The call was placed by atomatic dialing in both direction, so no requirement for an operator.
+The call was placed by automatic dialing in both direction, so no requirement for an operator.
 After full deployment in 1986, there were 158 base stations.
 Early devices used up to 38 voice channels. Later units used up to 75 voice channels.
 A maximum of about 27,000 subscribers were counted 1986.
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ This helped to lower the channel allocation time.
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
    
-Tune your transmitter AND reciever to 153.010 MHz.
+Tune your transmitter AND receiver to 153.010 MHz.
 Press the PTT button on you transmitter and talk into it.
 Check if you hear your voice at a normal level from the receiver.
 Then connect the audio output (headphone) of your sound adapter to your transmitter, by using a variable resistor.
 You should hear now the whistle sound clearly on the receiver, once you turn up the variable resistor.
-Adjust the audio output so that the tone is not overdriven, but the volume similar to your voice when you talked into the transmitter.
+Adjust the audio output so that the tone is not over-driven, but the volume similar to your voice when you talked into the transmitter.
 The sound must be clear without any background noise or distortion.
 
    
 
 
    
 Now connect the audio input (microphone) to your receiver, by using a variable resistor.
 Enable the transmitter. (PTT button)
-You should now see the signal beeing decoded by the base station:
+You should now see the signal being decoded by the base station:
 
    
 
 
    @@ -126,12 +126,12 @@ bnetz.c:478 notice : Round trip delay is 0.054 seconds
 
    
 
 
    
-Adjust the input level so that the received signal level is arround 100%.
-If the input level cannot be ajusted up to 100%, leave it as it is.
+Adjust the input level so that the received signal level is around 100%.
+If the input level cannot be adjusted up to 100%, leave it as it is.
 There is an option later in this manual to add RX gain.
 The quality should be 90% or better.
-Now you have connected the base station to your radio eqipment and roughly adjusted the levels.
-For finetuning, refer to each network description.
+Now you have connected the base station to your radio equipment and roughly adjusted the levels.
+For fine-tuning, refer to each network description.
 
    
 
 
    
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ In my experiments it helps to amplify the amplitude by factor two in order adjus
 A gain of 6 dB will amplify the amplitude by factor two.
 Also the noise of the sound adapter will be amplified by factor two, but this is not relevant at 16 bit resolution.
 Use the command line option '-G 6' or '--rx-gain 6'.
-In this example I use both, transmitter and receiver without emphasis and add extra 6 dB gain to the input from the receiver:
+In this example I use both, transmitter and receiver without emphasis (so software must do it) and add extra 6 dB gain to the input from the receiver:
 
    
 
 
    @@ -227,15 +227,15 @@ In this example I use both, transmitter and receiver without emphasis and add ex
 
    
 
 
    
-Loopback Test
+Loop-back Test
 
    
 
 
    
-As used before, the loopback test can be used to verify the signal process, such as level, delay and quality.
+As used before, the loop-back test can be used to verify the signal process, such as level, delay and quality.
 
    
 
 
    
-If command line option '-L 1' or '--loopback 1' is given, a loopback inside the software is performed.
+If command line option '-L 1' or '--loopback 1' is given, a loop-back inside the software is performed.
 Also the audio signal is sent to the audio adapter, but not received from it.
 This test is used to debug the software.
 It can be used to see what the output of an external loop would look like.
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ bnetz.c:528 notice : Round trip delay is 0.001 seconds
 
    
 
 
    
-If command line option '-L 2' or '--loopback 2' is given, an external loopback is performed.
+If command line option '-L 2' or '--loopback 2' is given, an external loop-back is performed.
 The receiver needs to be tuned to transmitter, so the software receives its own signal.
 The received quality level is relevant. It should be not less than 90 for B-Netz.
 
    
diff --git a/docs/style.css b/docs/style.css
index 2db6570..248c72d 100644
--- a/docs/style.css
+++ b/docs/style.css
@@ -57,6 +57,12 @@ pre.list {
 	background-color: #ffffff;
 }
 
+pre.doc {
+	font-size: 16px;
+	color: #000000;
+	background-color: #ffffff;
+}
+
 table {
 	width: 816px;
 	border-spacing: 0px;
@@ -65,6 +71,17 @@ td {
 	padding: 0px;
 }
 
+table.nmt {
+	width: 400px;
+	border-spacing: 0px;
+	border:4px solid black;
+	border-collapse:collapse;
+}
+td.nmt {
+	padding: 3px;
+	border:4px solid black
+}
+
 li {
 	font-size: 20;
 	color: #000000;